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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Foundations of Islam |
Monotheistic Prophetic Quran |
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Five Pillars of Islam |
1. Shahada 2. Salat 3. Zakat 4. Sawm 5. Hajj |
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Shahada |
Testimony and declaration of faith "There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God" |
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Zakat |
Almsgiving (charitable donation) All things belong to God "purification" "growth" must give 2.5% of income |
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Salat |
Mandatory prayer 5 times a day Wash before prayer Face Mecca and use prayer rug |
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Sawm |
fasting during Ramadan no eating or drinking from sunrise to sunset |
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Hajj |
pilgrimage to Mecca 6 days at least once in a Muslim life |
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Ramadan |
ask for forgiveness, guidance, purification Eid Mubarak--> End of Ramadan |
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Islam a cultural Movement? |
Arabic language unified people across the region translated science and philosophy from Greek |
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3 Holiest Cities in Islam? |
Mecca Medina Jerusalem |
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Easy Spread of Islam? |
monotheism belonging to no single tribe equal no priests/ intermediates United- no vendettas violence against others rather than selves no persecution prepare for judgement day |
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Sunni |
believed in Abu-bakkar- capable after Muhammad no hereditary privelage Majority |
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Shia |
leader should stay in family- Ali leadership roles given to Imams (saints) Iran, Iraq, Bahrain |
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Impacts of the Crusades? |
connection east and west lost respect for Europe accelerated Islamic conservatism undermined tradition of tolerance |
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Napoleon effects on SW Asia? |
shock realized weak states |
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Middle East and European Status over time |
flipped Middle East became less developed Europe surpassed Middle East |
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WWII to Ottoman Empire? |
Divided up Turkey broken- colonies taken by Britain and France |
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France and Britain in Middle East (Post WWI) |
Wanted to cause revolts in Arabian Peninsula and seize Iraq, Seria, and Palestine Sykes Picot Agreement |
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Sykes Picot Agreement |
France and Britain carved up middle East into spheres of influence for their coutries |
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Effect of Oil |
increased US influence Countries became upper middle class raised foreign investment - money for modernization - build lasting industries disparities between oil rich and oil poor companies |
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OPEC? |
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries coordinate and unify petroleum policies ensure stabilization of oil marketshelp consumers and producers fair return on capital for investors |
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US after WWII? |
Persian Gulf Oil Support and Protection of Israel |
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SW Asian View of US |
consistently sided with Israel, and supported coup in Iran Arabs believed US wanted Status Quo Conservatism Opposed Arab immunity |
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Turkey, Persia, Iran Modern? |
Islamic fundamentalism wants EU membership controls Bosphorus and Dardanelles Persia and Iran- struggle with traditional rulers Ayatollah Khomeini War with Iraq left Iran weak put down by government questioned US policies |
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Gamal Abdel Nasser? |
nationalist colonel who wanted to consolidate power in Egypt Established a monarchy wanted connection with outside world dictator |
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Regional Issues? |
oil reserves Islamism Israel vs neighbors |
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Political Islam and the West? |
secret police and violence fear |
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Ayatollah Khomeini |
founder of Islamic Republic of Iran lead 1979 Iranian Revolution opposed ties to west- overthrew shah anti western bc shah got medical treatement |
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US invasion of Iraq 2003? |
Saddam Hussein fear of weapons of mass destruction Had to stay in Iraq to contain Sunnis vs. Shias |
