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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reynolds Case
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Necessary for him to go down. If they let him win, other extreme religious practices would be allowed-even murder. Bigomy can be prosecuted against, but polygamy can't because the other marriages are consenting adults & not legal.
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Dartmouth v. Woodword
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Charters were considered contracts. Started contract law. Private corps. can't broach contract. Gives us academic freedom & tenure.
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McColloch v. Maryland
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Because a fed. building in your state, the state cannot control or collect taxes from it. One of the first big watershed cases. Necessary & Proper Clause used.
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Gibbons v. Ogden
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Anywhere there is commerce, fed. govt. is in charge. State cannot grant exclusive access to navigate its waters.Partners fighting.
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Dred Scott v. Sandford
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Sues master's wife and Judge Taney rules that he is a piece of property and cannot bring cases to authority. Congress could not override the constitution. Essentially, slavery could be practiced in any state even if they say they can't. North rejected Taney and brings on the Civil War.
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Milligan Ex Parte
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Military does not control state. Sometimes cases are just bench ruling. A pro. southerner in Indiana (butternut). Milligan sues because he just had a different view & can't be tried in military. Judicial Review is one step beyond-don't even need to bring a case.
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U.S. v. Knight
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Regulate commerce, but not manufacturing. Result is that courts have to go back & figure out how to stop monopolies. Come back 20 yrs. later w/ Clayton Act to stop monopoly & punish by triple damages
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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Separate but equal. Have separate areas, but they must be equal
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Brown v. Board of Education
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Thurgood Marshall takes case all the way to Supreme Ct. First time ever reverses Supreme Ct. decision. Separate but Equal is NOT equal. Desegregation in the schools.
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Marbury v. Madison
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Judicial Review. Supreme Court of the United States established its authority to review and invalidate government actions that conflict with the Constitution of the United States.
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Schenck v. U.S.
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First determined the meaning of freedom of speech. Clear & Present Danger Test. Voiced his opinion on the war.
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Korematsu v. U.S.
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Segregation of Japanese-Americans was not racially motivated.
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Engel v. Vitale
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State sponsored prayer in schools.
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Gideon v. Wainwright
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Defendents in all felony cases are entitled to legal counsel.
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Katzenbach v. McClung
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Congress could outlaw racial segregation in this privately own restaurant because most of the food came from out of state.
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Griswold v. Connecticut
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Struck down laws forbidding the use of contraceptives by couples.
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Miranda v. Arizona
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Police officers must advise suspects of certain legal rights before arresting. Was a close decision.
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Roe v. Wade
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A woman has a constitutional right to abortion during the first six months.
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Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
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A university may consider the race of an applicant in its admission procedure in order to attain ethnic diversity.
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Texas v. Johnson
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Flag burning during political demonstration. Symbolic expression is granted with the first amendment.
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