Suzanne's Nervous System Neuron Review

Front 1

What are the 3 types of neurons and what do each of them do?

Back 1

*Sensory neurons which carry impulses to the central nervous system
*Interneurons which carry impulses within the central nervous system
*Motor neurons which carry impulses from the central nervous system to effectors

Front 2

What is neurilemma?

Back 2

It is the delicate membrane that surrounds the axon of nerve cells. It promotes the regeneration of damaged axons.

Front 3

Describe the function of the myelin sheath?

Back 3

The myelin sheath is a fatty covering over the axon of a nerve cell.

Front 4

What two positively charged ions are constantly flowing into and out of the resting neuron?

Back 4

Potassium(K+) and Sodium(Na+)

Front 5

State the differences between polarized, depolarization, and repolarization?

Back 5

*Polarized membranes are charged membranes. Polarization is caused by the unequal distribution of positively charged ions.
*Depolarization is caused by the diffusion of sodium ions into the nere cell. Excess positive ions are found inside the nerve cell.
*Repolarization is a process in which the original polarity of the nerve membrane is restored. Excess positive ions are found outside the nerve membrane.

Front 6

_________ _______ is the recovery time required before a neuron can produce another action potential?

Back 6

Refractory period

Front 7

The nervous system can be divided down into two main divisions: the central nervous system(CNS) or the peripheral nervous system(PNS). Describe the difference between these two systems?

Back 7

*The central nervous system contains the nerves of the brain and the spinal cord. The central nervous system acts as a coordinating center for incoming and outgoing information.
*The peripheral nervous system carries information between the organs of the body and the central nervous system.

Front 8

The resting membrane(unstimulated neuron) normally has a charge near ___mV;however, when activated, the same membrane registered ___mV. The reversal of this charge is called an ____________ ________?

Back 8

-70mV, +40mV, an action potential

Front 9

What is a threshold level?

Back 9

It is the minimum level of a stimulus required to produce a response.

Front 10

Nerve cells respond to changes in what four things?

Back 10

*pH
*pressure
*specific chemicals
*or most commonly in laboratorysettings by electrical shock