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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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midline advantages
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good access, rapid entry into the abdomen, least hemorrhagic
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midline disadvantages
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wide scar formation, wound disruption or herniation
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midline exposure to (lower)
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uterus, bladder, lower intestines
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epigastric
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midline - higher (above stomach)
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subumbilical
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midline - below the belly button
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full midline
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from zyphoid to pubis
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vertical paradmedian
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parallel & approximately 4 cm lateral to the midline
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vertical paramedian exposure to (right lower)
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pelvic structures, proximal half of colon
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vertical paramedian exposure to (left lower)
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pelvic structures, distal half of colon
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oblique incision (McBurney)
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muscle-splitting
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McBurney exposure to (right)
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appendix
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Thoracoabdominal advantages
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access to specific organs
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midline exposure to (upper)
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stomach, duodenum, pancreas
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vertical paramedian advantages
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better wound strength, lower incidence of incisional herniation
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vertical paramedian disadvantages
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increased intraoperative bleeding, increased infection, greater postoperative pain, nerve damage
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vertical paramedian exposure to (right upper)
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stomach, duodenum, pancreas
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vertical paramedian exposure to (left upper)
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spleen, stomach
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McBurney advantages
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access to specific organs, strong closure
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McBurney disadvantages
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hemorrhagic, muscle-splitting, may enlarge nerves
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Thoracoabdominal
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right or left (from upper rib downward proximally toward midline)
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thoracoabdominal disadvantages
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difficult patient positioning, hemorrhagic, may require a chest tube
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thoracoabdominal exposure to
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upper stomach, lower esophagus, pleural space
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transverse
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across the body, horizontally
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transverse advantages
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access to specific organs, strong closure
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transverse disadvantages
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hemorrhagic, muscle-splitting, may endanger nerves
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transverse exposure to
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pancreas, abdominal exploration in trauma
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subcostal
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under the rib cage
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subcostal exposure to (right)
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gallbladder, biliary system
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subcostal exposure to (left)
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spleen
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lower oblique inguinal
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right or left side - low on pelvis
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lower oblique inguinal exposure to
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inguinal hernia (for repair)
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Pfannenstiel
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curved horizontal, used mainly in OB-GYN cases
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Pfannenstiel exposure to
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uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes
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vertical/median/midline
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the simplest abdominal incision
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