Sustainable Cities

Front 1

What is the four basic ways a city can be seen as sustainable.

Back 1

Cities need to adapt quickly to new technologies and conserve their consumption of food, energy and water. Full equality for all citizens in terms of rights such as equal education and protection through laws. People can decide how the city is run.

Front 2

What is the Gini index? Can you name any countries and their gini value?

Back 2

The gini index measures the level of income that is spread across the entire country in the form of taxation. It measures between 1 which is total inequality and 0 which is absolutely equal. Sweden is the lowest with 0,25 compared with the highest which is Sierra Leone with 0.63.

Front 3

What is urban sprawl? Why isn't it sustainable?

Back 3

Los Angles is a city with such a high urban sprawl and now makes up such a large conurbation it is now mega and is called SoCal. Or South California. This is not sustainable due to public transport emitting pollution and destruction of habitat to build low density housing instead of high density.

Front 4

Name a compact city.

Back 4

Curitiba in Brazil is a compact city and has seen large decreases with up to 75% of commuters using public transport with 85% of residents or 1.3 million use the bus at least once every day. However, it is not all good with the poor living away from public transport links and shanty towns are starting to sprawl.

Front 5

What are innovation cities and how are they more environmentally friendly?

Back 5

Concerto is a European movement which aims to reduce CO2 consumption of the continent by 320,000 tonnes per year. The Ruhr is already been converted through energy saving methods and is expected to decrease from 412,000 tonnes to 200,000 tonnes through insulation and cheaper ways for energy.

Front 6

When were green belts made? Also Evaluate it's success using case studies

Back 6

It was set up in 1937 to prevent urban sprawl occurring due to a growth of suburbanisation. It was successfull to an extent with development occuring in more brownfield sites then green field sites. Since 1955 London's green belt has extended significantly, stretching some 35 miles out in places. London's green belt now covers an area of 516,000 hectares, an area broadly three times larger than that of London itself.Slough and other towns grew after the war as a sign of leapfrogging and is one of the largest industrial estate in private ownership in Europe.

Front 7

True or false, urbanisation reduces poverty and social exclusion?

Back 7

Both! In LEDC'S the informal sector is prevelant with 25% and 50% of people which are shanty towns. It is true for MEDC'S but is mainly dependent on the economy with the 2009 financial crisis causing a rise in crime,

Front 8

Why isn't Chennai a sustainable country?

Back 8

5% have no acces to toilet so typhoid and cholera is prevelant. Also equality is bad between the genders with the highest rate of womans violence. 55% of people work in the informal sector where inequality, squalor and poverty occur due to below minimu wages.

Front 9

Why are architects important for a city to become sustainable?

Back 9

Like in Madarsar, large insulation or quick heatloss allows areas to no longer require heating or air conditoning and can cut up to 50% of energy in certain areas.

Front 10

In terms of water, how are cities becoming more sustainable?

Back 10

Waster processing such as the beginning of biodegradable plastics since there not made of crude oil and prevent landfills being made. Also the use of grey water for farmlands allow recyclabe water and fecal water to be sterlisised through ponds of bacteria which are recylced onto crops such as in China as a whole and Kolkata in India.

Front 11

Why do cities suffer from pressure to improve the quality of life?

Back 11

Because people sometimes maintain agricultural techniques such as burning wood and coal in the middle of a house. When all houses are doing it in shanty areas then resperatory diseases occur which kill people if medical attention is not free nor cheap.

Front 12

Name a factor in london that has increased sustainabillity in the CDB.

Back 12

The factor involved is pedestrianised areas in the city centre forcing people to use public transportation. Also the building of gardens improve not only improves peoples quality of life, but also increases the carbon sink. The cycle plan now means people don't need to own bikes since they can just rent one which is cheaper then congestion charge for the outer CBD.

Front 13

What investments have Masdar city gained?

Back 13

In 2015, the IRNEA or International, Renewable, Energy, Agencyw was set up their which is a part of M.I.T or (massechusets institiute of technology) the highest ranking university in the world. If Masdar is a success it can't be repeated. This is because the the united arab emirates is the most wealthiest country in the world with few welfare capabilities due to muslims living their giving their money to charity as part of their five pillars of faith anyway. This means that the likes of the UK will never be able to fund it due to such a high cost.

Front 14

Whta is the SCP and what does it strive to remove from cities?

Back 14

The United Nations environment programme and is currently working in Chennai.it aims to reduce pollution of waterways due to high amounts of water borne disease. inadequete water sipply, and pollution by chemical and leather industries.