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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
what are the (6)* steps of wound healing?
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Can I Care And Eliminate Cuts:
Coagulation; Inflammation; Collagen synthesis; Angiogenesis; Epithelialization; Contraction |
Can I Care And Eliminate Cuts
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Another name for angiogenesis?
what growth factor is responsible for it? |
Granulation
VEGF: Vascular Endothelial GF |
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how long after closure of primary surgical wound does epithelialization occur?
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24 - 48 hours
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what cells are responsible for wound contraction?
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Myofibroblasts
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what type of surgical wound classification is: Gross spillage from the GI tract?
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Contaminated
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what is considered a "Clean-Contaminated" surgical wound?
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the respiratory, GI or GU tract was entered w/o spillage of contents
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with Primary (First) Intention wounds, how long after surgery does wound strength reach its maximum?
what is the percentage of maximum strength compared to uninjured skin? |
3 months
70 - 80% of normal skin |
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what is a Second Intention wound?
How is it dressed? |
closure of wound not approximated by sutures
Dressed w/ packing of moist gauze and covered w/ sterile dressing |
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what is a Third Intention wound?
give example |
a "Delayed Primary" where there is gross contamination of incision site, but closed w/ sutures
Example: Ruptured appendix - skin and sub-q is not closed for 3 - 5 days after bacterial contamination is decreased |
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If surgical site infection occurs w/i 24 hours, what are the (2) MC bugs?
when is an infection apparent w/ other bugs? |
Streptococcus
or Clostridium other bugs: 4 - 5 days post-op |
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what (3) operative sites are usually contaminated by Staphylococcus?
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"A man's STAPH is his HEAD, HEART and BONE"
HEAD: Neurological or ophthalmic surgery HEART: CV/thoracic surgery BONE: Orthopaedic surgery |
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what bug type is usually the cause of post-op contamination for surgery on: GI, GU, OB/GYN cases?
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Gram-Negative Bacilli
(and anaerobes) |
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what bug type is usually the cause of post-op contamination for surgery on head and neck procedures of oral mucosa?
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Streptococcus
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MCC of post-op fever w/i first 24 hours
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Atelectasis
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what are the (5) "W's" of post-op fever?
(in order) |
Wind (Atelectasis);
Water (UTI); Wound Infection; Walking (DVT); Wonder drugs |
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
in general |
Cefazolin
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
GI surgery / appendectomy |
Cefoxitin
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
Urological procedure |
Ciprofloxacin
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
Head and Neck (2) |
Cefazolin or Clindamycin
and Gentamicin |
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
Gram-positive cocci |
First and Second generation Cephalosporins
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
Gram-negative rods (2 possible) |
Third generation Cephalosporins
or Aminoglycosides |
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
Anaerobes (2 possible) |
Metronidazole
or Clindamycin |
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Antibotic Prophylaxis:
MRSA |
Vancomycin
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Name and define the (4) classic signs of infection
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Calor - Heat, warmth
Dolor - pain Rubor - redness Tumor - swelling |
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what in a wound stimulates angiogenesis?
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the Clot
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What cells does Thrombin stimulate?
(4) |
Endothelial cells;
Fibroblasts; Monocytes; Platelets |
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what is characteristic of the second phase of wound healing?
when does this occur? |
Fibroblastic response to form collagen
(occurs on day 3) |
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what occurs in the Third phase of wound healing?
when does this occur? |
Remodeling of tissue
(occurs 3 weeks after wound onset) |
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if person has vocal cord injury why is a Teflon injection used?
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to cause a Chronic Granulomatous reaction which will stimulate fibrous tissue formation (approximating vocal cords)
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where does epithelialization occur from?
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Hair follicles
(and sebaceous glands) |
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in calculating burn surface areas, what amount is given to the:
1. Upper extremity 2. Lower extremity 3. Trunk and Abdomen |
Rule of 9:
each UE = 9% each LE = 18% Trunk = 36% (divided into 4 quadrants of 9 each) |
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