Taste And Smell

Front 1

GSA
GSE
GVA
GVE
SSA
SVA
SVE

Back 1

5,7,9,10 tri complex
3,4,6,11,12 motor nu
7,9,10 Nu Solitarius
3,7,9,10 EW, Sup Sal, Inf Sal, Dorsal Motor of X
2,8 Vestiular/Cochlear
1,7,9,10 Gustatory nu
5,7,9,10 Nu Ambiguus (9+10)

Front 2

B
MB
P
M
S

Back 2

1,2
3,4
5,6,7
8 (P+M)
9,10,12
11

Front 3

nuclei for vital reflexes

Back 3

GVA or Nu Solitarius

Front 4

for taste

Back 4

SVA Gustatory Nu

Front 5

major outputs associated with reflex activities

Back 5

dorsal motor nucleus of X

Front 6

carotid and aortic sinus are?
carotid sinus by?
aortic sinus by?

Back 6

baroreceptors (BP and HR)
GVA IX
GVA X

Front 7

parasympathetic vasodepressor effect mediated by?
what does it do?

Back 7

dorsal motor nu of X
DECREASE HR & BP

Front 8

GVAs have visceral primary nu in

Back 8

inferior ganglion

Front 9

GSAs have them in?

Back 9

superior ganglion

Front 10

vagus cardiac nerves are?

Back 10

preganglionic

Front 11

wall of heart

Back 11

postganglionic

Front 12

sympathetics control HR and BP via

Back 12

Pressor/Depressor centers in the medullary RF

Front 13

sympathetic vasopressor response cause?

Back 13

increased HR and BP

Front 14

Bell's Palsy

Back 14

CN VII

Front 15

vertigo and meniere's disease

Back 15

CN VIII

Front 16

HTN and Type II DM

Back 16

L and R rostral vagus X

Front 17

cervical dystonia

Back 17

CN XI

Front 18

CN
S,M, or B

Back 18

OOOTTAFVGVSH
SSMMBMBSBBMM

Front 19

causes trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia

Back 19

pulsatile vascular compression

Front 20

Artery
superior cerebellar
AICA
PICA

Back 20

Lesion
CN V
CN VII or VIII
CN IX,X,XI or rostral medulla

Front 21

chemoreceptors that monitor the partial pressure of O2 and CO2 and stimulate inspiration and expiration accordingly
which nerve with whic

Back 21

carotid and aortic bodies
carotid body = IX
aortic body = X

Front 22

where are these bodies located

Back 22

medullary RF

Front 23

preganglionics follow what to synapse
the postganglionic follow which nerve to diaphragm

Back 23

cervical spinal cord
phrenic nerve

Front 24

respiration is also under the control of what 2?

Back 24

2 pontine RF centers

Front 25

what are the 2

Back 25

apneustic
pneumotaxic centers

Front 26

center that promotes deep respiratory inspirations

Back 26

apneustic

Front 27

regulates volume and rate of respiration and respiratory rhythm

Back 27

pneumotaxic

Front 28

where do these pontine center influence

Back 28

medullary RF inspiratory and expiratory centers

Front 29

how many centers do we have for respiration in the RF?

Back 29

4
inspiratory and expiratory center in medullary RF
pontine RF apneustic and pneumotaxic

Front 30

all of these are interconnected for control of respiration ultimately down through the?

Back 30

phrenic nerve and segmental nerves as well for other respiratory muscles

Front 31

senses and component for taste

Back 31

Chemical Senses
SVA Nu Solitarius

Front 32

which nerve goes where for taste?

Back 32

CN VII to ant 2/3 tongue
CN IX to post 1/3
CN X to epiglottis

Front 33

SVA and GVA from geniculate ganglion for which nerve

Back 33

CN VII

Front 34

nu for taste?

Back 34

gustatory nu

Front 35

where is the taste center

Back 35

pontine RF

Front 36

what is unique about this?
where does it go?

Back 36

bilateral so highly protected
VPM in dorsal thalamus like the TTT
then to limbic system (amygdala) and hypothalamus
insula in a pain system
opercular part of post central gyrus S2 (also find fast pain)

Front 37

taste receptors are cells located in?

Back 37

epithelium of the taste buds

Front 38

concentrations of taste buds

Back 38

different concentrations of taste buds for sweet, sour, bitter, etc, BUT RECEPTORS FOR ALL 5 MODALITIES OF TASTE ARE FOUND IN ALL REGIONS OF THE TONGUE

Front 39

loss of taste

Back 39

ageusia

Front 40

refers to savory flavor of glutamate in the form of MSG

Back 40

umami

Front 41

what form must they be in in order for you to taste

Back 41

must be in solution

Front 42

taste receptors, once in the oral cavity, are associated with

Back 42

fungiform papillae

Front 43

big crypt near the back of the tongue

Back 43

circumvallate papillae with receptor cells in the crypts

Front 44

sense for olfaction

Back 44

chemical
SVA

Front 45

our most chemical sense
whats unique about it?
what form must it be in?

Back 45

olfaction
ONLY sensory system that bypasses the dorsal thalamus and is conveyed directly to the cerebral cortex (uncus)
must be dissolved in a solution of H2O or mucous in olfaction epithelium

Front 46

kind of sensory receptor

Back 46

bipolar neuron

Front 47

where do 1, 2 go?
how does it bypass?

Back 47

1 = directly to cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb, then pyriform cortex on the uncut
2 = via the thalamus to orbitofrontal cortex
part of the cortex to begin with

Front 48

flavor =

Back 48

OLFACTION + taste

Front 49

loss of olfaction?
is often described as loss of taste

Back 49

anosmia

Front 50

olfaction is sensitive to

Back 50

minute concentrations 10^-9

Front 51

what can basal cells in olfactory epithelium to

Back 51

regenerate bipolar neurons

Front 52

primary olfactory cortex =

Back 52

olfactory bulb + pyriform cortex (uncus)
+ orbital frontal cortex (flavor)

Front 53

olfaction is impaired in elderly and pts with

Back 53

alzheimer's, parkinsonism, and schizophrenia

Front 54

seen in what stages?

Back 54

EARLY

Front 55

properties taste olfaction
receptor
receptor regeneration
nerve
thalamic relay nu
1 sensory area
flavor palatability and reward

Back 55

taste (tastants) and olfaction (olfactants)
epithelial gustatory cells vs bipolar neurons
YES vs YES
CN 7,9,10 vs CN 1
VPM (medial) vs NONE
opercular postcentral gyrus & insular cortex vs UNCUS
+ vs +++
amygdala vs amygdala