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199 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following structures is located in the alveolar processes?
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Teeth
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The portion of the stomach surrounding the lower esophogeal sphincter is called the:
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Cardia
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The islets of Langerhans secrete:
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Insulin
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The area in the duodenum where the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct empty is called the:
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Ampulla of Vater
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The primary function of the gallbladder is to:
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Store Bile
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The plicae circulares, microvilli, and villi are:
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Structures that increase surface absorption area in the small intestine
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The first part of the small intestine is the:
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Duodenum
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The appendix is attached to the:
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Cecum
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The double-layered, apron-like structure that hands from the lower border of the stomach is the:
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Greater omentum
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The main function of the large intestine is to:
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Reabsorb water and electrolytes
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The chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food molecules is called:
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Catabolism
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Which of the following substances is the bodies preferred source of energy?
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Carbohydrates
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The process by which glucose is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle cells as glycogen is?
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Glycogenesis
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The structure that binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the:
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Mesentary
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The salivary glands located in the front of the ear that become inflamed and enlarged during mumps are the:
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Parotid
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The catabolism of fats produces which of the following substances?
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Ketone bodies
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Vitamins A,D,E and K are absorbed in the:
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Intestine
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The organ that lies posterior to the greater curvature of the stomach and is connected by a duct to the duodenum is the:
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Pancreas
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When body cells require energy, what molecule is broken down
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ATP molecule
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The outer layer of the intestines is the
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Serosa
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The cricoid cartilage is a:
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Ring of cartilage forming the inferior walls of the larynx.
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The passageway for foods and liquids into the digestive system and for air into the respiratory system is the:
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Pharynx
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The larynx is located between the:
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Pharynx and the trachea
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The vocal cords are located in the:
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Larynx
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Which structure has three divisions consisting of Naso, oro and laryngeal?
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Pharynx
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The function of the trachea is to:
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Conduct air to and from the lungs
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The space between the vocal cords is called the:
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Glottis
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The nasil cavity is divided into two portions by the:
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Septum
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The structure that drains excess tears to the nasal cavity, causing the nose to run is the:
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Nasolacrimal duct
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The cartilaginous nasal septum lies upon which bone?
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Vomer
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The structure that connects te middle ear and the throat, allowing the eardrum to vibrate freely, is the:
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Eustachian tube
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Another name for the tympanic membrane is the:
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Eardrum
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The winding, cone-shaped tube of the inner ear is the:
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Cochlea
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The nasal sinus located between the nose and the orbits is the:
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Ethmoid
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Which ossicle of the middle ear covers the oval window?
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Stapes
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The large, leaf-shaped laryngeal cartilage that acts as a trap door over the larynx is the:
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Epiglottis
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Which part of the ear is responsible for the equilibrium?
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Semicircular canals
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A term referring to a waxy sectretion in the external ear canal is:
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Cerumen
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Which of the following strucutres is not an ossicle of the middle ear?
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Vestibule
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The fluid within the membranous labyrinth is called:
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Endolymph
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In the physiology of hearing, sound waves collect in the ______ and pass on to hit the ______:
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External Auditory Canal; tympanic membrane
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striated-voluntary muscle tissue is found in the ________ muscle tissue.
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Skeletal
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The white, tough layer of the eye that gives it its shape is the
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Sclera
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The layer of the eye that is clear, covers the iris, and contains no blood vessels is the:
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Cornea
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The layer of the eye that absorbs light rays and nourishes the retina through its numerous blood vessels is the:
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Choroid
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Which muscle alters the shape of the lens of the eye to accomodate near or far vision?
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Ciliary muscle
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What structure regulates the amount of light entering the eya and assists in obtaining a clear image?
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Iris
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Intraocular pressure is primarily dependent on:
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Aqueous humor
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At the junction of the sclera and cornea is a venous sinus known as the:
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Canal of Schlemm
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The smooth intrinsic muscle that alters the shape of the eye lens is the:
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Ciliary body
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The ciliary body is part of which layer of the eye?
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Vascular
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The capillary network of blood vessels withing the renal cortex that functions as a filter is called the:
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Glomerulus
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The triangular area of the bladder that is formed by the two openings of the ureters and the opening of the urethra is known as the:
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Trigone
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Gerota's fascia is located:
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Around the kidney
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The kidneys are positioned:
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Retroperitoneally
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The functional unit of the kidney responsible for removing waste and regulating fluids is the:
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Nephron
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The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impules is:
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Sodium
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The prostate gland secretes:
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Alkaline fluid
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The ciliary body is part of which layer of the eye?
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Vascular
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A capilary network of blood vessels within the renal cortex that functions as a filter is called the:
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Glomerulus
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The triangular area of the bladder that is formed by the two openings of the ureters and the opening of the urethra is known as the:
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Trigone
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Gerota's fascia is located:
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Around the kidney
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The kidneys are positioned:
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Retroperitoneally
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The functional unit of the kidney responsible for removing waste and regulating fluid is the:
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Nephron
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The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impulses is:
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Sodium
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The prosate gland secretes:
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Alkaline fluid
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The first step of urine production in which fluids and dissolved subtances are forced through a membrane by pressure is called:
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Glomerular filtration
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Sperm are produced by the:
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Seminiferous tubules
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The cup-like extensions of the kidney pelvis that collect urine from the pyramids are:
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Calyces
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The notch on the kidney through which the ureters exit is the:
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Hilum
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Which of the following is the principal male hormone produced in the testes and responsible for sexual characteristics?
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Testosterone
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The comma-shaped organ that lies along the posterior border of the testes is the:
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Epididymis
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The only artery in the body that carries unoxygenated blood is the:
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Pulmonary artery
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The pacemaker of the heart is the:
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SA Node
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Which arteries are formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?
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Iliac
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The process by which blood cells are formed is known as:
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Hemopioesis
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Which of the following arises from the left ventricle?
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Aorta
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The pancreas lies behind the stomach and the duodenum in the right and left upper quadrants and is divides into how many portions?
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Three
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Which organ is responsible for the synthesis of many of the coagulation factors?
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Liver
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The Atrioventricular (AV) valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle is the:
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Bicuspid
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The inner layer of an artery is known as the:
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Intima
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Which of the following vessels arises from the right ventricle?
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Pulmonary artery
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Which of the following vessels do not empty into the right atrium?
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Pulmonary veins
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The large artery found behind the knee is the:
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Popliteal
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The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the:
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Subclavian
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The medial malleolus is part of which bone?
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Tibia
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The sutures of the skull are examples of:
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Synarthrosis
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Which characteristics does not belong to a synovial joint?
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Synchondrosis containing hyaline cartilage
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Which of the following is an example of a saddle joint?
Radius and carpals Thumb and trapezium Femur and hip Ulna and radius |
Thumb and trapezium
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Smooth, sustained contractions produced by several very rapid stimuli are called:
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Tetanus
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The dense white fibrous covering around the bone is the:
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periostium
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An example of a short bone is the:
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Wrist
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A large bony process found on the femur is a:
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trochanter
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The foramen magnum is found on which bone?
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Occipital
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An example of a flat bone is the:
Wrist Vertebrae Cranial bones Facial bones |
Cranial bones
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The acromion is part of which bone?
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Scapula
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The olecranon is part of which bone?
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Ulna
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Which of the following is not a carpal?
Lunate Scaphoid Capitate Styloid |
Styloid
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The only bone in the body that does not articulate with another is the:
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Hyoid
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The shaft of a bone is known as the:
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Diaphysis
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The extremity or end of a bone is known as the:
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Epiphysis
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Another name for spongy bone is:
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Cancellous
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The vertebrae are examples of what type of bone?
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Irregular
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The area of a bone where growth occurs until early in adulthood is the:
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Epiphyseal plate
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What bones form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity?
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Parietal
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The structure that serves as the socket for the head of the femur is the:
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Acetabulum
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Where are cruciate ligaments found in the knee?
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Lateral and medial in the knee
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A triangular muscle that abducts the arm and covers the shoulder is the:
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Deltoid
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The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and the castus intermedius are muscles that extend the legs and are known as the:
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Quadriceps
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The muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm and covers the anterior portion of the upper arm is the:
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Biceps Brachii
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The muscle that forms the bulk of the uppe calf is the:
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Gastrocnemius
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The madible articulates with the:
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Temporal bone
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The thoracic spine contains how many vertibrae?
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Twelve
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The inner lining of the uterus is the:
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Endometrium
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The walls of the vagina are lined with:
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Mucous membrane
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All of the following ligaments maintain the position of the uterus except the: Broad Ligament
Ovarian Ligament Round Ligament Cardianl Ligament |
Ovarian Ligament
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The perineum is the:
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Area between the vagina and the anus
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Fertilization of the ovum generally occurs in the:
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Fallopian Tubes
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The hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics is:
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Estrogen
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The structure that provides an exchange of nutrients and wastes between the fetus and mother and secretes the hormones necessary to maintain the pregnancy is:
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Placenta
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In the ovary, a granular yellow body that develops after the extrusion of the ovum is the:
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Corpus luteum
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The finger-like projections on the end of the fallopian tubes are:
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Fimbriae
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The funnel-shaped open distal end of each fallopian tube is called a/an:
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Infundibulum
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The portion of the uterus above the level of the uterine tubes is called the:
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Fundus
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The elevated adipose tissue over the symphysis is called the:
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Mons pubis
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The ovary is attached to the uterus by the:
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Ovarian Ligament
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The middle layer of the uterus composed of muscle is the:
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Myometrium
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The outermost covering of the brain and spinal cord is the:
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Dura mater
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The brain contains four fluid-filled spaces caleed the:
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Ventricles
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The area of the brain that controls respiration is the:
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Medulla oblongata
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All thought takes place in the:
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Cerebral cortex
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The basic unit of the nervous system is the:
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Neuron
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The cranial nerve that contains special fibers for hearing as well as balance is:
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VIII
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The peripheral nervous system contains:
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Cranial and spinal nerves
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Muscle tone, coordination of voluntary muscles and balance are controlled by the:
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Cerebellum
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The largest part of the brain is the:
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Cerebrum
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Which cranial nerve emerges from the medulla, passes though the skull, and descends through the neck region into the thorax and abdominal region?
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X
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The cranial nerve that carries motor fibers to the tongue and sensory impulses from the tongue to the brain is the:
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Hypoglossal
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Which cranial nerve can be tested for sensations of pain, touch, and temp. with the use of a safety pin and hot and cold objects?
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V
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Which cranial nerve carries impulses for sense of smell?
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I
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Neurons that conduct impulses to the cardiac muscles are part of the:
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Autonomic nervous system
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The contractions of involuntarty muscles are controlled by the:
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Autonomic nervous system
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The neuroglia are cells that:
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Support and protect
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The cytoplasmic process of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the cell body is a/an:
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Axon
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The part of the brain that is a continuation of the spinal cord and forms the inferior protion of the brain stem is the:
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Medulla
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Which area of the brain produces subconscious skeletal movements required for coordination and balance?
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Cerebellum
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The fifth cranial nerve is also called the:
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Trigeminal nerve
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Which of the following neuroglia are star shaped and attach neurons to their blood vessels?
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Astrocytes
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Where is cerebrospinal fluid formed?
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Ventricles
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The diencephalon is composed of the:
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Thalamus and hypothalamus
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The wisp-like roots of the nerves at the end of the spinal cordare called the:
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Cauda equina
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Neuron axons that are surrounded by a multilaer, white, phospholipids, segmented covering are called:
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Myelinated neurons
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Chemicals released by neurons to increase or inhibit impulses are called:
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Neurotransmitters
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The brige connecting the spinal cord with the brain is the:
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Pons
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The inner lining of the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract is composed of:
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Epithelium
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Minety-six percent of the body's mass is made up of:
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Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen
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The essential component of hemoglobin is:
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Iron
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A pH level refers to:
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Acidity vs. alkalinity
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The basic living, structural, and functional unit of the body is known as the:
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Cell
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What is the function of the phagocytic white blood cells?
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Engulf and destroy bacteria
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The result of fertilization of gametes is a/an:
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Zygote
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The roof of the mouth is formed by the:
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Hard and soft palates
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The teeth are composed primarily of:
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Dentin
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The set of teeth that erupt at about six months of age and are lost are the:
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Decidous teeth
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The main duct of the pancreas is the:
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Duct of Wirsung
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Which of the following glands are located in the stomach?
Parietal cells Crypts of Lieberkuhn Brunner's glands Paneth cells |
Parietal cells
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The portion of the stomach above the level of the lower esophageal sphincter is the?
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Fundus
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Which of the following substances are absorbed in the stomach?
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Alcohol
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The function of the small intestine is?
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Digestion and absorbtion of nutrients
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The small intestine is drained by the:
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Hepatic portal vein
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The pouches of the large intestine are called?
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Haustra
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The secretion of gastric juices is regulated by the impulses of the:
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X nerve
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Testosterone is secreted by the:
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Cells of Leydig
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Inhibin is produced by the:
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Sertoli's cells
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The most abundant ion in the body is:
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Calcium
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The conducting fibers that run from the AV node down the interventricular septum are referred to as the:
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Bundle of his
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The left coronary artery divides into the:
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Anterior descending and circumflex
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Which of the following structures are found in the ventricles of the heart?
Pectinate muscles Papillary muscles Ligamentum anteriorum Fossa ovalis |
Papillary muscles
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The function of hemoglobin is to:
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Carry oxygen
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Albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen are all:
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Plasma proteins
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The large vein that drains the head is the:
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Jugular
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Which of the following arteries does not arise directly from the aorta?
Celiac Mesentaric Common Carotid Vertebral |
Vertebral
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The vessel that delivers blood from the gastro intestinal tract to the liver is:
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Hepatic portal vein
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Which of the following is not part of the immune system?
Lymph nodes Tonsil Spleen Thyroid |
Thyroid
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The thymus gland functions in immunity by producing:
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T cells
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The structure that is located anterior to the esophagus and extends from the larynx to the 5th thoracic vertebra is the:
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Trachea
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The portion of the small intestine that joins the large intestine is the:
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Ileum
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Another name for the folds of the stomach is:
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Rugae
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The longest, heaviest, stongest bone in the body is the:
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Femur
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The anterior chamber of the eye lies:
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Behind the cornea and infront of the iris
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Aqueous humor is found within the:
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Anterior cavity
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The ureters enter the bladder:
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Medially from the posterior aspect
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Which membrane lines the thoracic cavity?
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Pleura
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The region between the lungs is the:
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Mediastinum
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Which duct carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum?
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Common Bile duct
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Which of the following is not part of the stomach?
Hilum Fundus Antrum Body |
Hilum
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Which ligament stabilizes the duodenojejunal angle?
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Treitz
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What valve is located between the left upper and lower chambers of the heart?
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Mitral
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Which of the following structures would not be found in a blood vessel?
Tunica adventitia Tunica intima Tunica vaginalis Tunica media |
Tunica vaginalis
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