Synovial Joint Types And Movement Types

Front 1

plane

Back 1

gliding, flat or slightly curved surface.
-Ex: intercarpal joints, intertarsal joints, vertebrocostal joints of ribs

Front 2

hinge

Back 2

round process of bone fits into concave part of another bone, uniaxial.
-Ex:elbow (trochlear and trochlear notch), interphalangeal joints

Front 3

pivot

Back 3

rounded surface lines up with a shallow depression, uniaxial.
-Ex: head of radius fitting capitulum causing twisting arm movement

Front 4

condyloid

Back 4

condyle of one bone fits into the depression of another bone, biaxial.
Ex: radiocarpal(wrist) joint, knuckles

Front 5

sadddle

Back 5

convex surface on one bone fitting into the concave surface of another bone, saddle shaped, biaxial.
-Ex: joint between thumb

Front 6

ball and socket

Back 6

ball-shaped head of one bone fits into a cuplike depression of another, multiaxial.
-Ex: shoulder and hip joints

Front 7

ligament

Back 7

bone to bone connection

Front 8

tendon

Back 8

muscle to bone connection

Front 9

origin

Back 9

the immovable or less movable attachment in a moving synovial joint

Front 10

insertion

Back 10

the movable attachment in a moving synovial joint

Front 11

flexion

Back 11

decrease the angle of a joint; ex. bending the knee or elbow, bending at the hip

Front 12

extension

Back 12

increase the angle of a joint; ex. straightening the elbow or knee

Front 13

hyperextension

Back 13

the extension is greater than 180 degrees; ex. rolling head back, knuckles all the way back, bending trunk backward

Front 14

abduction

Back 14

moving the limb away from the midline; ex. spreading fingers, opening legs

Front 15

adduction

Back 15

moving the limb towards the midline; ex. drawing fingers together, closing legs

Front 16

rotation

Back 16

moving a limb around it's axis without disturbing the medial and lateral stance. ex. twisting a leg laterally or medially while still facing forward

Front 17

circumduction

Back 17

when a limb moves in a full circle. ex. ball and socket arm, knuckles

Front 18

pronation

Back 18

movement of palm from anterior upward facing position to a posterior downward facing position

Front 19

supination

Back 19

movement of palm from posterior downward facing position to an anterior upward facing position

Front 20

inversion

Back 20

the medial moving of the foot

Front 21

eversion

Back 21

the lateral movement of the foot

Front 22

dorsiflexion

Back 22

flexing the ankle so one is standing on their heal

Front 23

plantar flexion

Back 23

moving the ankle downward so one is standing on their tippy toes or pointing their toes