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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Are systemic mycoses caused by yeasts or molds?
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both
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What 4 Yeasts cause systemic mycoses?
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Cryptococcus neoformans
Geotrichum Candida Torulopsis |
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What 3 molds cause systemic mycoses?
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-Nocardia
-Aspergillus fumigatus -Zygomycetes (rhiz/mucor/absdia) |
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which species mostly causes aspergillosis?
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Aspergillus fumigatus
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What type of disease does Aspergillus fumigatus cause? Where does it come from?
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inhaled pulmonary disease.
from spores in the soil |
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What does Nocardia cause?
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pulmonary pneumonia
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What species cause Zygomycosis?
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Z. rhizopus
Z. mucor Z. absidia |
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What in general are the Classical fungal systemic mycoses?
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Dimorphic fungi
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what are the 4 dimorphic fungi that cause systemic mycoses?
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Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Coccidioides immitis |
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What should you always think when you see a fungus on a plate?
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CAUTION!! very very contagious if in the mycelial phase.
flood mold w/ sterile saline to prevent airborne pathogen |
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what causes histoplasmosis?
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histoplasma capsulatum
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how is histoplasmosis transmitted?
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by the inhalation of bird droppings
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what is the pathology of histoplasmosis?
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it lives in macrophages.
-Causes a lung infection similar to TB. May disseminate to liver/spleen |
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What is the morphology of H. capsulatum at
-25 deg. C? -37 deg. C? |
Mycelial - Tuberculate macroconidia (resembls TB too)
Yeast - cells; insignificant |
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What causes N. American Blastomycosis?
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Blastomyces dermatitidis
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what is n. american blastomycosis?
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an upper respiratory disease that can disseminate to the skin or bone.
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how is n. american blastomycosis transmitted?
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by the inhalation of soil
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What is the morphology of B. dermatitidis?
-25 -37 |
25: nondiagnostic microconidia.
37: BROADBASE BUDDING - thick walled cells. |
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what causes south american blastomycosis?
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paracoccidioides brasiliensis
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what is s. american blastomycosis?
2 symptoms: |
an infection of mucus membranes that may disseminate to the internal organs/lungs.
mouth lesions nose lesions |
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how is Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis transmitted?
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via the soil
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what is the diagnostic morphology of paracoccidiodes brasiliensis?
what is the morphology of the other phase? |
-Multiple budding off very thick walled cells at 37 degrees
-Chlamydoconidia at 25 |
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what causes valley fever?
in whom is it found? |
san joaquin valley fever is caused by Coccidiodes immitis.
dark skinned people - it disseminates to the CNS |
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How is Coccidioides immitis transmitted?
What is the pathology of Coccidiomycosis? |
transmit via inhalation in dry, arid soil.
starts as a lung infection that disseminates to the skin, possibly CNS in dark people |
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Valley fever is endemic in what region?
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Southwest.
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What is the diagnostic morphology of Coccidioides immitis?
special growth feature? |
barrel-shaped arthrospores at 25'C;
Yeast phase only grows in vivo; sporangium seen here. |
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What are cells of Coccidioides immitis like in the yeast phase?
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filled with spores - sporangia
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What are 3 antibacterials used to treat systemic mycoses?
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1. Amphotericin B
2. 5-Fluorocytosine 3. Ketoconazole |
