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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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partietal cells make?
Where are they? |
HCl
intrinsic factor stomach |
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chief cells make?
Where are they? |
pepsinogen
stomach |
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G cells make
where are they? |
gastrin
antrum |
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what does pepsin do
|
proteolysis
|
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what does intrinsic factor do
|
secreted by parietal cells
combines with B12 and enables absorption in terminal ileum |
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3 receptors on parietal cell that stimulate HCl release
|
histamine
acetylcholine gastrin |
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where are most bile acids absorbed
|
terminal ileum
|
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how many times is the entire bile acid pool circulated during a typical meal
|
2x
|
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what stimulates gallbladder emptying
|
cholecystokinin
vagal input |
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what inhibits gallbladder emptying
|
somatostatin
sympathetics VIP |
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source of choleycystokinin
|
duodenal mucosal cells
|
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stimulator of cholecystokinin release
|
fat
protein amino acids HCl |
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inhibitors of cholecystokinin release
|
trypsin
chymotrypsin |
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actions of choleycystokinin
|
empties gallbladderopens Vater
slows gastric emptying stimulates pancreatic acinar cell growth stimulates pancreatic release of exocrine products |
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source of secretin
|
duodenal cells (argyrophil S cells)
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what stimulates secretin release
|
pH < 4.5
|
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what inhibits secretin release
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high pH in duodenum
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what does secretin do?
|
releases pancreatic bicarb/enzymes/water
releases bile/bicarb decreases LES tone decreases release of gastric acid |
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what stimulates gastrin release
|
stomach peptides/amino acids
vagal input calcium |
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what inhibits gastrin release
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pH <3.0
somatostatin |
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source of somatostatin
|
Pancreatic D cells
|
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stimulator of somatostatin release
|
food
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actions of somatostatin
|
globally inhibits GI function
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main nutritional source of colon?
|
butyrate (short-chain fatty acid)
|
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main small bowel nutritional source?
|
glutamine
|
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where is calcium absorbed
|
duodenum actively
jejunum passively |
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where is iron absorbed
|
duodenum
|
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constituents of bile
|
water
phospholipids (lecithins) bile acids choleserol bilirubin |
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what are most gallstones made of
|
cholesterol
|
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what electrolytes does colon actively secrete
|
HCO3 (role in diarrhea)
|
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which electrolytes does colon actively absorb
|
Na
Cl |
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what is gastrocolic reflex
|
increased secretory and motor functions of stomach result in increased colonic motility
|
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blood supply to liver?
|
75% from portal vein
25% from hepatic arter each provides 50% of the oxygen |
