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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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8 purposes of Bandages
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1. Iimobilize something
2. protect wound site 3. reduce pain 4. hold dressing in place 5. secure splints 6. apply pressure (reduce dead space, reduce edema/hemorrhage) 7. discourage licking/chewing 8. first aid - protect from further trauma, contamination, etc... |
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What are they basic layers of a bandage?
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Primary
contact layer Secondary absorptive of fluids, provides support and pressure. cotton, pads, etc - PADDING LAYER gauze, kling, etc - CONFORMING LAYER Tertiary outer layer - physical barrier - Vetwrap or Elastikon |
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Basic Bandage Application Principles -
First and Foremost? |
DO NO HARM
monitor for vascular occlusion (coolness, swelling, pain) monitor for pressure sores / bandage associated trauma |
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Key in applying pressure bandages?
Example of a pressure bandage? |
Even distribution of compression
Robert Jones Bandage |
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Does one wound always have the same bandage?
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Nope - always re-evaluate the purpose of the bandage and adjust accordingly per wound and as a single wound progresses
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Different types of
Primary Wound Dressings (or Contact Layers) |
Adherent
- dry-to-dry - wet-to-dry Non-adherent - semi-occlusive - occlusive |
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Adherent dressing functions
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Facilitate debridement
exudate, necrotic tissue, debris - adhere to dressing - removed when dressing changed Useful in early management The down side? |
can be painful
can remove/damage cells for epithelialization/neovascularization tus delaying healing if fluid soaks through to outside, direct route of entry for bacteria |
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Wet-To-Dry Adherents
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wet gauze (sterile saline or chlorhex)
for viscous exudate and loose debris dilutes exudate for better absorption, water evaporation makes it hypertonic and draws more fluid out |
should be changed ~24hrs when contact layer dries out
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Dry-To-Dry Adherents
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dry gauze
copious, low viscosity exudate, loose necrotic tissue/debris fluid passes through contact layer to absorptive layer |
change once contact layer is dry
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Non-Adherent dressing function
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use once fibroplasia and epithelialization have begun - create a moist environment to speed up 2nd intention healing
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Petroleum impregnated gauze
(Adaptic) Advantage? |
Allows excess wound fluid to pass to 2nd layer
Disadvantage? |
Delays healing. If exudate dries, 2nd layer can adhere to wound
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Semi-Permeable Films
(2 common types) |
Film-Absorbent-Film (Release, Tefla)
Adhesive Polyethylene Film (Tegaderm, Opsite) |
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Release, Tefla
(Film, Absorbent, Film) Advantage? |
Allow gas exchange and fluid absorption
disadvantage? |
dessicated exudate can cause wound to adhere to dressing
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Tegaderm, Opsite
(adhesive film) Advantage? |
allows gas exchange, limits moisture release - keeping moist wound site
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not suitable if possible presence of infection.
also hard to keep on if no hair around |
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Foam Dressings (Allevyn)
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absorb exudate, maintain moistness, nonadherent, can use in presence of infection
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expensive and requires frequent changing
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Hydroactive (hydrocolloid) dressings
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absorb/retain lots of fluid
do not need to be changed as often may mediate wound healing |
expensive
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Alginate dressing
(Algisite, Curasorbe) |
from seaweed/kelp
absorbs exudate (20x own weight) can be used in presence of infection |
may cause excessive granulation
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Hydrogels
(Intrasite, Biodres) |
rehydrates necrotic tissue
accelerates granultion highly absorptive |
may cause excessive granulation, needs to be kept moist
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Equine Amnion
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enhances wound healing rate
inexpensive when available |
requires processing and storage
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