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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stratum lucidum seen only in where? |
Palmoplantar areas |
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What type of wound? Valve replacement Hernia mesh |
Class 1 Clean |
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What type of wound? Violation of hollow viscus without spillage of contents |
Class 2 |
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Example of Class 3 wound |
Perforating diverticulitis |
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What type of necrosis seen? Acid substances Alkali substances |
Coagulation Liquefactive |
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3 zones in hypethermic injuries |
Coagulation - Tx = excision and grafting Stasis - Tx = salvaged with fluid resuscitation Hyperemia - heals on its own |
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Normal pressures of Arteriole? Capillary Venule |
32 20 12 |
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Treatment for uncomplicated cellulitis/folliculitis/furuncules |
Hygeine Warm compress Oral antibiotica I&D |
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MC site of necrotizing soft tissue infections |
External genitalia Perineum Abdominal wall |
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MC organisms in necrotizing soft tissue infection |
Group A Strep, Eterococci S. epidermidis |
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Structure involved in hidranitis suppurativa |
Apocrine gland blockage |
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MC location of hidradenitis |
Axilla Inguinal area Perianal regions |
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Treatment for hidradenitis |
Acute = warm compress, Clindamycin, open drainage Chronic = wide excision, skin grafting, flap |
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Findings of histologic analysis in actinomyosis |
Sulfur granules |
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1st line treatment for HPV lesions |
Topical salicylic acis AgNO3 |
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Seen in seborrheic keratoses Sudden multiple eruptions associated with internal malignancy |
Lesser-Trelat sign *gastric, ovarian |
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Premalignant nevi that occurs in a swimming trunk distribution |
Congenital nevi Giant hairy |
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2 indications for surgery in hemangioma |
Interferes with function Systemic problems Cosmesis |
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Surgical management for hemangioma |
Laser Enucleation Excision |
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Most common type of skin cancer |
BCC |
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What disease? Waxy cream colored with rolled pearly borders surrounding a central ulcer |
BCC |
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2 high risk forms of BCC |
Morpheaform Basosquamous |
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3 preferred location of BCC |
Cheek Nose Lip |
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Ideal treatment for large BCC surgery |
Mohs' surgery Complete circumferential dissection with IO frozen section |
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What condition? In situ SCC Seen in the arms |
Bowen disease |
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What condition? In situ SCC Specific to penis |
Erythroplasia of Queyrat |
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What condition? Associated with skin cancer Lesions arising from burn areas or nonhealing areas |
Marjolin's ulcer |
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Surgery for BCC, <2mm lesion |
Curettage Electrodessication Laser |
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Treatment for SCC |
Excision with 1cm tumor free margin Prophylactic LND - high risk lesions Therapeutic LND - clinically palpable nodes |
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Dysplastic nevi at risk for what cancer? |
Malignant melanoma |
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4 suspicious features in malignant melanoma |
Irregular border Ulceration Change in color Raised in surface |
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Most common form of malignant melanoma |
Superficial spreading Spares hands and feet Prolonged radial growth |
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Type of SCC without radial growth and has vertical growth pattern |
Nodular |
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SCC type with best prognosis |
Lentigo maligna |
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SCC with worst prognosis most commonly seen in great toe and thumb |
Acral lentiginous MC in dark skinned individuals Hutchinson's sign |
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Diagnosis and treatment for malignant melanoma |
Excision biopsy with 1mm margin Incision biopsy |
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Surgery in malignant melanoma Depending on LN size |
LN <1mm - no LND 1-4mm = SLND Clinically positive = ELND |
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What condition? Hypoplasian or complete absence of breast Costal cartilage and rib defects Chest wall hypoplasia |
Poland's syndrome |
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Venous drainage which extends from skull to sacrum Route for breast cancer mets |
Batson's vertebral plexus |
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What nerve transmits referred pain from MI? |
Intercostobranchial nerve 2nd ICS nerve |
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Components of Level 1 lymphatics group |
Scapula External mammary Axillary vein - 75% |
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Component of Level 2 lymphatics group |
CentraI Intrapectoral/Rotter's |
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Match hormone with breast function Ductal devpt Lobular devpt Lactogenesis Release of estrogen and progesterone |
Estrogen Progesterone Prolactin FH/LSH |
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Syndrome associated with gynecomastia |
Klinefelter |
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TX for gynecomastia |
Testosterone D/c drugs with estrogenic activity |
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Treatment for epidemic puerperal mastitis |
I&D Cessation of breastfeeding Due to MRSA |
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Treatment for sporadic mastitis |
Emptying the breast using suction pumps |
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3 veins involved in Mondor's disease (thrombophlebitis of anterior chest wall and breast) |
Lateral thoracic Thoracoepigastric Superficial epigastric |
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PE of Mondor's disease |
Tender firm cord following distribution of veins |
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TX of Mondor's disease |
Excision of involved vein segment |
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MC disease of the breast |
Fibrocystic disease |
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MCC of bloody nipple discharge |
Intraductual papilloma |
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What condition? Can mimic cancer on examination, mammogram, gross pathologic examination |
Sclerosing disorders |
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3 malignant calcifications |
Microcalcifications Fine, linear branching Varies in shape and density |
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4 components of GAIL model of breast CA risk assessment |
Age at menarche Number of breast biopsies Age at 1st live birth Number of 1st degree relatives |
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4 components intense surveillance for breast and ovarian CA |
CBE q6yrs Mammogram q1 at 25yrs Breast MRI - high risk and breast implants TVS and CA 125 Prophylactic mastectomy and oophorectomy |
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Cytoplastic mucoid globules are distinctive in what primary breast CA |
LCIS |
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Microcalcifications on mammogram can be seen in what primary breast CA? |
DCIS |
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How to differentiate between Paget's disease from melanoma |
CEA - Paget's S-100 - Melanoma |
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2 diseases associated with Paget's disease |
DCIS Invasive cancer |
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MC type of breast CA |
Invasive ductal CA |
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Frequent phenotype among BRCA1 cancers |
Medullary carcinoma |
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Breast CA seen among perimenopausal or early menopausal periods |
Tubular CA |
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Specific mammographic that suggest a diagnosis of breast cancer |
Solid mass +/- stellate features Assymetric thickening of tissue Clustered microcalcifications |
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Recommended biopsy for breast cancer |
Core needle biopsy *tissue sample analysis, invasive cancer present, hormone receptor status |
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Management for LCIS |
Observe Chemoprevention with TMX Prophylactic B TM |
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Management for DCIS |
Low grade - lumpectomy Intermediate - + RT High - TM (nuclear atypia, necrosis) |
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5 absolute contraindications to BCS |
Prior RT Pregnant Positive margins Multicentric Diffuse microcalcifications |
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Treatment for Stage 1, 2a, 2b |
BCS +/- adjuvant chemo/RT Lumpectomy ALN status RT |
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Treatment for stage 3a and 3b |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy BCS or MRM Adjuvant chemo/RT Antiestrogen TZ |
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Most aggressive tumor according to molecular profile |
Her2+ Er - |
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Most common subtype of breast CA based on molecular profile |
Luminal A ER+/PR+ Her2(-) |
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Treatment for male breast cancer |
MRM Chemo RT Endocrine therapy |
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Also known as cystosarcoma phyllodes |
Phyllodes tumors |
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2 features required to diagnose malignancy in phyllodes |
Number of mitosis Invasion |
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Treatment of phyllodes tumor |
Excision with margin of normal tissue No axillary dissection |
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Skin biopsy of inflammatory breast CA |
Permeation of dermal lymphatics |
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Treatment of inflammatory breast CA |
Neoadjuvant chemo - Adriamycin |
