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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what neurons are functionally connected by
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synapses
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junction transfers from neuron to this or that
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another neuron or effector cell
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presynaptic neuron
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impulse is going towards synapse; sends information
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postsynaptic neuron
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impulse is going away from synapse; receives information.
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what kind of unit the postsynaptic neuron can be in PNS
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neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell
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function of chemical synapses
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releases and receives neurotransmitters
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presynaptic neuron's relation to neurotransmitters
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synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters
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postsynaptic neurons relation to neurotransmitters
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neurotransmitter receptor on dendrite or cell body
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function of the synaptic cleft
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prevents impulse passing directly from one neuron to another
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three ways that neurotransmitters are taken away
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diffusion, enzymatic degradation, and reuptake
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synaptic delay
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the slowest step of neural transmission
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the strength of the graded potential in neurotransmitter receptors is affected by these two things
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1) amount of neurotransmitter released
2) time neurotransmitter stays in area |
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EPSP
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makes membrane potential more positive; towards threshold;
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IPSP
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makes membrane potential more negative; away from threshold.
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when more sodium comes in that potassium goes out
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EPSP, not AP
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what does EPSP do
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it triggers AP
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when membrane is more permeable to potassium
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IPSP
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what does IPSP do
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makes the inside more negative
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can single EPSP induce AP
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no it cannot
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how EPSP can influence postsynaptic influence
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it must summate and be dominant
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temporal summation
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a short amount of time between impulses
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spatial summation
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many terminals stimulated at the same time
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channels that start graded potential
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chemical and mechanically gated channels
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channels that start action potential
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voltage gated channels
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where graded potential takes place
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cell body and dendrites
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where action potential happens
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axon hillock and axon
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the presence of positive feedback cycle in graded potential
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absent
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the presence of positive feedback cycle in action potential
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present
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