Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Biological/Diet techniques (2)
|
1. colon hydro therapist
2. herbalist |
|
|
Alternative medical therapy intended to remove feces and nonspecific toxins from the colon and intestinal tract
|
colon hydrotherapy
colon cleansing may take the form of colon hydrotherapy (also called a colonic or colonic irrigation) or oral cleansing regiments such as dietary supplements |
|
|
Some use enemas to inject water, sometimes mixed with herbs or with other liquids, into the colon via the rectum using special equipment
Oral cleaning regimes use dietary fiber, herbs, dietary supplements, or laxatives |
colon hydrotherapy
|
|
|
Accumulations of putrefied feces line the walls of the large intestine and (it is thought) that these accumulations harbor parasites or pathogenic gut flora, causing nonspecific symptoms and general ill-health
|
colon hydrotherapy
|
|
|
this auto-intoxication* hypothesis is based on medical beliefs of the ancient egyptians and greeks
|
colon hydrotherapy
|
|
|
A person whose life is dedicated to the economic or medicinal uses of plants.
One skilled in the harvesting and collection of medicinal plants. |
herbalist
|
|
|
One who is trained or skilled at the DISPENSING of herbal prescriptions; traditional Chinese herb doctor
One who is trained or skilled in the DISPENSING of herbal prescriptions in the Ayurvedic tradtion One skilled or trained in the therapeutic use of medicinal plants. |
Traditional Chinese Herbalist
Traditional Ayurvedic herbalist Herbalist |
|
|
Allopathic: Internal Medicine
|
Cardiology
intensive care dermatology endocrinology geriatrics hematology infectious disease nephrology neurology oncology osteopathic otolaryngology pediatrics podiatry pulmonology rheumatology sleep disorders urology |
|
|
The type of medicine most familiar to westerners today. It is a biologically based approach to healing. For instance, if a pt has high blood pressure, this kind of physician might give him/her a drug that lowers blood pressure
|
Allopathic medicine
|
|
|
This type of medicine's popularity is due to successful scientific progress including the production of certain vaccines and development of specific drugs that treat disease.
|
Allopathic medicine
|
|
|
What developed as an enabling discipline to allopathic medicine, helping it to achieve and maintain its dominance thru many successful treatments and cures?
|
Pharmaceuticals
|
|
|
Mental illness and emotional disorders are usually seen as either brain disease, or, in earlier allopathic practices, as character flaws
|
MIND
|
|
|
Physicians seek to treat these disorders by affecting brain physiology with pharmaceuticals or with counseling or behavior modification
allopathic medicine does not initially emphasize the mind's impact on health or healing |
mind
|
|
|
Medical specialty dealing with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of adult diseases
|
Internal medicine
|
|
|
early allopaths follow in Descartes' footsteps, holding a mechanical view of the body and separating it into component parts
they look for physical causes for disease and seek to name, define and treat specific illnesses |
body
|
|
|
Physicians who combined the science of the laboratory with the care of patients
|
internal medicine doctors
|
|
|
kept largely separate from health and healing matters.
Is usually viewed as a non-scientific approach to health and healing |
spirit
|
|
|
Subspecialists; that is, they generally limit their medical practice to problems of ONE organ system or to ONE particular area of medical knowledge
|
internists
|
|
|
Have a lengthy clinical/scientific training in their areas of medical interest and have special expertise in the use of px drugs or other medical therapies (as opposed to surgery)
|
internists
|
|
|
Medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis and medical treatment of adults.
Minimum of 7 years in med school and postgrad training are focused on learning the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of adults |
internal medicine
|
|
|
Subspecialties of internal medicine include: (be able to list these)
|
allergy and immunology
cardiology (heart) endocrinology (hormone disorders) hematology (blood disorders) infection diseases gastroenterology (diseases of the gut) nephrology (kidney) oncology (cancer) pulmonology (lung) rheumatology (arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders) |
|
|
Medical specialty dealing with disorders of the heart
|
cardiology
|
|
|
this field includes diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart diseases, and electrophysiology
|
cardiology
|
|
|
ONLY offered to those whose condition is potentially reversible and who have a good chance of surviving
|
Intensive Care
|
|
|
Intensive care patients may require support for what kinds of things?
|
hemodynamic instability, airway/respiratory compromise, acute renal failure, potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias, or cumulative effects of multiple organ system failure. May also be admitted for intensive/invasive moinotorying such as the crucial hours after major surgery when deemed too unstable to transfer to a less intensively monitored unit
|
|
|
Generally, the most expensive, technologically advanced and resource-intensive area of medical care. In the US, estimates of the 2000 expenditure for medicine ranged from US $15-55 billion accounting for about 0.5% of GDP and about 13% of national health care expenditure
|
intensive care
|
|
|
usually takes a system by system approach to treatment, rather than the SOAP (which stands for?) approach of high dependency care.
|
SOAP: subjective, objective, analysis (assessment), plan
|
|
|
The nine key systems are each considered on an observation-intervention-impression basis to produce a daily plan. As well as the key systems, intensive care treatment also raises other issues including psychological health, pressure points, mobilization and physiotherapy, and secondary infections. Name 3/9
|
Nine key IC systems are:
1. Cardiovascular system 2. Central nervous system 3. Endocrine system 4. Gastrointestinal tract (and nutritional condition) 5. hematology 6. microbiology (including sepsis status) 7. peripheries (and skin) 8. renal (and metabolic) 9. respiratory system |
|
|
Focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the skin
|
dermatology
|
|
|
The study of the glands that produce and secrete hormones that control and regular nearly all of the body's functions.
|
Endocrinology
|
|
|
Diabetics are often treated by an endocrinologist, as are patients with various thyroid issues.
|
Endocrinology
|
|
|
The medical specialty which focuses on the care and treatment of the elderly, usually patients who are 65 years of age or older.
|
Geriatrics.
A physician often called a geriatrician. They have trained as family practitioners or internists initially. May work in a hospital, hospice, medical office, nursing home, or in a combination of several of these medical facilities. |
|
|
Diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant disorders of the skin, mouth, external genitalia, hair, and nails. Skin cancers, melanomas, moles and other tumors of the skin, contact dematitis and other manifestations of systemic infectious diseases are treated.
|
dermatology
|
|
|
also includes management of cosmetic disorders of the skin, such as hair loss and scars. Treatment methods include medications that are externally applied, injected, or taken orally; selected x-ray and ultraviolet light therapy and surgery
|
dermatology
|
|
|
evaluation and treatment of disorders of the internal glands, such as the thyroid and adrenal glands.
also deals with such illness as diabetes, metabolic and nutritional disorders, pituitary diseases and menstrual and sexual problems. |
endocrinology
|
|
|
The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and disorders of the elderly, including comprehensive care management of patients with multiple disabilities such as dementia, diabetes, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular conditions, osteoporosis, and arthritis.
|
geriatrics
|
|
|
Geriatrics schooling
|
additional 1-2 years of fellowship training after family medical degree
|
|
|
Medical specialty focusing on blood disorders/malignancies.
Leukemia, lymphoma, and sickle-cell anemia are just a few of the conditions that are treated by these doctors |
hematologists and oncology
|
|
|
diagnosis and treatment of human solid tumors
|
oncology-hematology
|
|
|
certain diseases treated by hematology/oncology
|
hodgkin's disease, non-hodgkin's lymphoma, myeloproliferative disorders, myelodysplastic syndromes, thalassemias, leukemias, sickle-cell anemia and hemophilia.
|
|
|
Outpatient and inpatient admin of chemo, colony stimulating factors, IV fluids and antibiotics. Hospital-based blood product transfusions.
Coordinating with surgical and radiation specialists, including combined modality chemo-radiotherapy |
hematology/oncology
|
|
|
Disorders of the kidney and related body fluid and chem imbalances diagnosed and treated.
Dialysis of body wastes, when kd do not function, is administered. consultations are conducted with surgeons about kd transplants in appropriate situations |
nephrology
|
|
|
What reasons to be admitted to a nephrologist?
|
acute renal failure
chronic kidney disease hematuria (blood in urine) proteinuria (protein in urine) kidney stones chronic/recurrent UTIs Hypertension (that has failed to respond to other medicine) Electrolyte disorders or acid/base imbalance Urological needs diseases of the bladder/prostate |
|
|
Medical specialty focusing on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the brain and nervous system
|
Neurology
|
|
|
medical doctor or osteopath who has trained in the diagnosis and treatment of nervous sys disorders including diseases of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles
|
neurologist
|
|
|
perform examinations of the nerves of the head and neck, muscle strength and movement, balance, ambulation, reflexes, sensation, memory, speech, language and other cognitive abilities
|
neurologists
|
|
|
Neurologist's education
|
at least 12 years
|
|
|
Neurological tests
|
CAT
MRI/MRA lumbar puncture (spinal tap) EEG EMG/NCV |
|
|
neurologists treat
|
strokes, epilepsy, alzheimer's, parkinson's, ms, and spinal cord disorders
|
|
|
Today 1/5 med students are training to be
|
osteopaths
|
|
|
Can choose any specialty, prescribe any drugs, perform surgeries, and practice medicine anywhere in the US. Provide all of the benefits of modern medicine and the use of technology to diagnose disease and evaluate injury. Also hands-on diagnosis
|
osteopaths
|
|
|
Founded by guy who promotes body's innate ability to heal itself
|
osteopathy
|
|
|
key concept is treating the whole person and that structure influences function. Thus, if there is a problem in one part of the body's structure, function in that area, and possibly in other areas, may be affected.
|
osteopathy
|
|
|
medical specialty known as ENT
|
ears, nose, throat; otolaryngology
|
|
|
oldest medical specialty in the US
|
otolaryngology
|
|
|
Not all are allergists; trained in the medical and surgical management and treatment of patients with diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, throat, and related structures of the head and neck.
|
otolaryngologists
|
|
|
perform both cosmetic plastic and reconstructive surgeries
|
otolaryngologists
|
|
|
how many years to start practicing as an otolaryngologist?
|
15 years
|
|
|
8 subspecialties of otolaryngology
|
pediatric otolaryngology
otology/neurology (ears, balance, tinnitus) allergy facial plastic and reconstructive surgery head and neck laryngology rhinology sleep --some otolaryngologists limit their practice to one of these |
|
|
kids
|
pediatrics
|
|
|
feet
|
podiatry
|
|
|
podiatry specialties
|
surgery
sports medicine biomechanics geriatrics pediatrics orthopedics primary care |
|
|
Medical doctor with specialty training in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases, asthma, and diseases of the immune system.
|
allergist/immunologist
11 years of school |
|
|
This medicine has evolved to treat conditions that pose a threat to life, limb, or have significant risk or morbidity. A field of practice based on the knowledge and skills required for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of acute and urgent aspects of illness and injury affecting patients of all age groups with a full spectrum of undifferentiated physical and behavioral disorders. It further encompasses an understanding of the development of pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency medical systems and the skills necessary for this development
|
emergency medicine
|
|
|
The (2) surgical specialties dealing with the female reproductive organs. Often combined to form a single medical specialty or postgraduate training program.
Having both titles allows for the person to be adept at the surgical management of the entire scope of clinical pathology involving female reproductive organs, and to provide care for both pregnant and non-pregnant patients |
Obstetrics/Gynecology
|
|
|
Medicine branch dealing with the anatomy, physiology, and diseases of the eye. Both surgical and medical specialists*
|
Ophthalmology
|
|
|
Medical or comfort care that reduces the severity of a diseases or slows its progress rather than providing a cure. For incurable diseases when the cure is not recommended due to other health concerns or when the patient does not with to pursue a cure.
|
Palliative care
|
|
|
If surgery cannot be performed to remove a tumor, radiation treatment might be tried to reduce its rate of growth and pain management could help the patient manage physical symptoms.
In a negative sense, provision only of perfunctory health care when a cure is possible (perfunctory: getting thru something with minimal effort) |
Palliative care
|
|
|
Medical specialty concerned with the correction or restoration of form and function.
|
Plastic surgery
While famous for aesthetic surgery, also includes many reconstructive surgery: hand, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns |
|
|
Medical and nursing care recommended for women before and during pregnancy. The aim of good prenatal care is to detect any potential problems early, to prevent them if possible (thru recommendations on adequate nutrition, exercise, vitamin intake, etc.) and to direct the woman to appropriate specialists, hospitals, etc. if necessary
|
prenatal/neonatal
Consists of: -monthly visits during the first two trimesters -biweekly from 28-36 weeks of pregnancy -weekly after week 36 -assessment of parental needs and family dynamics |
|
|
Scientific study of human or other animal mental functions and behaviors
|
psychology
social or behavioral psychologists |
|
|
Attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring underlying physiological and neurological processes
|
psychology
|
|
|
Medical specialty devoted to the study and treatment of mental disorders; including affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders.
|
Psychiatry
|
|
|
Based on the belief that the human body has an innate healing ability. These doctors teach their patients to use diet, exercise, lifestyle changes and cutting edge natural therapies to enhance their bodies' ability to ward off and combat disease.
|
Naturopathy
|
|
|
These doctors view their patient as complex, interrelated systems, not as a clogged artery or tumor. They craft comprehensive treatment plans that blend the best of modern medical science and traditional natural medical approaches to not only treat disease but restore health
|
Naturopath
Regular 4 year MD with another 4 years training in clinical nutrition, acupuncture, homeopathic medicine, botanical medicine, psychology, and counseling. |
|
|
Basic principles of naturopathy
|
Let nature heal
Identify and treat causes First, do no harm: use low-risk procedures and healing compounds; do not suppress symptoms; customize each diagnosis and treatment plan to fit each patient. Educate patients (doctors must be educators as well as physicians) Treat the whole person Prevent illness: "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure" naturopaths evaluate risk factors, heredity, and vulnerability to disease. |
|
|
Health profession that assesses and provides treatment to individuals to develop, maintain, and restore maximum movement and function throughout life. This includes providing treatment in circumstances where movement and function are threatened by aging, injury, disease, or environmental factors
|
Physical therapy
Physiotherapy |
|
|
Healthcare professional licensed to practice medicine with supervision of a licensed physician. Concerned with preventing, maintaining, and treating human illness and injury by providing a broad range of health care services that are traditionally performed by a physician. Conduct physical exams, diagnose and treat illnesses, order and interpret tests, counsel on preventative health care, assist in surgery, and write prescriptions
|
Physician's Assistants (PA)
|
|
|
Healthcare professional responsible for implementing the practice of nursing through the use of the nursing process in conjunction with other health care professionals. Work as patient advocates for the care and recovery of the sick and maintenance of their health. They use the nursing process to plan, assess, implement, and evaluate nursing care of the sick and injured.
|
Registered Nurse (RN)
Have a significantly expanded scope of practice, education and clinical training compared to that of a licensed practical nurse. |
|
|
ADPIE
|
Assess
Diagnose Plan Implement Evaluate |
|
|
Work in a variety of health care settings. Often found working under the supervision of physicians in clinics and hospitals, or in private home health care. In long term care facilities, they sometimes supervise nursing assistants and orderlies.
|
LPN's Licensed practical nurse (Or LVN: Licensed vocational nurse)
|
|
|
Assists individuals with healthcare needs with activities of daily living (ADLs) and provide bedside care--including basic nursing procedures--all under the supervision of a registered nurse (RN) or LPN
|
Certified nursing assistant CNA
|
