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361 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Length of esophagus is |
25cm |
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Og junction is at |
40cm from upper incisor |
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Length of esophagus in abdomen |
2to5cm |
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Sliding hiatus hernia is due to |
Laxity of phreno esophagal membrane |
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Angle of hiss is maintained in |
Rolling haitus hernia |
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Amplitude in diffuse esophageal spasm is |
160mmhg |
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Resting pressure of lower esophageal sphincter is |
10to 26mmhg |
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Ixoc for motility disorders in esophagus is |
High resolution manometry |
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Spastic achalasia cardia is type |
Type 3 |
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In des and nutcrackers lower esophageal sphincter is |
Normal |
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Surgery of des is |
Long oesophagomyotomy upto tracheal bifurcation |
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Barium swallow of des is |
Cork screw appearance |
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Surgery of choice in achalasia cardia is |
Modified hellers cardiomyotomy |
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Old man with dysphagia as c/c on barium swallow outpouching on posterior triangle seen 🔼? |
Zenkers diverticulum |
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Gold standard sx for zenker's is |
Diverticulectomy + Cricopharyngeal myotomy |
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Rx for schatzkis ring is |
Balloon esophageal dilatation Not sx |
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Ixoc for gerd is |
24hrs ambulatory ph monitoring |
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Scoring system for gerd is |
De mester scoring system >14.7 |
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Ixoc in gerd in bed ridden pts is |
Impedance manometry |
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Complication of fundoplication is |
Bloating |
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270° posterior fundoplication is |
Toupets |
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90° anterior fundoplication is |
Watson |
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Dor fundoplication is |
180° anterior |
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Collis gastroplasty is for |
Short esophagus gerd sx |
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Enteryx procedure is? Done for? |
Sev silicon Ethinyl Vinyl alcohol injecting Done for gerd |
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Trans oral incision less fundoplication is |
Esophyx |
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Rx for adenocarcinoma of esophagus is |
Radical esophagectomy |
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High grade dysplasia of barrets Best results with which rx |
Emr Endoscopic mucosal resection |
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Staging of esophageal ca is |
Endoscopic usg |
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🔼 of esophageal ca is by |
Endoscopic biopsy |
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Metastatic node in Esophageal ca on usg is |
Hypo echoic |
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Orringers procedure is |
Trans hiatal esophagectomy |
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Lower thoracic esophageal ca sx of choice is |
Ivor lewis |
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In VATS for esophageal ca anastomosis is at |
Neck |
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In ivor lewis anatomosis is at |
Thorax or mediastinum |
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Best conduit is peptic stricture is |
Jejunum |
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Best conduit in corrosive cases |
Colon |
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Mc site for mets in ca esophagus is |
Liver |
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On xray barium swallow ca esophagus shows |
Rat tail appearance |
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Mc site of ca esophagus |
Middle third scc |
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Mc site for esophageal perforation |
Cervical esophagus |
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Macklers traid |
Vomitings Chest pain Subcutaneous emphysema |
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Mc site of perforation in closed LES is |
Lesser curvature |
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Naclerio V sign is seen in |
Esophageal perforation |
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Liquefactive necrosis is seen with ___ ingestion |
Alkali |
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Mc type of esophageal atresia is |
Proximal atresia Type C |
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Mc benign tumor of esophagus is |
Leiomyoma |
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Gastric Ulcer recurrence is due to which nerve |
Criminal nerve of grasse |
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Loop syndrome with emergency is |
Efferent loop syndrome |
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Hematocrit is ixoc in post cibal syndrome of? |
Early or early dumping syndrome |
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__ foods taken to prevent dumping syndrome |
Fatty food |
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Dumping syndrome can be rx by injection? Which reduces secretions |
Inj octreotide |
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Culture medium for h pylori is |
Skirrow medium |
Also for campylobacterium |
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Flagella in hpylori is |
Lophotrichous |
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H pylori causes ___ gastric ulcers |
Distal |
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Ixoc in eradicating h pylori is |
C13/c14 urease breath test |
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Decreased acid production in __ type of peptic ulcer |
Gastric ulcer |
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Sxoc in duodenal ulcer is |
High selective vagotomy |
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Type II AND III of johnsons classification of peptic ulcers this is rx |
Truncal vagotomy Distal gastrectomy + gastro jejunostomy (billrothII) |
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Mc complication of peptic ulcer ds is |
Bleeding |
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Sxoc in bleeding duodenal ulcer |
Three point U ligation + Truncal vagotomy |
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On discharge with rx of bleeding peptic ulcer this tab is kept which stops rebleeding |
Oral proponolol |
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Huge air under diaphragm in gastric ulcer perforation is |
Cupulo sign |
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Upto what ml of air under diaphragm does xray ap view chest detects |
1ml |
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If falciparum ligament is used to rx perforation this is __ repair |
Foutana repair |
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Goo electrolyte status is |
Metabolic alkalosis with paradoxical aciduria |
Same like diarrohea |
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Recurrent duodenal ulcers rx |
Tv + Antrectomy |
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Ulcers in sliding hiatus hernia |
Cameron ulcers |
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Collor button ulcers seen in |
Ulcerative colitis |
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Acc to laurens classification mc type of ca stomach is |
Intestinal |
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Mutation in diffuse ca stomach is |
E cadherin mutation |
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Blummer shelf is |
Per rectal deposits in rectovesical pouch |
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Total radical gastrectomy + Roux en y loop reconstruction for |
Proximal gastric ca |
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Hernia in roux en y is |
Petersons hernia |
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Mc followed in india for gastric ca with mets is |
D2radical gastrectomy |
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Tumor marker for GIST in 90% cases |
CD117 |
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C/o for gist and lymphoma |
Malena |
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Cell of origin for gist |
Cajal cells in muscularis propria |
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Staging of GIST by |
PET CT SCAN |
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Primary GI lymphoma is |
Non hodgkins lymphoma |
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Careny traid is seen in |
Gist |
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Mc site of maltomas |
Distal lesser curvature |
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Mc site of ca in pernicious anemia in stomach is |
Fundus |
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In CHPS thickened pylorus is |
Thick >4mm Length >16mm |
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Duodenal atresia sign |
Double bubble sign |
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Double track sign seen in |
CHPS |
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Old female with malena on endoscopy stomach looks like water melon🔼? Rx |
Gave Argon laser photocoagulation |
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In menetiers ds ___ elevated |
TGF alpha |
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Max weight loss seen with |
BPD WITHOUT duodenal switch |
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Celiac trunck present at level |
T12to L1 |
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Marginal artery of drammand given by |
Inferior mesentric artery |
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In sma embolectomy is done by |
Foggartys balloon catheter |
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Ixoc in acute mesentric ischemia is |
Laprotomy |
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Ixoc in acute mesentric venous thrombosis is |
Cect abdomen |
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Thumb print sign in barium enema is |
Ischemic colitis |
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Mc cause of lower gi bleed is |
Diverticulum |
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Test to detect 0.1ml / sec of bleed per rectum is |
Rbc labelled tc 99m scan |
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Hyper trophy of payers patches in children ass with |
Intussusception |
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Mc presentation in meckels diverticulum in adults is |
Obstruction |
In child bleeding |
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In oglives syndrome single shot of __regime given |
Neostigmine catch pole regime |
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In blind loop syndrome ___ occurs |
Vit B12deficiency Seen in jejunal diverticulum |
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Pneumaturia associated with |
Sigmoid divertivulae with colovesical fistula Crohns disease |
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Ixoc for sigmoid diverticulae |
Barium enema |
Not colonoscopy |
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Mc site of bleeding for diverticulae |
As colon |
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Mc complication with sigmoid diverticulae |
Diverticulitis |
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Mc complication with sigmoid diverticulae |
Diverticulitis |
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Mc type of intestinal tb is |
Ulcerative tb |
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Prognosis of short bowel syndrome with crohns disease is |
Bad |
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In wilkes disease __ part of duodenum involved |
3rdpart |
Root of mesentry passes through this part of duodenum |
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Rx of sma syndrome or wilkes ds is |
Duodenal jejunostomy |
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Highest electrolyte balance is seen with ___ enterocutaneous fistula |
Duodenal |
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Epithelization of tract effect on healing of ec fistula is |
Prevents |
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On barium enema question mark colon seen in |
Hirschsprungs ds |
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New born ixoc for hirschsprungs ds is |
Suction biopsy |
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Endorectal approach for hirschsprungs ds is |
Soave |
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Bishop koop operation a temporary ileal anastomosis is for |
Meconium ileus |
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Angiodysplasia common in |
Jejunum |
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Mc beningn tumor in SI is |
Adenoma |
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Ixoc to localize carcinoid tumors |
Srs Somatostatin receptor scintygraphy |
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Kulchisky cell is |
Cell of origin of carcinoid tumor |
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Foregut carcinoids releases |
Acth |
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Mc site of carcinoid tumor is |
Bronchus |
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Valvular defect in carcinoid syndrome is |
Ps |
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Carcinoid tumor of >2cm in appendix tip sx ? |
Right hemicolectomy |
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FOLFOX FOLFIRI regimes for |
Adenocarcimoma mc in ileum |
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Anti sacchromyces cerveciae abs +ve in |
Crohns disease |
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UC positive abs are |
P ANCA +ve |
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This occurs in crohns ds Post op TV Short bowel syndrome |
Gall stones |
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Ixoc in crohns ds is |
Capsule endoscopy |
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Time release capsule in crohns ds is |
Pentasa |
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Rx for multiple stricture in crohns ds is |
Stricturoplasty |
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Type of ca in UC is |
Mucinous adeno carcinoma |
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Mass melena anemia then __ colon ca |
Right colon ca |
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Adenocarcinoma sequence is |
Vogelsteins sequence |
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Hnpcc only colorectal then __ syndrome |
Lynch I |
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Mc 1° for small bowel mets is |
Melanoma |
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Ixoc in colon cancer is |
Colonoscopic biopsy |
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Cea postoperative is__ then it is recurrence of colon ca |
>2ng |
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Acc to modified ann arbour stage A is |
Tumor involving mucosa submucosa |
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Lambert sutures are |
Interrupted silk sutures |
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Loop colostomy complication is |
Prolapse |
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Mc complication of end colostomy is |
Parastomal herniation |
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Blumberg sign is |
Rebound tenderness in appendix |
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Obturator test for |
Pelvic appendix |
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Common nerve injured in lap sx for appendicitis is |
Ilio hypogastric nerve |
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Muscle splitting incision is |
Grid iron incision |
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Muscle cutting incision is |
Rutherford morrisons incision |
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Interval appendicetomy is done after |
6weeks |
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Rx for recurrent pseudomyxoma peritonei |
Hipec Hyperthermic peritoneal chemotherapy |
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Mc presentation of intussusception in infants |
Ileocolic type red current jelly stools |
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In intussuception mostly tumor is |
Lymphoma |
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In SBO if bowel sounds absent then it is |
Non dynamic or paralytic ileus |
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Adhesionolysis is rx for___ type of SBO |
Dynamic |
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Chronic constipation may predispose to |
Sigmoid volvulus |
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Rxoc in sigmoid volvulus is |
Sigmoid colectomy |
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Ace of spades or birds beak appearance seen in |
Sigmoid volvulus |
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If caecum and appendix involved in volvulus is called |
Caecum bascule |
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Air fluids levels not seen in |
Meconium ileus |
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Special syringer for internal piles is |
Gabriel syringe |
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Mc complication of hemorroidal sx is |
Urine retention |
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Mc location of anal.fissure is |
6o clock |
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Setons used for |
High fistulas |
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Ixoc for anal fistula |
Mri fistulogram |
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Cause of multiple fistulas |
Tb |
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Rx for imperforate anus is |
Psarp Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty |
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Mc rx procedure for rectal prolapse in children is |
Thiersch |
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Boscom technique for |
Pilonidal sinus |
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Mc type of ca rectum is |
Scc below dentate line |
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Rx for adenoca of rectum |
Apr Abdomino perinio resection |
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Mc pelvic abscess is |
Peri anal abscess |
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Length of rigid sigmoidoscope is |
18cm |
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Length of proctoscope |
10cm |
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Modified hanleys technique is done for |
Ischirectal abscess |
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Length of bile duct Diameter? |
10cm 6mm |
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Resting pressure of sphincter of oddi is |
13to 140mmhg |
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Wrong turn of hepatic artery is |
Moynihams hump or caterpillar turn |
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Biopsy from hepato biliary system cancers is by |
Ercp |
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Ixoc for CBD stones |
Ercp |
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Ixoc for CBD dilation |
Mrcp |
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Goldstandard test for acute cholecystitis |
Hida scan |
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Ixoc for suspected gall bladder ca |
Cect |
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__% of gallstones diagnosed on xray |
10% |
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Mc anamoly of gall bladder is |
Phryngien cap |
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___ gall stones are never radio opaque |
Brown pigment stones |
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Menisci sign in___ indicates stone in GB |
Cholangiogram |
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Sea gull sign in ct GB indicates |
Stone in GB |
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Gall stones type associated with ascaris and clonorchis sinensis is |
Brown stones |
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Recurrent gall bladder stones are ___type |
Brown pigment stones |
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Oriental cholangiohepatatis is due to ___ stones |
Brown pigment |
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Stone in hartmanns pouch compressing cbd is |
Mirizzi syndrome |
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Gall stone forming fistula and causing duodenum obstruction is___ syndrome |
Bouve ret syndrome |
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Early cholecystectomy is done for ___ of GB if not it lead to empyema gangrene perforation |
Mucocele |
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In suspected gall bladder ca ___ cholecystectomy done |
Open |
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Mc type of bile duct injury is |
Type A acc to strassberg classification |
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Prevention of gall stones is by |
Weight loss 0.5to1kgper week |
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Type 5 bismuth class of biliary stricture is |
Stricture due to aberrant bile duct injury |
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In charcots traid ___ inj is given and wait for 24hrs |
Inj pipzo |
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After removal.of stone bile duct is sutured with |
2'0or 3'0vicryl suture |
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T tube into bile duct is kept on |
7thpost op day |
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Recurrent gall stones >1.5cm sx is |
Choledocho duodenostomy |
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Rx of choledochocele at ampulla is |
Sphincterotomy |
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Multiple choledochal cysts inside liver is |
Carolis disease |
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On usg carolis disease shows |
Central dot sign |
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Presence of cholangitis in ehba and kasai procedure was done prognosis? |
Bad |
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Tumor marker of primary sclerosing cholangitis |
Cea CA 19-9 |
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On usg triangular cord sign is seen in which congenital gb condition |
Ehba Extra hepatic biliary atresia |
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10% of psc is associated with |
Cholangiocarcinoma |
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On ercp psc looks like |
Prunned tree appearance |
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Those who under went bariatric surgery has risk of__ in relation to gb |
Gb cancer |
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While lap chole it was found that tumor extending into serosa then we need to do ? This stage is? |
Stage T2 Redo laprotomy by EC or RC |
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Lobe 5and 4bof liver are also resected in T stage? |
T3of gb cancer |
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Ixoc for klatskin tumors |
Mrcp + MR angio |
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Unconjugated bilirubin gall stone is type? |
Brown pigment gall stones |
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Comet tail shaped or V shaped or diamond shaped on cholangiocystogram is |
Adenomyometosis of gb |
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Grey turners sign is seen in |
Loin in acute pancreatitis |
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Viral infection result in acute pancreatitis is |
Mumps |
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Mcc of acute pancreatitis |
Gall stones |
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Most specific enzyme test for acute pancreatitis is |
Trypsinogen |
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Mc local cause of death in ac pancreatitis |
Abscess |
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Mc cause of death in acute pancreatitis |
Ards |
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Imaging ixoc in acute pancreatitis is |
Cect |
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Mc complication of acute pancreatitis is ? Mx? |
Pseudocyst mx is cystogastrotomy |
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Feeding method in severe acute pancreatitis |
Tpn |
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Mutations related to chronic pancreatitis is |
PRSS SPINK gene mutation |
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Feacal elastase levels in chronic pancreatitis? |
Decreased |
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Rosemonts criteria for chr pancreatitis is |
Endoscopic usg |
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In pancreatic surgeries the suture material used is |
Prolene |
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Pancreatic cancer adenocarcinoma ass c |
K ras mutation |
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Mc site of adeno ca in pancreas is |
Head |
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Incision in whipples is |
Cheveron or roof top |
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Mc complication of whipples |
Delayed gastric emptying |
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In ca pancreas on barium___ sign is seen |
Reverse E sign |
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Silver stools is? |
Thomas sign seen in ca pancreas |
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Necrotizing migratory enterocolitis is ass with pancreatic tumor? |
Glucagonoma |
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Gastrinoma in common in __ triangle |
Passaros triangle |
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Ix for insulinoma |
Intra operative usg |
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Rx for insulinoma is |
Enucleation |
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Pancreatic tumor with egg shell appearance |
Mca Mucinous cyst adenoma |
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Fish mouth ampulla is seen in which pancreatic tumor |
Ipmn intra ductal papillary mucin neoplasm |
|
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This is present on left anterior side of hilum in liver |
Hepatic artery |
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Post hepatic cause of cirrhosis is |
Budd chiari |
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Pressure in portal vein to say portal htn is |
>10mmhg |
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Bleeding from esophageal varices occurs if pressure is |
>12mmhg |
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Immediate complication of tips is |
Hemorrhage |
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Rxoc of choice in esophageal varices is |
Esophageal banding |
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Splenectomy is done in bleeding esophageal varices in__ shunt |
Linton shunt |
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Selective shunt for bleeding varices is |
Spleno renal shunt or warren shunt |
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Mc indication for liver transplantation is |
Hepatitis C |
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Mc cause of portal htn in children |
Ehpvo Extra hepatic portal vein obstruction |
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Mc cause of post hepatic biliary cirrhosis is |
Web in ivc |
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Multiple micro abscess in liver infection due to |
Staphylococci |
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Multiple macro abscess in liver mc cause in india is |
Klebsiella |
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Pair is c/i in ___ cysts |
Lung hydatid cyst |
No pericysts |
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Complication of hepatic adenoma is |
Hemo peritoneum |
Rupture |
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___ sign is seen on.mri in hepatic hemangioma |
Light bulb sign |
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Tumor marker for fibro lamellar hcc is |
Neurotensin B |
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Criteria for liver transplantation in cirrhosis with hcc is |
Milans criteria |
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Mc malignant tumor of liver is |
Mets |
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Tumor marker of hcc is |
Alpha feta protein |
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Mc paraneoplastic syndrome of hcc is |
Hyper cholesterolemia |
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Scc shows ___ ulcers |
Everted edges |
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Arterial ulcers are__ ulcers |
Punched out ulcers |
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Rolled up edges |
Bcc |
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Scc edges ulcer? |
Everted |
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Multiple painful lipomas |
Dercums disease |
|
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Rx of lipoma |
Enucleation |
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In sabeceous cyst skin is |
Not pinchable |
|
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Incision in infected sabeceous cyst |
Cruciate incision |
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Classical finding of dermoid is |
Bone indentation |
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Eg of tubular dermoid |
Thyroglossal cyst |
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Potts puffy tumor is associated with |
Osteomyelitis |
|
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Milians ear is seen with |
Erysiplas |
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Cavernous hemangioma of skin appears after birth is |
Strawberry angioma |
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___ scar is seen on flexor areas |
Hypertrophic scar |
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Length of NG tube is |
110-130cm |
|
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Mc complication of entral nutrition is |
Tube obstruction |
|
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This is mandatory before giving TPN |
Chest xray for pneumothorax |
|
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Catheter for tpn is |
Swan ganz catheter |
|
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In refeeding syndrome with the electrolytes decreased are |
Pcm Ph Ca Mg |
|
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In a IBD there are crypt abscess and pseudo polyps .🔼? Skin condition associated with this is |
UC Pyoderma gangreosum |
|
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Earliest pathological feature of crohns ds is |
Apthous ulcers |
|
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Catgut is stored in |
Isopropyl alcohol |
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Moa in catgut |
Enzymatic degradation |
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Moa in vicryl is |
Hydrolysis |
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__ suture for circumcision |
Plan catgut |
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This absorbable suture material for subcutaneous suture |
Monocryl or polyglycaprone |
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Double layer suture technique in bowel anastomosis is |
Kochers technique |
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Linear stapler are used in__ anastomosis |
Side to side |
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A suture on ear is removed in |
10to 14days |
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Minimum 2weeks time for removal of sutures from |
Back and extremities |
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22size blade is used for |
Long laprotomy |
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Deevers retractor is used to retract |
Liver |
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Morris retractor is used to retract |
Spleen |
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Classification for donation after cardiac death dcd is |
Maastricht classification |
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Hla matching not req in this donation |
Liver Heart Cornea |
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Normal warm ischemic time is |
30min |
|
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Warm isch time is least for |
Brain dead donors |
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Solution in which donated organ kept is |
University of wisconin solution |
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This part prevents cell swelling in donated organ |
Lacto bionic acid |
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Rejection of organ in 1to6months is |
Acute rejection |
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Hyper acute rejection is absent in |
Liver |
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Mc congenital d/o for liver tx |
Alpha1anti trypsin deficiency |
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Acute rejection in liver tx organ is due to |
Hepatic artery thrombosis |
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Auxillary liver transplant is done in |
Fulminant liver failure |
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In kidney tx live donated organ is anastomosed with |
Internal iliac Artery with end to end anastomosis |
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Cadaveric kidney can be detected by |
Cuff of aortic patch called carrel patch |
|
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Commonest indication of kidney tx is |
Diabetic nephropathy leading ckd |
|
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Mc indication of pancreas tx is |
DM I |
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Allograft is |
Same species |
|
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This is used to measure coagulation profile in liver tx |
Ro Tem rotational thromboelastometry |
|
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In leforts # this shouldnt be done |
Ryels Intubation |
|
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Rx of flail chest is |
Ippv |
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Needle thoracocentesis is pneumothorax is done at |
2ics in mid clavicular line |
|
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Intracoastal drainage is done in |
5ics in mid axillary line |
|
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Bergivist traid is seen in |
Diaphragm injury |
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|
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Mc artery involved in hemothorax is |
Intercoastal artery |
|
|
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Focused assessment with usg can detect minimum |
100ml of blood |
|
|
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Mc abdominal trauma? Injured mc ? |
Blunt trauma Spleen |
|
|
|
Ix in blunt trauma to kidney |
Intravenous pyelogram ivp |
|
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Zone II retroperitoneal injuries involve? Mx |
Kidneys Conservatively |
|
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Mx of abdomen compartment syndrome |
Open laprotomy make bowel out |
|
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Pressure is ____ in abdominal compartment syndrome |
>25mmhg |
|
|
|
Mc cause of oral ca is |
Leukoplakia |
|
|
|
Mc.oral ca in india is in |
Buccal mucosa |
|
|
|
Level V lymph node in cervival region is |
Posterior group |
|
|
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Rotters node is |
Interpectoral lymph nodes |
|
|
|
Senital node in penis |
Cabana |
|
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|
Guillians node |
Sentinel node in breast ca |
|
|
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In ca tongue radical neck dissection called |
Criles method |
|
|
|
Staging ixoc in ca oral cavity is |
Mri |
|
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Hemiglossectomy is done if tumor size is |
2to4cm |
|
|
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In segmental mandiblectomy for reconstruction ___ is used |
Radial forearm bone |
|
|
|
Artery in deltopectrol flap is |
Internal mammary artery |
|
|
|
Thoraco acromial artery is artery for flap? |
Pmmc pectoralis major myocutaneous flap |
|
|
|
Flap for ca lip at angle |
Estlanders flap |
|
|
|
Organism causing ludwig angina |
Streptococcal |
|
|
|
Mc location for dentigerous cyst |
Lower third molar |
|
|
|
Solid swelling in posterior triangle is |
Cervical rib |
|
|
|
Lyre sign |
Splaying of two carotid arteries in potato tumor |
|
|
|
Common nerve involved in chemodectoma or carotid body tumor is |
Sln |
|
|
|
In cervical rib compression amd release of fist resulting in pain is __ test |
Roos test |
|
|
|
Lining epithelium.of brachial cyst |
Squamous epithelium |
|
|
|
Lining epithelium of brachial fistula |
Ciliated columnar epithelium |
|
|
|
Recent inj for cystic hygroma is |
Pici banil |
|
|
|
Mc brachial arch from where brachial cyst comes |
2nd |
|
|
|
Laryngocele is due to defect in |
Thyrohyoid membrane |
|
|
|
Salivary duct of parotid |
Stensons duct |
|
|
|
Salivary gland with radio opaque stones |
Submandibular gland |
|
|
|
Involved nerve in freys syndrome |
Auriculo temporal nerve |
|
|
|
In mixed tumor unable to lift the parotid gland above zygoma is |
Curtain sign |
|
|
|
Enucleation is rx for__ parotid tumor |
Warthins |
|
|
|
Mc malignant tumor of parotid is |
Muco epidermoid cancers |
|
|
|
Most % of malignant tumors are present in which salivary gland |
Sublingual |
|
|
|
Which salivary gland shows 90% beningn tumors |
Parotid |
|
|
|
Ectopic salivary tissue in angle of mandible is |
Stafne bone cyst |
|
|
|
In hemorrhagic shock if blood loss is >35% then mx is |
RL + blood |
|
|
|
Ais injury code for git |
Ais 5 |
|
|
|
___ are c/i in head injury pts |
Steroids |
|
|
|
Battle sign is seen in ____# |
PCF # |
|
|
|
Lucid interval is seen in |
EDH |
|
|
|
Hutchisons pupil is seen in hernaition of |
Uncus of temporal lobe |
|
