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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the better disinfectant: chlorhexidine or iodine?
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chlorhexidine
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What IV site is recommended in resuscitation?
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the scalp
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What drugs are used IV for general anesthesia?
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ketamine
propofol |
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What is propofol used for?
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induction of anesthesia
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What can give a false reading on a pulse ox?
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outside light
dysfunctional Hemoglobin carbon monoxide thick skin fingernail polish |
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What are the disadvantages of spinal anesthesia?
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hypotension
headache parenthesis allergic reaction |
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What are the advantages to spinal anesthesia?
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no respiratory or cardiac depression
epidural can be redosed titrate to level and duration |
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What are examples of regional anesthesia?
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nerve blocks
bier blocks digital blocks |
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What are examples of local anesthesias?
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licocaine and marcaine
procaine and tetracaine |
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Where shouldn't you use lidocaine with epi?
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end vessel areas: toes, fingers, ears, nose, penis
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What are lidocaine/marcaine?
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amide
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What are procaine/tetracaine?
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ester
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What do you do to decrease the pain associated with the administration of local anesthesia?
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warm the fluid
small needle subcutaneous slow buffer 1:10 with bicarb |
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H&P is diagnostic in what percentage of patients?
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75-90% of patients
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What percentage of patients with a previous MI repeat if operated on within 3 months?
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37%
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What percentage of patients with a previous MI repeat if operate on between 3 and 6 months?
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16%
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What happens with the risk of repeat MI in patients whose previous MI was >6 months ago?
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risk drops to baseline
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What are the important effects if a patient has weight loss >12% in six month?
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delayed wound healing
decreased immunologic competence inability to meet demand of respiratory effort |
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What causes increased morbidity in obese patients?
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Risk CV, respiratory comp
Wound infections Thromboembolism Dehiscence |
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What is Virchow's Triad?
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hypercoagulability
stasis/alterations in flow vascular endothelial injury |
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True or False: Infections identified preoperatively don't need to be treated before elective surgery.
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False: Any infection should be treated before elective surgery.
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Define ASA Class I patient.
Give an example. |
Normal, healthy
inguinal hernia in a fit patient |
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Define ASA Class II patient.
Give an example. |
Mild systemic disease.
Moderate obesity, extreme of ages, diet-controlled DM, mild HTN |
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Define ASA Class III patient.
Give an example. |
Severe systemic disease that limits activity.
Morbid obesity, severe CAD, angina pectoris, insulin-dependent DM, moderate pulmonary insufficiency |
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Define ASA Class IV patient.
Give an example. |
Incapacitating systemic disease that is life-threatening.
Unstable angina, advanced pulmonary, renal, hepatic, or uncontrolled endocrine disease. |
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Define ASA Class V patient.
Give an example. |
Moribund patient no expected to survive 24 hours without an operation.
Ruptured aortic aneurysm with profound shock, major cerebral trauma with increasing intracranial pressure |
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When do most surgical deaths usually occur?
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during subsequent 48 hours
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