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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Defense Mechanisms for GI tract against bacterial infection
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1. unbroken mucus epithelium
2. Acidity 3. Bile 4. Mucus 5. Normal Flora 6. Peyer's Patches(produce immune cells) 7. Glycoprotein(antiintracellular invasion) |
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Stomach Infections:
Disease? Pathogen? characteristics of pathogen |
1. Gastritis, Gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, gastric adenocrinomas
2. H. Pylori, only bacteria able to withstand pH less that 1.0 |
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H. Pylori
Gram and shape? O2? Vaccines? Virulence factors? |
-Gram negative bacilli
-Microaerophile -No vaccines -Flagella: corkscrew Mucinase: degrades gastric mucus Urease: hydrolyze local urea to CO2+ Ammonia, Ammonia neutralizes local environment |
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intestine infections
Disease? bacterial pathogens? |
-Diarrhea(most common Gi disease)
-Food-poisoning bacteria |
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Ways of food poisoning?
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-Food intoxication: toxins
-Food infection: bacteria growth |
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Food intoxication Bacteria?
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Cereus Black Bottled our Perfume
Staph Aureus Bacillus Cereus Clostridium perfringens Clostridium botulinum |
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Food infection Bacteria?
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Yersinia entered camp vibrio, and enlisted cold-hearted salmon, shiba dogs
Listeria Monocytogenes Escherirchia coli salmonella shigella yersinia enterocolitica vibrio Campylobacter |
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Staph aureus:
gram shape? flora of? kind of pathogen? prevention? Disease? |
-gram positive cocci, grape clusters
-skin -nosocomial -hand washing -[CUTS]Cutaneous infection toxin-mediated systemic disease |
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Staph Aureus virulence factors
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1. Enzymes
2. Structures 3. Toxins: enterotoxin -responsible for staph food poisoning -heat stable(100C) -superantigen |
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Bacillus Cereus
gram/shape? found where? two types of food poisoning? -food? -Incubation? -Sx? -duration? -enterotoxin? |
-Gram positive, bacilli, spore former
-soil -Emetic: rice, <6, vomit, 9hrs, heat-stable -diarrheal:meat/vegis, >6, diarrhea, 24 hrs, heat labile |
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Clostridium
gram, shape found in? |
-Gram positive rod, spore former
-soil, water, sewage, GI tracts |
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C. perfingens vs. C botulinum
-toxins -types of foods -sx |
C perfin: heat labile entero, meat/poultry/sauce, gastroenteritis
C bot: botulinum toxin, home canned foods/honey, botulism(paralysis) |
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Listeria Mono
gram/shape found in? source of? agent of? |
-gram-postive rod
- soil, water, GI tract, vegetation, GI -refridgerateor and preserved food -listeriosis |
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L. Mono
viruclence factors |
-intracellular growth ability(invades macrofages, epithelial cells, fibroblast, avoiding antibody clearance)
-grow at low temp and high salt |
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Intracellular pathogens which are food poisoning bacteria
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LESSY
Listeria EIEC Salmonella Shigella Yersina |
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Enterobacteriacea Food infection bacteria
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YESS
Yersina E.coli Shigella Salmonella |
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The family of Enterobaceriacea
members? common characteristic? |
-YESS + proteus klebsiella(UTI)
-common enterobacterial antigen K-Capsid H-Flagella O-polysacharride |
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E.Coli
-O2, gram, shape -cause? -VIRULENCE FACTORS |
Gram negative rods, aerobic
gastroenteritis Exotoxins: shiga toxin, shiga-like toxin, heat labile, heat stable |
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Shiga toxin effect?
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Enterotoxin effect blocking absoprtion of electrolytes
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Heat-labile and cholera enterxoins cause blank via blank
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diarrhea via hypersecetion of water and electrolytes
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EAEC
invasive? toxin? disease? |
-non invasive
-ST like toxin(EAST) + hemolysin -diarrhea/inflam in children |
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ETEC
invasive? toxin? disease? |
-non
-LT/ST -travelers diarrhea |
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EPEC
invasive? toxin? sx from? |
-moderate
-attach/effacing -from bacteria not toxins |
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EHEC
invasive? toxin? disease? |
-moderate
-shigatoxin, A/E -hemolytic uremia -Ecoli O157H7(verotxoin = shiga) popeye? |
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EIEC
invasive? toxin? disease? |
-invasive, Fac/intracellular
-type III secretion -dysentery-->fatal |
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Salmonella
type of pathogen? acquired via? virulence? |
-primary-assoicated with disease
-contaminated food or fecal oral -tolerant to bile acids, intracellular growth, heat labile toxin(HIT) |
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Shigella
type of pathogen? serious/common type? causes? known as? |
-primary
-S. dysenteriae -shigellosis-bacillary dysentary(WBC/blood slough off) |
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Shigella Virulence:
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1. intracellular
2. Resistance to bile acids 3. Shiga toxin-->eneterotxoin effect blocking absopriton of electrolytes |
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Yersina:
species? contracted via? virulence? |
-Y. enterocolitica-less virulent enteric pathogen-->undercooked/raw pork
Y. Pestis: black death -1. intracellular 2. type IIIsecretion 3. low temp |
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Vibrio
gram/shape? temp? Temp range? ph? pathogen? |
gram negative straight
-14-40 -6 or lower sensitive -cholerae, parahaemolyticus(halophilic), vulnificus(halophilic) |
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Vibrio cholerae:
found in? person to person? toxin? etiologic agent? |
water
no cholera enterotoxin A/B rice-water stool |
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V parahaemolyticus/vulnificus
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-halophilic
-ingestion of undercooked shellfish/raw oysters |
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Campypylobacter jejuni:
gram/shape virulence? known as? |
-penetrate mucus barrier, with a -corkscrew motion penetrate mucus barrier
-Most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in US |
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C-diff
pathogen type? diseases? virulence? |
-antibiotic assoicated diarrhea(AAD)
-antibotic induced pseudomembranous colitis - exo A: increase perm of intestinal wall -exo B(cytotoxin): damage mucosa and cause pseudomembrane |
