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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Hamman's sign
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Crunching on palpation of the thorax due to esophageal rupture
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Pain in anatomic snuffbox after falling on an outstretched hand - What are the x-ray findings?
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Nothing, until 3 wks later
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Treatment of pneumothorax:
Small (<2cm) Large, stable Unstable, or tension pneumothorax |
Small: Oxygen and observation
Large, stable: Needle aspiration or chest tube Unstable or TP: Needle decompression, then chest tube |
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What are the 5 W's of post-operative fever and when do they occur?
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Wind: 1-2 days
Water: 3-5 days Walking: 4-6 days Wound: 5-7 days Weird drugs: Later than 7 days |
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Paraplegia with loss of pain and temperature below the level of lesion
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Anterior cord syndrome
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Burning pain and paralysis in upper extremities, but relative sparing of lower extremities
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Central cord syndrome
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Ipsilateral loss of motor function, proprioception and vibration, contralateral loss of pain and temperature below the lesion
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Brown-Sequard syndrome
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Paraplegia, variable sensory loss, urinary and fecal incontinence
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Cauda equina syndrome
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What is beck's triad and what does it indicate
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JVD, hypotension, distant heart sounds: ardiac tamponade
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Within 14 days of surgery, a patient develops fever, chest pain, leukocytosis, widened mediastinum on CXR: Diagnosis and treatment
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Acute mediastinitis
Treatment: Drainage, debriedment, antibiotics |
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What is the next step in management when you suspect internal bleeding after abdominal trauma, if a patient is (1) stable or (2) unstable
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Stable: CT scan
Unstable: 1. FAST exam with ultrasound 2. Peritoneal lavage |
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Patient goes into vegetative state after injury and CT shows numerous small hemorrhages at the gray-white matter interface
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Diffuse axonal injury
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Impaired knee flexion and hip extension
Loss of sensation over anterior thigh and medial lower leg |
Femoral nerve
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Knee flexion and toe plantarflexion
Loss of sensation to lower leg except medial side and the plantar side of the foot |
Tibial nerve
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Adduction of thigh, loss of sensation in medial thigh
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Obturator nerve
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Foot eversion and sensory loss of the anterolateral leg and dorsum of foot
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Common peroneal nerve
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What is the disease:
Patient has a tonic clonic seizure and then holds the arm adducted and internally rotated Patient falls on an outstretched hand or has a direct blow and holds the arm abducted and externally rotated |
1. Posterior shoulder dislocation
2. Anterior shoulder dislocation |
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Treatment for acute hyponatremia
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3% hypertonic saline
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Next step in management of a patient with penetrating abdominal trauma who is unstable
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Laparotomy
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Within 24 hrs of blunt chest trauma, a patient has shortness of breath, chest pain, and hypoxemia worsened by giving fluids; irregular alveolar infiltrates on CXR
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Pulmonary contusion
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What is the presentation of a far embolism and when does it occur?
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Confusion
Dyspnea Petichial rash 12-72 hrs after a long bone fracture |
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If a patient on warfarin needs emergency surgery, what should you give?
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FFP
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How do you secure an airway in a patient with:
No facial trauma Facial trauma Cervical spine injury |
No facial trauma: Orotracheal tube
Facial trauma: Crichothyroidfotomy Cervical spine injury: Orotracheal tube placed with flexibile bronchoscopy |
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What is the presentation of biliary colic?
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Severe RUQ pain after a fatty meal that is relieved spontaneously
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Best initial and most accurate test for bowel obstruction
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Initial - Xray
Accurate - CT |
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What is the treatment for:
Mild fractures w/o displacement Severe fractures with displacement or misalignment Open fractures |
Mild fractures w/o displacement: Closed reduction
Severe fractures with displacement or misalignment: Open reduction with internal fixation Open fractures: Debriedment |
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Treatment for clavicular fracture
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Arm sling
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Sudden onset of diffuse abdominal pain with free air under the diaphragm
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Ruptured viscus
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Bloody diarrhea and leukocytosis after AAA repair - What is the 1st step in management and most likely diagnosis?
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Colonscopy
Diagnosis - Ischemic colitis |
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Next step in management of a patient with air and feces in the urine?
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CT with contrast
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Bright red blood coating the stool, constipation, and pencil thin stools in an elderly patient
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Rectal cancer
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