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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What can cause hypotension? |
- Hypovolemia (iatrogenic, hemorrhage) - Sepsis - MI - Cardiac dysrhythmia - Hypoxia - False reading (eg, wrong cuff/arterial line twist or clot) - Pneumothorax - PE - Cardiac tamponade - Meds (eg, morphine) |
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How do you respond to hypotension? |
- Check ABCs - Examine - Recheck BP - IV access --> IV bolus - Labs (eg, Hct) - EKG - Pulse ox / vital signs monitoring - CXR - Supplemental O2 - Check meds/history - Give IV abx stat if sepsis likely |
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What are the common causes of post-op hypertension? |
- Pain (from catecholamine release) - Anxiety - Hypercapnia - Hypoxia (which may also cause hypotension) - Pre-existing condition - Bladder distention |
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What can cause hypoxia / shortness of breath? |
- Atelectasis - Pneumonia - Mucus plug - Pneumothorax - PE - MI / dysrhythmia - Venous blood in ABG syringe - SAT% machine malfunction / probe malposition - Iatrogenic (wrong ventilator settings) - Severe anemia / hypovolemia - Low cardiac output - CHF - ARDS - Fluid overload |
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How do you respond to hypoxia / SOB? |
- ABCs - Physical exam - Vital signs / pulse ox monitoring - Supplemental O2 - IV access - ABG - EKG - CXR |
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What can cause mental status change? |
- Hypoxia until ruled out - Hypotension (eg, cardiogenic shock) - Hypovolemia - Iatrogenic (narcotics / benzos) - Drug reaction - Alcohol withdrawal - Drug withdrawal - Seizure - ICU psychosis - CVA - Sepsis - Metabolic derangements - Intracranial bleeding - Urinary retention in elderly |
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What are the signs of alcohol withdrawal? |
- Confusion - Tachycardia / autonomic instability - Seizure - Hallucinations |
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What are the causes of tachycardia? |
- Hypovolemia / 3rd-spacing - Pain - Alcohol withdrawal - Anxiety / agitation - Urinary retention - Cardiac dysrhythmia (eg, sinoventricular tachycardia, AF with rapid rate) - MI - PE - Beta-blocker withdrawal - Anastomotic leak |
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What are the causes of decreased urine output? |
- Hypovolemia - Urinary retention - Foley catheter malfunction - Cardiac failure - MI - Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) - Ureteral / urethral injury - Abdominal compartment syndrome - Sepsis |
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How do you act initially in a case of decreased urine output? |
- Examine - Vital signs - Check or place Foley catheter - Irrigate Foley catheter - IV fluid bolus |
