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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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**What is the purpose of using a drain?
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Designed to channel or evacuate potentially harmful fluids (blood, pus, serum) away from wound or cavity
-May speed healing process, prevent complications |
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What are the 3 indications of using a drain?
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1) Eliminate dead space
2) Evactuate existing collections of fluid (pus); provide drainage from contaminated/ infected sites 3) Prevent anticipated collections of fluid or gas (?) |
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What are the 2 types of drains?
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1) Passive
2) Active |
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**What is a passive drain?
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Uses naturally occurring pressure gradients, gravity, movement, and overflow
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What are passive drains made of?
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Soft latex (Penrose)* -not fenestrated
Rigid polypropylene, silicone, red rubber -fenestrated |
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How does fluid flow out when using a Penrose) drain?
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Flows around outer surface- not fenestrated so doesn't flow through the drain
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True or false. The type of drain used defines the classification of the drain.
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False, active and passive has nothing to do w/ the type of drain, but can't use a Penrose for active because of put suction on it the drain just collapses
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The rate of Penrose drainage relies on ________.
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Surface area
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**What is an active drain?
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Use of "negative" pressure-suction
-Increases efficiency -Independent of gravity* |
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What are 3 ways that active drains reduce the chance of infection?
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1) Rigid tubes; fenestrated
2) Closed suction drainage (sterility control) 3) Continuous or intermittent |
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When are active drains used?
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When in "deep" areas
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There's a rigid fenestrated tube placed in a horse's pleural cavity to drain purulent material.
If there's a one way Heimlich valve on the end, what type of drain is this? |
Passive
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There's a rigid fenestrated tube placed in a horse's pleural cavity to drain purulent material.
If there's a condom on the end, what type of drain is this? |
Passive
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There's a rigid fenestrated tube placed in a horse's pleural cavity to drain purulent material.
If movement and ventilation increases fluid production, what kind of drain is this? |
Passive - fluid is just putting pushed out= positive pressure, active uses negative pressure
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You have an outdoor kitty with a warm painful swelling under the mandible, what's the next step?
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Fine needle aspirate... shows pus, now what?
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Incision, drainage
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The efficiency of Penrose drains is related to ______.
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Surface area
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Is fenestration in Penrose drains recommended?
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No, it's generally contraindicated
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Is a single or double incision preferred for Penrose drains?
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Single incision is theoretically more correct (fluid flows through lumen of drain), but 2 hole technique is easier (fluid flows around lumen)
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What are the 3 types of closed suction used for active drainage?
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1) Vacutainer method
2) Modified syringe 3) Commercial product |
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How do you know when to remove a drain?
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Dependent on situation
-Usually based on fluid production, success of drainage, surgeon's impression -Typically 2-5 days |
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What are 3 ways to maintain draining patency?
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1) Initial flushing with heparin solutions
2) Use of coatings linked to heparin and antibiotics 3) ***Retrograde flushing once it is placed is contraindicated |
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What are the 5 potential complications of drains?
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1) ***Blockage or obstruction (ineffectual)
2) Ascending infections 3) Delayed wound healing 4) May result in increased drainage (drain acting as irritant?) 5) Emphysema |
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What type of solution should be used to lavage incisions or wounds?
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Isotonic fluids- Normosol R; lactated ringers solution, isotonic saline
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What should be added to the fluids for lavaging a contaminated or infected wound?
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0.1-0.5% chlorhexidine
0.5% povidone iodine Wounds: prefer 10-15 psi pressure |
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