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140 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
When were fragments of the Shang Han Za Bing Lun collected and edited, and by whom? What are the two sections of the re-edited book?
Jing [Jin?] Dynasty by Wang Shuhe [dr. long's notes contradict others]
Shang Han Lun
Jin Gui Yao Lue
What wenbing physician developed the concept of Li Qi?
Wu Youke (Youxing)
What is the Narrow and Broad meaning of Shanghan?
N - external diseases caused by wind and cold

B - a general term for various external diseases caused by six exogenous pathogenic factors (wind, cold, heat, dampness,dryness and fire)
What is Li Qi, in the wenbing school?
pestilential qi
What are the Liujing and how are they understood in the Shanghan Lun?
Taiyang, Yangming, Shaoyang, Taiyin, Shaoyin and Jueyin, the six channels.
They mainly refer to physiological functions and pathological changes of Qi and blood in Zang-fu organs and channels and collaterals rather than their meridian structure.
What wen bing physician developed the system of San Jiao differentiation?
Wu Tang (Jutong)
What is Taiyang and where does defensive Qi come from?
Taiyang is mainly seen as the BL channel and organ, which stores the body's fluid and dominates the surface. Wei Qi is born from the food digested in the MJ, then the clear is collected in the LJ, which is steamed by the KD yang and finally is circulated at the surface via the LU dipersing it. It is cold water.
What wen bing physician made the thesis on damp heat disease?
Xue Xue
What is Yangming and it's main properties?
The ST channel & organ and the LI channel & organ. Yangming is more replete with Qi and blood than any other channel and has the brightest Yang Qi. They like to be open and descend. It is Dry Metal
Define wenbing with cause, pathogenesis and primary clinical features.
1. acute epidemic disease
2. fever as primary feature.
3. cause is warmth, heat or dampness.
4. preponderance of yang, damage to yin
5. develops rapidly with severe signs/symptoms
What is Shoayang and it's main properties?
The GB channel & organ and the TW channel & organ. They contain Ministerial fire, a kind of physiological fire which, along with the Junhuo (emperor fire), warm up the Zang-Fu organs and motivate their functional activities. It is believed that MF originates from the Mingmen and is stored in the LR,GB,TW. It is between Yang and Yin channels, and
What are the primary formulas for wenbing Wei level disease?
Sang Ju Ying
Yin Qiao San
What is Taiyin and it's main properties?
The SP channel & organ. Located in the Mid Jiao and abdomen, the SP exteriorly opens into the mouth and dominates muscles and extremities, and interiorly governs transportation and transformation of food to produce Qi and blood. First of 3 yin. It is dampness, but prefers dryness.
What are the primary formulas for wen bing xue level disease?
Xijiao Dihuang Tang
What is Shaoyin and it's main properties?
The HT channel & organ and the KD channel & organ. The HT is fire and dominates blood and vessels and houses the mind, while the KD is water and stores essence and source Qi. HT and KD work together to govern fire and water, Yin and Yang in the human body, support and restrain each other.
What is the primary formulas for the Ying level disease of Wen Bing?
Qing Ying Tang
What is Jueyin and it's mian properties?
The PC channel & organ and LR channel & organ. It means that Yin is on verge of extinction and the Yang initiates. LR stores blood and MF, likes maintain free flow of Qi. PC is the HT protector, it descends to warm KD, in turn, sends up water to cool HT and nourish LR.
What are the primary formulas for Wenbing Qi level disease?
Baihu Tang, Chengqi Tang
What are the subdivisions of Taiyang Disease?
Taiyang Zhong Feng
Taiyang Shanghan
Biao Yu Qing Zheng
During which dynasties did Wen Bing theory develop?
Late Ming, Qing
What are the symptoms of Taiyang Zhong Feng and the main formula?
Fever and chills, aversion to wind, already sweating, floating and soft pulse. Guizhi Tang to promote sweating, balance Ying and Wei
Who is recognized as the main theoretical expounder of Wen Bing theory?
Ye Tianshi
What are the symptoms of Taiyang Shanghan and the main formula?
Aversion to cold (more chills than fever), no sweating, may have stiff neck or whole spine, floating and tight pulse. Mahuang Tang release exterior
Who is responsible for the idea of the 4 levels in Wen Bing theory?
Ye Tianshi
What are the symptoms of Biao Yu Qing Zheng and the main fomula?
Mild case of surface syndrome due to delayed diaphoresis with chief symptoms of paroxysmal fevers and chills. Guizhi Mahuang Ge Ban Tang (half and half of GZT and MHT).
Who is responsible for the idea of "pestilential qi"?
Wu Youxing(ke)
What are the two Taiyang Fu Syndromes and their symptoms and formulas?
Taiyang Xu Shui – accumulation of water – mild fever, difficult urination, more thirst but then person vomits, floating (surface is still being effected) and slightly rapid. Wuling San - restore transformation, fortify Spleen, clear local heat.

Taiyang Xu Xue – Blood stasis accumulates in the lower jiao, because of the cold. Taohe Chenqi tang - deep and tight pulse, hardness in lower jiao (jueyin meridian), BL metabolism still intact –urination normal, mental confusion (poor memory, get crazy, psychological sxs). Treat by activating blood, move stasis.
Who posited that epidemics were not caused by one of the six climatic factors?
Wu Youxing(ke)
What happens when Taiyang is improperly treated and the Yin becomes damaged and effects the chest, HT, diaphram region?
Use Zhizi Chi Tang to help with insomnia, vexation, mental restlessness.
What are the features of Li Qi (pestilential qi)?
Transmittable
Toxic
Enters through nose/mouth
May not manifest immediately (latency)
What happens when Taiyang is improperly treated and the Yin becomes damaged and effects the chest and Lung?
It can cause cough, asthmatic breathing, flaring nostril, panting chest, temp goes up (fever), increased thirst - for this use Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang - descend LU qi, clear heat, and harmonize
What diagnostic signs became important with Wenbing theory?
Changes to the tongue, teeth and quality of skin rashes.
What happens when Taiyang is improperly treated and the Yin becomes damaged and it goes into the intestines?
Heat in intestine, burning sensation around anus, blood/mucus in stool, acute enteritis, food poisoning, minor dysentery. Gegen Qin Lian Tang - elevate clear qi, eliminate toxicity,clear heat
Match the books to the authors:
A. Lin Zheng Zhi Nan Yi An (first major textbook and collection of case studies) B. Shi Re Bing Pian (Tx of damp heat disease) C. Wenbing Tiao Bian (San Jiao differentiation, 9 types of Wen Bing) D. Wen Re Jing Wei (Summary of all previous Wen Bing Theory)
A. Ye Tianshi
B. Xue Xue
C. Wu Jutong
D. Wang Shixiong
What happens when Taiyang is improperly treated and the Yin becomes damaged and it goes into the intestines?
Shaoyang diarrhea, abd cramps, stool watery and sticky (mucous), frequent diarrhea and dysentery, lots of urgency – sweet can slow this down. Huang Qin Tang - relax tension and spasm
Who is credited with San Jiao differentiation?
Wu Jutong
What happens when Taiyang is improperly treated and the Yang becomes damaged and effects the Heart?
Guizhi Gancao Tang – Profuse sweating leads to leakage of Yang qi – spontaneous sweat and feel cold around HT position or HT shu point, person crosses heart to cover the heart to feel better.

Guizhi Gancao + Longgu and Muli – can stop and astringe profuse and spontaneous sweat, can calm shen and spirit for psychosis.

Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang – Improper diaphoresis. Stop sweat to hold heart juice and protect heat yang qi.
Who wrote the "Thesis (Warp and Weft of) on Damp Heat Diseases"?
Xue Xue
What happens when Taiyang is improperly treated and the Yang becomes damaged and affects the Spleen?
Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang – Cold and pulsation (rumbling)below the belly button, cold water accumulates in lower jiao and this cold water qi starts to rush up - dizzy, vertigo, space out. GZ helps with reverse qi that is in this cold condition.
What was Xue Xue's major treatment strategy in regard to damp heat?
Separate the damp from the heat.
What happens when Taiyang is improperly treated and the Yang becomes damaged and effects the Kidney?
Sini Tang for colds hands and feet, diarrhea (with food particles), abdominal pain.

Zhen Wu Tang – For KD yang xu with water retention that can overflow to effect mid & upper jiao. In mid-jiao splashing sensation in middle. In upper heart palps, etc.
What is the difference between Wen Bing and Wen Yu?
Generally, Wen Yu is a more serious/virulent form of Wen Bing. Some however believe that Wen Bing refers to one individual's sickness, but when it becomes an epidemic, it is Wen Yu.
What are the main symptoms and formula used with Yangming Jing syndrome?
Heat dispersing along the Yangming channels and the muscles with “four bigs”: big fever, big thirst and big restlessness, big sweat, and big pulse. Clearing heat method is used with Baihu Tang
Describe the causative factor, primary pathology and manifestations of Wen Bing.
Cause: heat (+ damp)
Pathology: excessive yang, damage to yin
Manifestion: fever, rapid, aggressive progression
What are the main symptoms and formula used with Yangming Jing syndrome when excessive heat damages both Qi and Yin?
Dried mouth and strong thirst, drinks a lot of water which doesn’t quench the thirst, some cold sensation on the back, and aversion to wind. Bai Hu Jia Renshen Tang
What are the 2 different ways of categorizing Warm Disease?
Pure yang (heat warmth) vs Yang mixed with yin (damp heat) / Newly contracted vs Latent.
What are the main symptoms and formula used with Yangming Jing syndrome if restlessness becomes predominant?
Early stage of Yangming dz, with disturbance to the diaphragm, territory of the ST. Some heat into the Yangming, vexation in the heart and also difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep (heart shen disturbed). Zhizi Chi Tang - clear heat and heart and upper chest
Describe the main features of Wei level pathology.
Fever, slight chill, headaches, no sweat/little sweat, cough, mild thirst, red tongue tip, rapid floating pulse.
What are the main symptoms and formula used with Yangming Jing syndrome when there is heat and water retention in the Lower jiao?
The heat has been pushed into the low jiao via wrong purgation. There is thirst and desire to drink, but when they do they vomit, the urine is scanty - Zhuling Tang.
Describe the main features of Qi level pathology.
Nearly the same as Yangming Dz. Here the yin has been damaged and is represented by an unquenchable thirst.
What are the main symptoms and formula used when there is excess in Yangming?
Dried Stool - severe constipation (rabbit poop), dryness in other areas, a lot of abdominal symptom, bloating (gas), fullness, delirium, tidal fever in the afternoon, a little sweat or continual damp of skin, pulse is very deep and forceful, slow, tongue looks red, dry, maybe brown to yellow coat, maybe rough/thorny. Chengqi Tang, which has several permutations.
Describe the main features of Ying level pathology.
Sx are worse at night, thirst with no desire to drink, mental restlessness, insomnia, delirium, possible skin rash. Tongue is deep red and cracked, pulse is thin and rapid. There is an increased tendency to bleed, the heart shen is affected.
What formula is used in Yangming excess with more heat than dryness?
Tiao Wei Chengqi Tang
Describe the main features of Xue (Blood) level pathology.
Skin lesions (macular or papular), pronounced shen disturbance, scorching fever, hemorrhage, tongue is dark purple, pulse is weak and thin.
What formula is used in Yangming excess with more bloating gas and fullness, with constipation?
Xiao Chengqi Tang
What kind of herbs are used to purge damp from each of the three jiaos?
Aromatic herbs transform damp in the LU/upper jiao. Aromatic and bitter herbs activate the SP function and dry damp from the middle jiao. Bland herbs leech dampness out of the lower jiao.
What formula is used in Yangming excess with more bloating gas and fullness, with severe constipation?
Da Chengqi Tang
True or false: Wei level Wen Bing only affects the upper jiao.
False. A URI would be considered Wei level, but the PC which also in the upper jiao is affected at Qi and Ying levels.
What formula is used in Yangming excess with constipation and absence of BM several or 10 days, and patient doesn’t have much abdominal discomfort?
Maziren Wan
What is the difference between Shun Chuan (normal transformation) and Ni Chuan (counterflow transformation)?
Shun Chuan describes a warm disease the progresses from upper to lower jiao, from exterior to interior. Ni Chuan describes warm disease that moves transversely, from LU to PC for example.
What three formulas are used in Yangming with Jaundice?
Zhizi Baipi Tang
Yin Chen Hao Tang
Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou Tang
How does Fu Qi (latent pathogen) differ from normal Wen Bing progression?
It erupts from a deeper level and moves out to the exterior.
What symptoms and formulas are used in Yangming Xu Xue (deficient Blood)?
The patient has water gurgling inside the mouth, don’t want to swallow this shows blood stasis. The patient is thirsty, poor memory - blood xu.
Taohe Chengqi Tang
Di Dang Tang
What are two Wenbing formulas for early stage Feng Wen when the pathogen is still at the surface, with fever, increased thirst, possible mild chill, upper respiratory, sneezing, runny nose, possible headache. red tongue tip with thin white or slightly yellow coat, pulse rapid and superficial?
Yin Qiao San and Sang Ju Ying
What are the main symtoms with Shaoyang disease?
Its main clinical characteristics are alternate chills and fever, fullness and discomfort in the intercostal and hypochondriac regions, anorexia, vexation and fullness of the chest (intercostal region/flank), quiet/silence, restlessness, vomiting, a bitter taste in the mouth, dryness of the throat, blurry vision and a wiry pulse. Among these symptoms and signs, a bitter taste in the mouth, dryness of the throat and blurry vision are regarded as the outline of Shaoyang disease.
Wei layer wenbing. Fever, mild chills possible, increased thirst, headache. Superficial rapid pulse. Red tongue tip with thin coat. What formula would be used?
Yin Qiao San
What is the main formula used and it's method, when there is Shaoyang disease?
Harmonize Shaoyang with Xiao Chaihu Tang
Wenbing in the Lung. Fever, no chills, cough, increased thirst, chest congestion, stuffy or burning sensation in the chest. What formula would be used?
Sang Ju Ying
What are the temperatures of the human body with the 3 Yang confirmation?
Taiyang has fever and chills simultaneously, Shaoyang is chills and fever alternating. Yangming fever only
What are leading herbs in Yin Qiao San?
jinyinhua, lianqiao
What is formula & symptoms goes with Shaoyang disease complicated with Taiyang syndrome?
Chaihu Guizhi Tang

still some floating pulse, not as wiry and thin. Alternating fever and chills, some digestive issues.
What formula & symptoms goes with Shaoyang disease complicated with Yangming syndrome?
Da Chaihu Tang

more GI symptoms, more constipation, more discomfort, fullness, gas, lack of appetite, still chills with more fever
What is formula & symptoms goes with Shaoyang disease complicated with retention of watery phlegm?
Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang

for cold damp accumulation and gets trapped, LR cirrhosis, soft mass. For tumor on sides in flank region. Kind of phlegm in TW that effects whole water metabolism
What is formula & symptoms goes with Shaoyang syndromes complicated with Shen disturbance?
Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang

Ministerial fire flare up and disturbs heart shen – palpitations and mental confusion, startled. Insomnia, racing mind, excited, with a SY disease
What are the main symtoms with Taiyin disease?
Abdominal distention, vomiting, poor appetite, diarrhea, slow digestion, occasional abdominal pain which is alleviated by warmth or pressure, absence of thirst, a pale tongue with a white coating and a slow or deep slow pulse. Except absence of thirst, and manifestations of the tongue and pulse, the others are regarded as the outline of Taiyin disease.
What formula is used with General treatment principle: warm up the middle Jiao, invigorate the function of the spleen, and disperse cold and dry up dampness in Taiyin disease?
Li Zhong Tang (mild)
Si Ni Tang (severe)
What formula would be used with Taiyin disease with GI symptoms and more abdominal pain?
Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Tang
GI symptoms with abdominal pain, use some method to help patient. also in taiyang disease. treats surface as well as interior syndrome with cold dampness. normal or softer stool.
What formula is use for Taiyin constipation due to cold coagulation - normal to soft stool and may have flatulence?
Guizhi Jia Dahuang Tang
What are the two conditions that can arise from Shaoyin and their symptoms?
Cold - intolerance of cold, lying in a curled up position, listlessness, lethargic stupor, cold limbs, diarrhea with undigested food, absence of thirst or preference to hot drinks, a pale tongue with white coating and a faint (deep, feeble and thready) pulse.

Heat - Mental restlessness, insomnia, thirst, sore throat, red tongue with little coating, thready and rapid pulse. All show kidney Yin deficiency and flaming of heart fire.
What is the chief formula for Shaoyin cold?
Sini Tang
Shaoyin formula: if the Yin is too much and Yang is too little, the weak Yang may be pushed outside, that will cause false heat and true cold with the symptoms and signs of a flushed face, restlessness, thirst, etc.
Bai Tong Tang
Shaoyin formulas for when the Yang is too weak to steam up water, causing retention of water in the lower Jiao or even overflow of water to the upper Jiao?
Fuzi Tang
Zhen Wu Tang
If the Yang is too weak to protect the body, the pathogenic cold may directly attack the Shaoyin, penetrating Taiyang to its paired channel?
Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang
What is the main formula for Shaoyin heat?
Huanglian Ejiao Tang - Mental restlessness, insomnia, thirst, sore throat, red tongue with little coating, thready and rapid pulse. All show kidney Yin deficiency and flaming of heart fire.
What formula is used in both Taiyang and Shaoyin with water retention and difficult urination, patient starts to feel hot, increased thirst, pulse thin and rapid?
Zhuling Tang
Jue has three meanings, what are they?
Cold extremities (hands and feet)
Syncope, fall down and lose consciousness.
Reverse Qi flow. Reckless flow, out of order.
What is the main formula and symtoms of Jueyin? (heat in the upper and cold in the lower)
Wumei Wan - thirst, feeling of a gust of Qi rushing to the chest, heartburn, hunger with no desire to eat, cold limbs, diarrhea, and vomiting or vomiting of round worms.
When did ZZJ live?
Dong Han (Eastern Han)
What does bian zheng refer to in terms of disease progression?
The disease has worsened on its natural course
What does huai zheng refer to in terms of disease progression?
The disease has worsened due to maltreatment.
what is a classic?
serve as cornerstone of chinese medicine and have highest clinical value. guideline to work clinically.
What are the four medical classics?
Neijing(Yellow Emperor’s Classic), Nanjing(The Classic of Difficult Questions), Shanghan Lun(The Thesis of Febrile Diseases Provoked by Cold) and Jingui Yaoyue (Synopsis of Prescriptions from the Golden Chamber).
Who was the author of the Neijing?
It is the collective work of many authors
When (in what era) was the Neijing written?
most medical historians and scholars agree that the majority of the contents of the book was compiled in the Warring States Period (475B.C-221 B.C) and part of the contents were added in the Qin Dynasty (221B.C-207 B.C) and the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 A.D-220 A.D)
Who added the Seven Great Chapters to the Neijing, and in what dynasty?
Seven Great Chapters - who added? Tang dynasty by Dr. Wang Bing. claimed to have received manuscript by teacher, believed it to be part of neijing.
What does "nei" mean in the title of the Neijing?
Neijing, including two parts “Nei,” which literally means internal opposite to “Wai” external, and “Jing” with the meaning of “the road to go,” “the rule to follow.” Therefore it is sometimes translated into “Canon of Medicine” or “Classic of Internal Medicine.” Actually “Nei” just simply indicates the sequence of the book. Nei means the first half of the book while Wai the another half of the book.
What does Su Wen refer to?
“Su” implies material life and “Suwen” (two words put together) means discussion on material life (physiology and pathology).
How many volumes and chapters are in each book of the Neijing?
9 volumes & 81 chapters each
What are the greater meanings of Ling & Shu in terms of the Neijing?
“Ling” means effective or miraculous while “Shu” means pivot or techniques. As Lingshu is a monograph on acupuncture, the combination of the two words suggests that only in mastering the techniques of needling can acupuncture create a miraculous effect.
In seasonal/climactic associations, what conformation does the heart relate to?
taiyang - the heart is the root of life, which is Taiyang within the Yang and is related to summer energy.
In terms of position in the body, what yinyang terms describe the heart?
yang within yang
In seasonal/climactic associations, what conformation does the Lung relate to?
The lung is the root of Qi, which is Shaoyin within the Yang and is related to autumn energy.
In terms of position in the body, what yinyang terms describe the LUng?
yin within yang
In seasonal/climactic associations, what conformation does the liver relate to?
The liver is the root of physical and mental strength, which is Shaoyang within the Yin and is related to spring energy.
In terms of position in the body, what yinyang terms describe the liver?
yang within yin
In seasonal/climactic associations, what conformation does the kidney relate to?
The kidney is the root of sealing and storing like the hibernating insect, which is Taiyin within the Yin and is related to winter energy
In terms of position in the body, what yinyang terms describe the kidney?
yin within yin
In seasonal/climactic associations, what conformation does the spleen relate to?
The spleen is the root of grain storage (nutrition), which is Zhiyin and is related to the earth energy. [Dr. Long said in lecture spleen relates to jueyin in this context]
In terms of position in the body, what yinyang terms describe the spleen?
extreme yin within yin
How many luo vessels are there?
14 big luo (12 regular meridians each have big collateral, plus du and ren have big collaterals). neijing sometimes mentioned 15 because spleen possesses two big collaterals _ SP4, SP21). third saying is that there are 16 luo, because stomach has big luo starting from stomach and going out below heart, feel effects of heart beating, determine critical condition). three different ways of looking at number of luo, depending on context.
According to the Neijing, which organ do all eleven organs depend on?
the gallbladder (chapter 8 of suwen)
In regards to the jingluo, where does the exchange of qi and blood occur?
In the luo vessels, the capillary beds.
What are the depths to needle according to the seasons (chapter 64 of the suwen)
Most shallow in summer, deepest in winter. "in spring the qi is in the conduit vessels. In summer the qi is in the tertiary vessels. In late summer the qi is in the muscles and in the flesh. In autumn the qi is in the skin. In winter the qi is in the bones and the marrow."
What is the significance of the Sun Mai, grandson collaterals?
Sun Mai are the places where Qi, blood and body fluid can infiltrate the collaterals so as to exchange the nutrition and wastes. Sun Mai makes it possible so that the circulation of Qi and blood along the stream of meridians and collaterals expands to a three-dimensional diffusion.
What are the Pi Bu in terms of neijing physiology?
“Pi Bu” is the projective area of the twelve meridians onto the skin, which are always coincident with the running course of the corresponding meridians beneath the skin and relate to skin sensitivity.
What are the "jing jing" [jin jing?] in terms of neijing physiology?
“Jingo Jing” [sic, see Dr. Long's notes] is a system where in the twelve meridians connect with the tendons and muscles, dominating motor function.
According to suwen 12, where did the different modalities and techniques develop in China?
“in the east, people are likely to have boils and carbuncles, and Bian Shi is well developed there. In the west, people are likely to have internal diseases and herbal medicine is well developed there. In the north, people are likely to have cold and abdominal bloating and moxibustion is well developed there. In the south, people are likely to have convulsion and Bi syndrome and acupuncture is well developed there. In the central area, people are likely to have Wei syndrome, Jue syndrome, cold and heat and Daoyin and massage are well developed there.”
What is bing?
disease
What is a zhen?
syndrome
What is a bing vs a zhen? What is given greater importance in Chinese medicine?
bing is the disease, zhen is the syndrome; however, both are really considered diseases. cough symptom, from chinese medicine perspective it is also a disease. attach greater attention to zhen than the disease. that is why is it essential to make pattern differentiation. recognize different syndrome; one disease may present various syndromes. diarrhea is a disease, can be caused by different conditions. one syndrome may present in many different diseases. liver qi stagnation can present in many different diseases - diarrhea, depression, menstrual cramps, etc. pay more attention to zhen.
What are the four diagnostic tools?
looking, asking, smelling, touching (pulse)
What is the significance of the Gu Qi, stomach qi, and what pulse quality indicates its presence?
nejing emphasizes pulse must contain stomach qi. if pulse lacks stomach qi, patient prognosis is poor. if there is stomach qi, patient will live. if wei/stomach qi is deficient, patient will be sick. if it is gone, the patient will die. quality that indicates presence of stomach qi is what? generally is softness/slippery, unhurried, leisurely quality that shows presence of stomach qi.
What are normal pulses for each of the four seasons and what do they signify in the health of the individual?
in spring the pulse should be slightly wiry, in summer superficial and big, in fall will get feathery/astringing/soft on sides but firmer in center, in winter the pulse is stone-like. suggests that one is able to adapt self to the universal energy change.
What is "bing yin"?
Causative factor differentiation - specific symptoms suggest the cause, such as aversion to wind suggesting windstrike.
What are three differentiation systems in the Neijing?
Zangfu, Jingluo, san jiao.
In terms of warfare on a disease, what is the difference between higher level and lower level treatment strategies?
Higher level principles are strategies for the war. Lower level strategies are tactics for battle.
What are the Zhi Fa and Zhi Zhe in approaching the treatment of disease?
In terms of treatment, there are two levels of approaches. One is Zhi Zhe (treatment principle), another is Zhi Fa (treatment method). The former is at the higher level indicating the general strategies to fight against diseases while the latter is at a lower level indicating the concrete tactics to cope with a specific disease or syndrome. In other words, Zhi Zhe guides and decides Zhi Fa.
What are three factors that must be considered in treatment of disease?
Treating disease according to time, geographic locality, and an individual’s condition. There is no such treatment or formula that can be used as a panacea.
What are seven considerations of Zhi Zhe (treatment principle)?
a. Treating disease before it really becomes a problem. b. Restoring the balance between Yin and Yang. c. Tonifying the deficiency and reducing excess. d. Eliminating the pathogen along its course of development. e. Treating disease according to time, geographic locality, and an individual’s condition. f. Conventional treatment and special treatment. g. Biao, Ben and their application.
How many herbal formulas are mentioned in the Nejing?
Thirteen
What are three factors that must be considered in differentiation of disease?
As to the differentiation of syndromes, Neijing considers that a completed differentiation should include three factors: Bing Yin (causative factors of disease), Bing Wei (location of disease) and Bing Xing (nature of disease). For Bing Yin, one has to identify the origins of pathogens, from outside or inside, belonging to Yang or Yin. For Bing Wei, one has to decide where the disease is located, whether it is on the Biao (surface) or in the Li (interior), and which meridian or Zang-fu organ is involved. For Bing Xing, one must tell whether the disease is of cold of heat, excess or deficiency.
What are the diagnostic pillars?
Wang (looking), Wen (listening and smelling), Wen (asking) and Qie (feeling) are known as the four diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine.
What are four aspects of the theory of health preservation?
a. Commanding the laws of nature and adapting oneself to a constantly changing nature. b. Boosting Zheng Qi for the prevention of disease. c. Integrating physical training and spirit cultivation. d. Moderating sexual life and reserving kidney essence for anti aging.
When did Zhang Zhong Jing write the Shang Han Za Bing Lun?
He compiled it from ~200-210 A.D.
What are the primary symptoms of taiyang disease?
Line 1: In Tai Yang disease the pulse is floating, the head and nape are stiff and painful, and there is aversion to cold.

Line 2: In Tai Yang disease, when there is fever with sweat, aversion to wind, and a moderate pulse it is called Wind Strike.

Line 3: Greater Yang disease, whether heat has effused or not, as long as there is aversion to cold, with generalized pain retching counterflow, and yin and yang pulses are both tight it is called Cold Damage.
What are the primary symptoms of yangming disease?
Line 180: In disease of yang brightness, the stomach domain is replete.

Line 181: Question: Why does one get yang brightness disease? 2 Answer: In greater yang disease if sweating is promoted, if precipitation is used or if urination is disinhibited, this causes liquid and humor collapse and dryness in the Stomach; hence, there is a shift to the yang brightness. 3 No change of clothes, internal repletion, and difficult defecation; these are called yang brightness.
What are the principle SHL lines on shaoyang disease?
Line 263: In Shao Yang disease there is a bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, and dizzy vision.

Line 264: When in lesser yang wind strike, [there is] no hearing in either ear, eyes are red, [and there is] fullness in the chest and vexation…

Line 265: When in cold damage the pulse is stringlike and fine and [there is] headache and heat effusion, this belongs to lesser yang.
What are the primary SHL lines on taiyin disease?
Line 273: In disease of the greater yin, there is abdominal fullness and vomiting, inability to get food down, severe spontaneous diarrhea, periodic spontaneous abdominal pain, and if precipitation is used there will be a hard knot below the chest.

Line 277: When there is spontaneous diarrhea and thirst is absent, this belongs to greater yin disease; because there is cold in the storehouse, one should use a warming treatment.
What are the primary symptoms of shaoyin disease?
Line 281: In disease of lesser yin, the pulse is faint and fine and there is a desire only to sleep.
What are the primary symptoms of jueyin disease?
Line 326: In disease of reverting yin there is dispersion thirst, qi surging upward to the heart, pain and heat in the heart, hunger with no desire to eat, vomiting of roundworms after eating, and if precipitation is used there will be incessant diarrhea.

Line 351: When there is reversal cold of the limbs and the pulse is fine and verging on expiry, Dang Gui Si Ni Tang governs.

Line 378: When there is dry retching, ejection of drool and foam, and headache, Wu Zhu Yu Tang governs.