T3 Penney Case 1 & 2

Front 1

contralateral loss of pain and temp one segment below level of lesion

Back 1

lateral spinothalmic tract lesion

Front 2

contralateral loss of light crude touch sensation 3 or 4 segments below the level of lesion

Back 2

ventral spinothalmic tract lesion

Front 3

ipsilateral leg dystaxia, patient has difficulty performing heel to shin test

Back 3

dorsal spinocerebellar tract lesion

Front 4

contrallateral leg dystaxia- difficulty performing heel to shin test

Back 4

Ventral spinocerebellar tract lesion

Front 5

level of Herpes Zoster- Shingles

Back 5

T5-T10

Front 6

vesicular eruption in affected dermatome

Back 6

shingles

Front 7

usually follows infec illness, produces LMN symp, CSF elevated protein while cell count remains normal

Back 7

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Front 8

combined upper and lower motor neuron lesion, muscle weakness and wasting s sensory deficits

Back 8

ALS- Lou Gehrig's-prototypic

Front 9

SC hemisection

Back 9

Brown-Sequard Syndrome

Front 10

ipsilateral loss of tactile discrimination from perception and and position and vibration sensation below lesion

Back 10

dorsal column transection

Front 11

hypothalmic tract transection rostral to T2

Back 11

Horners syndrome

Front 12

ipsilateral spastic paresis below the UMN lesion, pos Babinski

Back 12

lateral corticospinal tract transection

Front 13

minor contralateral muscle weakness below lesion

Back 13

ventral corticospinal tract transection

Front 14

ipsilateral flaccid paralysis of somatic muscles, LMN lesions

Back 14

ventral horn destruction

Front 15

ipsilateral dermatomic anesthsia & areflexia

Back 15

dorsal horn destruction

Front 16

complete transection of SC

Front 17

C1-C3

Back 17

Exitus lethalis

Front 18

C4-C5

Back 18

Quadriplegia

Front 19

below T1

Back 19

Paraplegia

Front 20

infarction of ventral 2/3 of SC, usually spares dorsal columns and dorsal horns, bilat Horners, loss of voluntary bladder and bowel control c perservation of reflex emptying

Back 20

ventral Ant Spinal Artery Occlusion

Front 21

bilat signs, absence of motor deficits in lower limbs, dest of sacral PS nucleus causing paralytic bladder, fecal incontinec, impotence

Back 21

Conus Medullaris Syndrome sements S3- Co

Front 22

signs predominate on one side, may result from intervertebral disk herniation, severe spontanous radicular pain

Back 22

Cauda Equina Syndrome

Front 23

thickened and shortened filum terminale, traction on conus medullaris- resulting in sphincter dysfuction, gait disorders, deform of feet

Back 23

filum terminale- tethered cord syndrome

Front 24

most common hereditary ataxia, autosomal recessive, cerebellar involvement

Back 24

Fredreich's hereditary ataxia

Front 25

central cavitation of cervical SC

Back 25

syringomyelia

Front 26

SC dx assoc c pernicious anemia, demyelination of dorsal columns- loss of vibration and position sense

Back 26

Subacute Combined Degeneration Vit B12 Neuropathy

Front 27

most commonly observed myelopathy, SC or SC root compression by calcified disk material extruded into spinal vertrebral canal, long tract symp

Back 27

Cervical spondylosis c myelopathy

Front 28

question whether patient is malingering

Back 28

waddels sign

Front 29

non anatomic superficial tenderness, axial load produce symp, flip test, over-reaction, non-anatomic weakness/sensory findings

Back 29

3 of 5 suggest waddel's signs

Front 30

muscles that abduct arm at shoulder

Back 30

deltoid and supraspinatus

Front 31

innervation to deltoid

Back 31

axillary N C5,C6

Front 32

innervation to supraspinatus

Back 32

Suprascapular N C4-C6, C5

Front 33

how many adjacent dorsal roots have to be sectioned to lose sensation in one dermatome

Back 33

three adjacent

Front 34

knee jerk reflex

Back 34

L3,4

Front 35

ankle reflex

Back 35

S1

Front 36

biceps reflex

Back 36

C5,6

Front 37

triceps reflex

Back 37

C7

Front 38

lateral shoulder dermatome

Back 38

C5

Front 39

thumb dernatome

Back 39

C6

Front 40

index/middle finger

Back 40

C7

Front 41

umbilicus

Back 41

T10

Front 42

ant thigh

Back 42

L3-4

Front 43

dorsal foot

Back 43

L5

Front 44

Upper vs Lower motor lesion

Front 45

focal weakness

Back 45

lower

Front 46

severe atrophy

Back 46

lower

Front 47

no fasciculations

Back 47

upper

Front 48

clonus present

Back 48

upper

Front 49

increased muscle tone

Back 49

upper

Front 50

Absent Babinski

Back 50

lower

Front 51

normal EMG

Back 51

upper

Front 52

motor innervation

Front 53

triceps

Back 53

C7-C8

Front 54

intrinsic hand muscles

Back 54

C8-T1

Front 55

iliopsoas

Back 55

L2-L4

Front 56

tibialias anter

Back 56

L4-5

Front 57

Gastrocnemius

Back 57

S1-2

Front 58

damage to motor neurons of the ventral horn or motor neurons of the CN nuclei

Back 58

Lower motor neuron lesion

Front 59

acute infl viral infection affecting LMNs caused by enterovirus

Back 59

poliomyelitis

Front 60

damage to cortical neurons that give rise to corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts

Back 60

upper motor neuron lesion

Front 61

lesion rostral to pyramidal decussation of caudal medulla, deficits below the lesion on ____ side

Back 61

contralateral

Front 62

caudal to pyramidal decussation lesion below

Back 62

ipsilateral

Front 63

lateral corticospinal tract crosses at

Back 63

medulla

Front 64

results in ____ motor deficits found below the lesion

Back 64

ipsilateral

Front 65

problems with lat corticospinal tract lesions

Back 65

spastic hemiparesis, hyperreflexia, clasp-knife spasticity, loss of superficial(abd and cremasteric) reflexes

Front 66

where does ventral corticospinal tract decussate

Back 66

spinal levels in the ventral white commissure

Front 67

what are its results

Back 67

spastic weakness of legs c difficulty walking

Front 68

results in mild contralateral motor deficit

Back 68

VCT lesion

Front 69

levels of fasciculi gracilis of the dorsal clolumn

Back 69

T6-S5

Front 70

level of fasciculi cuneatus

Back 70

C2-T6

Front 71

what conditions are seen in these sensory pathway lesions

Back 71

Vitamin B12 neuropathy and neurosyphilis

Front 72

loss of position and vibratory sense ipsilaterally below the lesion, urinary incontinence, constipation and impotence and romberg sign standing patient is more unsteady with eyes closed

Back 72

dorsal column sensory deficits