Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe the histology of the gastric fundus.
|
* Parietal Cells - HCl, Intrinsic Factor
* Chief Cells - Pepsinogen * Enterochromaffin Like Cells (histamine, peptide hormones) |
|
|
Describe the histology of the gastric antrum/plylorus.
|
* Gastrin production (G-Cells)
|
|
|
What factors are associated with ACUTE gastritis?
|
* NSAIDs use
* bile reflux * psychological stress * Ischemic |
|
|
Give a gastric-focused differential for epigastric pain.
|
* GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
* Gastritis - H. pylori * Gastritis - drug or bile reflux (reactive gastropathy) * Gastric lymphoma * Gastric carcinoma * Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) |
|
|
What pathologies are associated with ACUTE gastritis?
|
Acute pathologies are associated with erosion/mucous disruption:
* subepithelial hemorrhages * hemorrhagic erosions * ulcers |
|
|
What pathologic process is typically associated with CHRONIC gastritis?
|
Chronic gastritis is typically inflammatory (infectious or autoimmune).
* H. pylori * Pernicious anemia |
|
|
What are the SXS of H. pylori-associated Diffuse Antral Gastritis?
|
* Epigastric Px
* Dyspepsia (px relived by eating) * Asymptomatic |
|
|
What are the histologic characteristics of H. pylori diffuse antral gastritis?
|
* Chronic inflammatory infiltrate
* Neutrophils in the epithelium * H. plyori easily seen |
|
|
What are the possible complications from H. pylori associated diffuse antral gastritis?
|
* Duodenal and pyloric ulcers (mechanism unclear)
* Pangastritis, atrophy, hyochlorhydria * Gastric cancer (adenocarcinoma) |
|
|
What is the treatment of choice for H. pylori-associated diffuse antral gastritis?
|
H. pylori eradication
|
|
|
What is MALT?
|
Mucosa-Associated-Lymphoid-Tissue
|
|
|
Describe the pathology of Peptic Ulcer
|
* Most often occur at or near the lesser curvature (antral/pre-pyloric)
* NOT a cancer precursor lesion |
|
|
How might peptic ulcers form?
|
* H. pylori-mediated: bacterial proteases/ureases break down gastric mucosa
* Mucous proton defect with resulting injury to gastric mucosa * Bile-salt induced gastritis -> gastric ulceration |
|
|
What are the risk factors for gastric carcinoma?
|
* Male sex
* Age >50 years * Japanese race * H pylori infection * pernicious anemia |
|
|
What are the three types of gastric cancer?
|
1) Adenocarcinoma (most common)
2) Lymphoma 3) Stromal |
|
|
How do NSAIDs cause a reactive gastritis?
|
Inhibition of gastric prostaglandins, which is responsible for promoting gastric mucous and bicarb release.
|
|
|
Morphologically, how does a gastric adenocarcinoma present?
|
Gastric ACA may present as a bulky polypoid mass or diffusely infiltrating lesion.
|
|
|
Describe a Gastric Lymphoma
|
* Strong H pylori association
* Better prognosis * Most are B-Cell MALTomas * Many respond to H pylori eradication |
