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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ATP |
Structure and function of Adenosine Triphosphate - Nucleotide- ATP - Universal energy source -Bond between phosphate groups contain potential energy -Breaking Bonds releases energy
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Formula and function of ATP |
ATP--> ADP+P+Energy |
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Cell Structure |
Cell Constituents of: -Nucleus -Ribosomes - Endomembrane system - Chloroplasts and Mitochondria - Cytoskeleton - Cell Surface
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Microscopy |
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic |
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Microscopes |
function as Windows to cell |
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Light Micropscope |
Light passes through the specimen and Lenses enlarge or magnify the image |
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Two Important qualities of Microscopes |
-Magnification -Resolving power: Ability of an optical instrument to show two objects as separate |
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Electron Microscope |
Use of a beam of electrons and the scanning of EM is used to study the DETAILED architecture of the surface of the cell.
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TEM |
Transmission of Electron Microscope is useful for exploring the INTERNAL structure of the cell. |
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structure of Cell Membrane |
Phospholipid Bilayer Fluid Mosaic |
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Cell Membrane Function |
Selective Permeability Transport Proteins |
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Phospholipids |
*Form a two layered membrane called the phospholipid bilayer - Most proteins are embedded in PL bilayer *Related to dietary fats but have only two fatty acid tails instead of 3 * They have phosphate group which is electrically charged making it hydrophilic.
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Nucleus |
Genetic control - Chromosomes which are made up of Chromotin which is a combo of DNA and Proteins - Transcriptions (RNA) |
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Ribosomes |
-Protein Production - In the E.Cell, Ribosomes are made in the nucleus and begin to work in Cytoplasm |
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How does DNA control the Cell? |
By transferring its coded information into RNA - The information is RNA is used to make Proteins |
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Endomembrane System |
It is one of the most manufacturing facilities within a cell. It produces an enormous variety of molecules |
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Endomembrane System is Composed of 2 types |
- Smooth: lacks ribosomes - Rough: Ribosomes that stud out of its membrane. |
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Process of Endomembrane System |
After ROUGH ER synthesizes a molecule, it packages the molecules into transport vesicles. |
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Golgi Apparatus |
Works in Partnership with ER. It Refines, Stores and distributes the products of cells. |
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Lysosomes |
Have several types of digestive functions. - They Fuse with Food Vacucles to digest the food. - They Break down damaged organelles Absent from most Plant Cells. But if yes, cause the most damage to them too. |
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What Happens when Lysosomes Fail? |
Interferes with Cellular functions - Tay-Sachs disease- Lysosomes lack lipid digesting enzyme. So nerve cells never die and messed up nervous system -Anthrax |
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Vacuoles |
Membranous Sacs and there are two types of contractile vacuoles of protists and central vacuoles of plants - CV gives it taste and just storage |
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Chloroplast and Mitchondria |
Serve as Energy Conversion |
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Chloroplast |
The site of photosynthesis ONLY in PLANT CELLS |
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Photosynthesis |
Conversion of light energy to chemical energy
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Mitochondria |
The site of cellular respiration, which involves the production of ATP from food molecules Found in ALL Eukaryotic Cells, including those og plants and those in your body |
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CytoSkeleton |
Network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm. It serves as both the skeleton(support) and muscles (movement) for the cell. |
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Cytoskeleton and Movement: APPENDAGES |
Flagella: propel the cell in whiplike motion Cilia: Move in a coordinated back and forth motion - Some F and C extend from nonmoving cells - Human = Cilia |
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Cell Surfaces |
Protection Support Cell- Cell interactions |
