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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pressure In pneumoperitoneum |
12 to 15 mm Hg |
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Kehr's T tube Cholangiogram done on |
7th day |
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Planned removal of Kehr's T tube |
10-12 days after Cholangiogram |
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Stone size for CBD exploration |
2 cm |
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Low SBP/Elevated INR in BLEED classification |
<100 mm Hg and >1.2 |
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Number of parameters/Maximum score on Blatchford classification |
8 and 23 |
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Mallory-Weiss tear location |
2cm below the GEJ |
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Surgery in stress gastritis |
>6 units of blood transfused |
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Treatment of Dieulefoy lesion |
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Argon Plasma Coagulation |
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Constrictions of Oesophagus |
15cm - T1 - Cricopharyngeus 25cm - T5 - Aortobronchial 40cm - T10 - Diaphragm |
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Upper esophageal sphincter data |
Resting 60mm Hg Relaxation time 0.6 seconds |
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LES data |
Resting pressure 6 to 26 mm Hg, average 25 mm Hg Length total 3 to 5cm Abdominal length 2 to 2.4 cm |
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Columnar epithelium in esophagus |
Lower 2 cm |
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Normal peristasis rate of esophagus |
2 to 4 cm/second |
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Waterston criteria cutoffs |
2 kg 2.5 kg |
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Spitz criteria |
Greater than 1.5 kg no CA = 97% Greater than 1.5 kg + CA = 57% Less than 1.5 kg + CA = 27% |
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Contrast medium for TEF |
Dinosil |
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Contrast medium for Boerhaave syndrome |
Iohexol > Barium |
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Golden period for Boerhaave |
12 hours |
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Site of epiphrenic diverticulum |
10 cm from GEJ |
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Squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus Chromoendoscopy |
Potassium iodide or Lugol's iodine |
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Adenocarcinoma of Esophagus Chromoendoscopy |
Methylene blue/Gentian violet |
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Transoral incisionless fundoplication |
Anteriorly 240 to 270°4 cm length added |
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Oral cancer Chromoendoscopy |
Toluidine blue |
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Barrett esophagus segments classification |
1 cm Ultrashort <3 cm Short >3 cm Long |
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Calibre of bougie for stricture dilatation |
52 French |
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24 hour ambulatory pH monitoring |
2 cm below glottis 5 cm above GEJ |
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LES as a risk factor for GERD |
Length <2 cm Abdominal length <1 cm Resting pressure <6 cm |
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Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy Surgery margins |
Proximal 10 cm above Distal 2 to 3 cm below |
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Heller myotomy margins |
Proximal margin 6 to 7 cm Distal margin 2 to 3 cm Adequate myotomy 10 mm Hg fall |
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Seivert classification zones |
+5 +1 -2 -5 |
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Most important prognostic factor for Seivert malignancy |
Lymph node mets |
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Esophageal resection margins |
10 cm above 5 cm below
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Post gastrojejunostomy causing reflux and gastric carcinoma |
After 10Y |
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Duodenal stump blowout usually occurs on |
Day 4 to 7 Maximum on day 5 |
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Csendes procedure done when |
Ulcer is within 2.5cm of GEJ |
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Number of units transfused for surgical management of bleeding peptic ulcer |
More than 3 per day |
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Indication for Heineke/Finney pyloroplasy in chronic PUD |
<7 cm - Heineke-Mikulicz >7cm - Finney |
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Margins for Carcinoid tumour |
5 cm |
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Valvular disease in Carcinoid syndrome |
PS>TR>TS |
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TARE done with |
Yttrium 90 Iodine 131 |
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Genetic mutations causing chronic pancreatitis |
PRESS1, PRESS2 SPINK1 CFTR |
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Normal CEA levels |
<2.5 ng/mL >5 is significant |
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Insulin:Glucose ratio in Insulinoma |
>0.3 |
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BAO and Gastrin levels in Gastrinoma |
BAO >15 mEQ/h Gastrin levels >1000 pg/mL >100 pg/mL indication for Secretin stimulation test; increase by 200 to 300 pg/mL |
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Serum VIP levels in Verner Morrison /WDHA syndrome |
> 450pg/ml |
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Serum levels of Glucagon diagnostic of Glucagonoma |
Serum Glucagon > 150 pg/ml |
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Somatostatin levels in Somatostatinoma |
>14 picomoles per litre |
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Margins of resection for esophagus |
10 cm proximal 5 cm distal |
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Margins of resection for CA Rectum |
Upper 5 cm Lower 2 cm |
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Margins of resection for CA Rectum |
Upper 5 cm Lower 2 cm |
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Margins of resection for stomach, small bowel, colon |
5 cm |
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Margin of WLE for perianal SCC |
1 cm |
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Margins for WLE of melanoma Anus |
2 cm |
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Negros regimen for CA Anus |
Mitomycin C x1 5-fluorouracil x4 30 Grays in 15 doses |
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Margins of WLE for midgut/hindgut Carcinoid tumour <2cm |
5 centimetres |
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HIPEC |
Mitomycin C at 42° Celsius 30 to 120 minutes per session |
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Return of bowel sounds after surgery |
Small bowel 6 to 12 hours Stomach 12 to 24 hours Colon 24 to 36 hours |
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Giant hemangioma size |
4 cm or more |
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Alfafetoprotein level for HCC |
400 ng/mL diagnostic 1000 ng/mL poor prognosis |
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Portal venous pressure |
5 to 7 mm mercury >12 mm Mercury is hypertension |
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Childs-Pugh score |
Bilirubin/Albumin/Ascites/PT-INR A 5 6 B 7 8 9 C 10 to 15 |
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MELD score |
Bilirubin/Creatinine/PT-INR 15 and 18 |
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Sengstaken-Blakemore tube deflated every |
12 hours Can be kept for 24 hours |
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Hypercalciuria defined as |
>200 mg/day >5 millimoles/Litre males >7 millimoles/Litre females |
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Gynaecomastia definition |
>2 cm of breast tissue in non-obese male |
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Enucleation of fibroadenoma |
>3 cm Giant >5 cm Complex Cosmesis |
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Microcalcification of breast |
<5mm multiple deposits |
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Page and Dupont classification |
RR = 1 1.2 to 1.9 4 to 7 |
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Sites of Bone mets in CA Breast |
Lumbar vertebrae > Femur > Thoracic vertebrae > Ribs > Skull - Temporal bone |
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CA Secondaries in bone |
Prostate, Breast, Renal, Lung = Thyroid, Adrenal |
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Radiation dose of Mammography |
0.1 centigrays |
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Transformation of LCIS |
5 to 15% risk over 15 to 25 years |
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Transformation of DCIS |
25 to 60% risk over 5 to 15 years |
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Van Nuys DCIS score |
3 or 4 - BCS 5 to 7 - with radiotherapy 8 or 9 - Simple mastectomy |
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Nottingham prognostic score |
<3.4 good >5.4 bad |
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Bloom-Richardson score |
3 to 5 low-grade 6 or 7 intermediate 8 or 9 high grade |
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Radiotherapy dose for breast |
50 Grays weekly in 6 divided doses 34 Grays twice a day for 5 days |
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Medical therapy as primary therapy in Graves |
Gland <40 grams size |
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Surgery as primary therapy in Graves |
>80 grams gland size |
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FAST positive |
>150 to 200 mL blood |
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Surgery in splenic injury |
Grade 4/5 Pseudoaneurysm Subcapsular hematoma |
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Definitive repair of urethral injury |
After 3 to 4 months |
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Thyroglobulin in DTC follow up |
<0.9 ng/mL safe >2 ng/mL relapse |
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CND in Papillary CA thyroid |
>4 cm size Delphian node present |
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Cortisol stays for how long after trauma |
2 to 3 weeks |
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Genetic mutations causing Pancreatic cancer |
KRAS > TP53 > DPC4 |
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VAC dressing pressure |
Minus 125 mm mercury |
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Cold ischaemia time |
Heart, lungs, bowel, liver, kidney 4, 6, 8, 10 to 12, 24 to 36 |
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HLA associations for Graves |
DR3 DR5 DQA1 |
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HLA associations for Hashimoto |
DR3 DR5 B8 |
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Anaplastic CA regimen |
Total thyroidectomy with CND and MRND, Doxorubicin and Cisplatin, 60 Grays over 6 weeks |
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Advanced Medullary thyroid carcinoma |
Debulking thyroidectomy, Vandetanib, 60 Grays over 6 weeks |
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Lap vs open adrenalectomy in pheochromocytoma |
5 cm lesion |
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Indication for iv calcium gluconate |
Serum calcium <7.8 milliequivalents/litre |
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Intraabdominal pressure for hypertension |
>20 millimetres of Mercury |
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Multifocal vs Multicentric in CA Breast |
4 cm |
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Indications for chemotherapy in carcinoma breast |
>1 cm >5 mm in high-risk Lymph nodes |
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Indications for Radiotherapy in carcinoma breast |
Locally advanced breast carcinoma Early breast carcinoma with 1. BCT, 2. Tumour margin less than 2 millimetres, 3. relapse, 4. at least 4 lymph nodes |
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Margins for Breast Conservative surgery |
1 cm |
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Light and heavy meshes |
40, 80 grams per metre squared |
