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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the 6 digestive processes |
1. ingestion 2. propulsion 3. mechanical digestion 4. chemical digestion 5. absorption 6. defecation |
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Compare mechanical digestion and chemical digestion |
- Mechanical digestion breaks foodstuffs into smaller, well-mixed pieces
- Chemical digestion requires enzymes that break chemical bonds between atoms |
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Where does most mechanical digestion occur? |
In the mouth and stomach |
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Where does most chemical digestion occur? |
In the duodenum of the small intestine |
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Where does most nutrient absorption occur? |
In the duodenum and jejunum of the small intestine |
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What are the three main nutrients in our diet? |
-carbohydrates -proteins -fats (lipids) |
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What enzymes were specifically mentioned that chemically break down each main nutrient? |
carbohydrates - salivary amylase and pancreatic amylase
proteins - proteases and pepsin
fats (lipids) - lipases |
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For each nutrient, list the location(s) where it is chemically digested. |
carbohydrates - mouth and duodenum
proteins - stomach and duodenum
fats (lipids) - duodenum |
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What organ produces enzymes to chemically digest each nutrient? |
pancreas |
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Compare segmentation and peristalsis. Give an example of where and why each occurs. |
segmentation - mixes back and forth / occurs primarily in the intestines to ensure adequate nutrient digestion and absorption
peristalsis - just pushes forward / occurs throughout the GI tract to keep things moving forward |
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What are the components of feces? |
-fiber
-bacteria
-water |
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What would feces be like if too much water is absorbed? |
hard (i.e., constipation)
-this also sometimes happens when food moves too slowly through the GI tract |
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What would feces be like if not enough water is absorbed? |
watery (i.e., diarrhea)
-this also sometimes happens when food moves too quickly through the GI tract |
