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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. jyouzu
2. tokui |
1. good, skilful (praise strangers only)
2. same (but can use 4 self, family & others) |
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1. heta
2. nigate |
poor at or weak in
only 'nigate' can be used in relation to SCHOOL SUBJECTS |
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1. koto
2. mono |
1. for abstract things, facts & matters e.g. that sort of thing is unreasonable
2. Something that physically exists (inanimate) e.g. a grain of rice, atom, food |
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-san
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Used for other people & their family (not for YOU or YOUR family)
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1te 2 verb.
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implies that you do action 1 before action 2 (IN ORDER). Not simply 'and' more like 'and then'
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te present verb
te past verb |
te has no tense of its own. (Same tense as the end of sentence)
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But or however
demo, ga, keredomo (keredo, kedo) |
'demo' must be used at start of separate sentence. Others join on to 'desu' of previous sentence.
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_wa_desu.
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both _ must be a noun.
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_,_, etc. or
things like _,_,_ |
_ya_ya_nado
(MUST remember 'nado') e.g. _ya_ya_nado no koto ... 'koto' things |
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takusan
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takusan NO [noun]
or [noun] ga takusan aru |
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kekkonshiteITE
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kekkonshiteimasu > kekkonshiteite (is currently married in te-form) kekkonshite not acceptable (will marry)
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Te-form + imasu
e.g. itteimasu |
Continuous action, things happening over a period of time e.g. live in Sydney = sundeimasu
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NI kayou
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to commute
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subject GA verb etc.
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GA emphasises word that comes before i.e. subject.
e.g. ame GA futteimasu. |
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subject WA verb etc.
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WA emphasises the word after i.e. the verb etc.
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Old sis is married, brother is not.
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NOT ane wa kekkonshiteite, ani wa NAI. (Brother doesn't exist) BUT ane wa kekkonshiteite, ani wa SHITEIMASEN.
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Write in a letter etc.
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tegami NI
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-tari form
(listing actions) |
e.g. shitari, tabetari
(actually present tense) |
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....deshita + kedo
.....tabemasu + kedo ....desu + kedo |
deshita-kedo
tabemasu-kedo desu-kedo (i.e. stem not matter just add on) |
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Use 'ga' if the verb that follows indicates ability. (not 'wo')
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e.g. ga shiteimasu
ga wakarimasu (not 'wo') |
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(ni) tsutometeimasu
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to work for
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takusan when used before a noun needs 'no' after it
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e.g. takusan no resutoran wo keieisuru
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Differences between: desu +
-ga - keredomo - keredo -kedo |
^academic (ga)
v colloquial (other 3) |
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"Hexam" to iu kougai
What is 'to'? |
To is the quotation marks. It puts the marks on the preceding word.
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I'll go and do something in English = ... (in Japanese)
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I'll do something and come back/return
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Writing: where the small tsu & punctuation marks go in the boxes?
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Vertical writing: Divide into 4 boxes. Marks go in Upper right box.
Horizontal: Lower left box. |
