Supplemental H And P Flashcards Exam 1

Front 1

What are the CAGE questions?

Back 1

Have you ever felt the need to cut down on drinking?

Have you ever felt annoyed by criticism of your drinking?

Have you ever felt guilty about your drinking?

Have you ever taken a drink first thing in the morning for an Eye Opener to steady your nerves or get rid of hangover?

Front 2

The terms Acutely or Chronically ill, Frail, or Fit and Robust are used to describe what?

Back 2

Apparent state of health

Front 3

Clutching of the chest, pallor, diaphoresis, labored breathing, wheezing and cough are all signs of what?

Back 3

Cardiac or respiratory distress

Front 4

Wincing, sweating, protectiveness of painful area, facial grimacing, unusual posture favoring one limb or body area are all signs of what?

Back 4

Pain

Front 5

Anxious face, fidgety movements, cold and moist palms, inexpressive or flat affect, poor eye contact, psychomotor slowing are signs of what?

Back 5

Anxiety or Depression

Front 6

When examining the skin for color and obvious lesions what are five things that are looked for specifically?

Back 6

Pallor, cyanosis, jaundice, rashes, bruises

Front 7

Excess clothing may reflect what two things?

Back 7

Cold intolerance or hypothyroidism

Front 8

Cut out holes or slippers may indicate what?

Back 8

Gout, bunions, or other painful foot conditions.

Front 9

Untied laces, or patients wearing slippers may suggest what?

Back 9

Edema

Front 10

Copper bracelets are something sometimes worn by who?

Back 10

Patients with arthritis

Front 11

"Grown Out" hair and nail polish can help you what?

Back 11

Estimate the length of an illness if the patient can not give a history.

Front 12

Chewed fingernails can be a sign of what?

Back 12

Stress

Front 13

Unkempt appearance can be a sign of what two things?

Back 13

Depression and Dementia

Front 14

When observing facial expression what is noticeable about hyperthyroidism?

Back 14

A stare

Front 15

When observing facial expression what is noticeable about Parkinsonism?

Back 15

Immobile Face

Front 16

When observing facial expression what is noticeable about depression?

Back 16

Flat or sad affect

Front 17

What four things can decreased eye contact represent?

Back 17

It can be cultural, may suggest anxiety, fear or sadness.

Front 18

If you have a breath odor of acetone what can be the cause?

Back 18

Diabetes

Front 19

When a patient has a preference for sitting up it can be a sign of what?

Back 19

Left sided heart failure

Front 20

When a patient leans forward with the arms braced it can be a sign of what?

Back 20

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Front 21

If a person has fast frequent movements it can be a sign of?

Back 21

Hyperthyroidism

Front 22

If a person has slow movements or activity it can be a sign of?

Back 22

Hypothyroidism

Front 23

If a patient has Turner's syndrome they have a very ___ stature?

Back 23

Short

Front 24

If a patient has a short stature it can also be a sign of what?

Back 24

Childhood Renal Failure
Achondroplasia
Hypopituitary Dwarfism

Front 25

If you see long limbs in proportion to the trunk it can be a sign of what two things?

Back 25

Hypogonadism
Marfan's Syndrome

Front 26

Height loss can be seen with what two things?

Back 26

Osteoporosis
Vertebral Compression Factors

Front 27

Generalized fat is associated with what?

Back 27

Obesity

Front 28

Truncal fat, with relatively thin limbs is associated with?

Back 28

Cushing's Syndrome

Front 29

What are seven causes of weight loss?

Back 29

Malignancy
Diabetes mellitus
Hyperthyroidism
chronic infection
depression
diuresis
successful dieting

Front 30

Singing, dancing and expansive movements are associated with what?

Back 30

Manic episode

Front 31

Grooming and personal hygiene may deteriorate in what three instances?

Back 31

Depression
Schizophrenia
Dementia

Front 32

One sided neglect may result from what?

Back 32

A lesion in the opposite parietal cortex, usually the nondominate side

Front 33

A flat affect and remoteness is associated with what?

Back 33

Schizophrenia

Front 34

This is defective articulation.

Back 34

Dysarthria

Front 35

This is a disorder of language.

Back 35

Aphasia

Front 36

Hesitances and gaps, disturbed inflections, circumlocutions, and paraphasias are abnormalities that suggest what?

Back 36

Aphasia

Front 37

This is refusal to maintain minimally normal body weight, BMI above 17.5kg/m(squared). Pt is afraid of appearing fat, frequently starving but in denial, lacking insight. Pt. is often brought in by family members.

Back 37

Anorexia Nervosa

Front 38

What biologic complications are associated with anorexia nervosa?

Back 38

Neuroendocrine change (amenorrhea), Cardiovascular disorders, metabolic disorders, other (dry skin, dental caries, delayed gastric emptying, constipation, anemia, osteoporosis)

Front 39

This is repeated binge eating followed by self induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics or other medications, fasting or excessive exercise. Pt. often time has normal weight. this is characterized by overeating at least twice a week during 3 month period, large amounts of food consumed in short period (2 hours)

Back 39

Bullimia nervosa

Front 40

Pt with hypertension should increase what?

Back 40

Foods high in potassium

Front 41

Pt. with hypertension should decrease what?

Back 41

Foods high in Sodium

Front 42

Rapid deep breathing is also known as?

Back 42

Hyperpnea or Hyperventilation

Front 43

Ataxic breathing is known as?

Back 43

Biot's breathing

Front 44

For the anterior thorax, lungs, abdomen and lower extremities the pt should be in what position?

Back 44

Supine

Front 45

For the cardiovascular exam the pt should be in what position?

Back 45

Elevate the head of the bed to approximately 30 degrees.

Front 46

Pt is lying on their left side for what exam?

Back 46

Rectal examination

Front 47

Patient is sitting or supine for this exam?

Back 47

Nervous system exam

Front 48

The patient is standing for these four exams

Back 48

Peripheral vascular

Musculoskeletal

Genitalia and Hernias in men

Nervous System

Front 49

What position is the female in for the genital and rectal examinations?

Back 49

Supine in the lithotomy position

Front 50

Rhythm: A beat of atrial or nodal origion comes earlier than the next expected normal beat. A pause follows, and then the rhythm resumes. Heart Sounds: S1 may differ in intensity from the S1 of normal beats, and S2 may be decreased.

Back 50

Atrial or nodal premature contractions (Supraventricular)

Front 51

Rhythm: A beat of ventricular origin comes earlier than the next expected normal beat. A pause follows, and the rhythm resumes. Heart Sounds: S1 may differ in intensity from S1 of the nromal beats and S2 may be decreased. Both sounds are likely to be split.

Back 51

Ventricular premature contraction

Front 52

Rhythm: The heart varies cyclically, usually speeding up with inspiration and slowing down with expiration. Heart Sounds: Normal, although S1 may vary with the heart rate.

Back 52

Sinus Arrhythmia

Front 53

Rhythm: The ventricular rhythm is totally irregular, although short runs of the irregular ventricular rhythm may seem regular. Heart Sounds: S1 varies with intensity.

Back 53

Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter with varying AV block

Front 54

Dry skin, aging, pregnancy, uremia, jaundice, lymphomas, leukemia, drug reactions and lice are all causes of what?

Back 54

Generalized itching

Front 55

What is the HARMM melanoma risk model?

Back 55

History of previous melanoma
Age over 50
Regular dermatoligist absent
Mole changing
Male gender

Front 56

This results from decreased redness in anemia and decreased blood flow, as occurs in fainting or arterial insufficiency?

Back 56

Pallor

Front 57

This is caused by advanced lung disease, congenital heart disease and hemoglobinopathies?

Back 57

Central cyanosis

Front 58

This is usually peripheral, reflecting decreased blood flow.

Back 58

Cyanosis

Front 59

What is an instance when cyanosis can be central?

Back 59

Pulmonary edema

Front 60

Venous obstruction may cause what?

Back 60

peripheral cyanosis

Front 61

This suggests liver disease or excessive hemolysis of red blood cells.

Back 61

Jaundice

Front 62

Skin dryness is associated with what endocrine disorder?

Back 62

Hypothyroidism

Front 63

skin Temperature in hypothyroidism is?

Back 63

Cool

Front 64

skin Temperature in hyperthyroidism is?

Back 64

Warm/Hot

Front 65

Rough skin is associated with?

Back 65

Hypothyroidism

Front 66

Velvety skin is associated with?

Back 66

Hyperthyroidism

Front 67

Skin has decreased mobility in?

Back 67

Edema and scleroderma

Front 68

Skin has decreased turgor in?

Back 68

Dehydration

Front 69

Violaceous eruption over the eyelids in the collagen vascular disease dermatomyositis

Back 69

Heliotrope

Front 70

Reddish oval like ringworm lesions?

Back 70

Pityriasis rosea

Front 71

Silvery scaly lesions mainly on the extensor surfaces?

Back 71

Psoriasis

Front 72

Tan, flat, scaly lesions?

Back 72

Tinea Versicolor

Front 73

Skin lesion that appears mainly on flexor surfaces?

Back 73

Atopic eczema

Front 74

Visible and palpable thickening of the epidermis and roughening of the skin with increased visibility of the normal skin furrows (often from chronic rubbing)

Back 74

Lichenification

Front 75

Open and closed comedones, occasional papules.

Back 75

Mild acne

Front 76

Comedones, papules, pustules.

Back 76

Moderate acne

Front 77

Superficial, flattened papules covered by a dry scale. Often multiple, can be round or irregular, pink, tan or grayish. Appear on sun exposed skin of older, fair skinned people.

Back 77

Actinic keratosis

Front 78

Common, benign, yellowish to brown raised lesions that feel slightly greasy and velvety or warty and have a "stuck on" appearance.

Back 78

Seborrheic keratosis

Front 79

Most common in fair skinned adults forty years or older and usually appears on the face.

Back 79

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 80

Usually appears on sun exposed skin of fair skinned adults older than sixty years. May develop in an actinic keratosis.

Back 80

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 81

This is benign and known as the common mole.

Back 81

Nevus

Front 82

A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral nail folds adjacent to the nail plate.

Back 82

Paronychia

Front 83

Clinically a bulbous swelling of the soft tissue at the nail base with a loss of the normal angle between the nail and the proximal nail fold.

Back 83

Clubbing of the fingers

Front 84

A painless separation of the whitened opaque nail plate from the pinker translucent nail bed.

Back 84

Onycholysis

Front 85

Nail plate turns white with a ground glass appearance, a distal band of reddish brown and obliteration of the lunula. Seen in liver disease, usually cirrhosis.

Back 85

Terry's nails

Front 86

Trauma to the nail is commonly followed by nonuniform white spots that grow slowly out with the nail, what are these called?

Back 86

White spots (Leukonychia)

Front 87

Curving transverse white bands that cross the nail parallel to the lunula. Seen in arsenic poisoning, heart failure, Hodgkin's disease, chemotherapy, carbon monoxide poisoning, and leprosy.

Back 87

Transverse white bands (Mees' lines)

Front 88

Transverse depressions of the nail plates usually bilateral, resulting from temporary disruption of proximal nail growth from systemic illness. Seen in severe illness, trauma, and cold exposure in Raynaud's syndrome.

Back 88

Transverse linear depressions (Beau's Lines)

Front 89

Punctate depression of the nail plate, seen in psoriasis.

Back 89

Pitting

Front 90

If a headache is severe and of sudden onset it could be what two things?

Back 90

Subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis.

Front 91

New and persisting progressively severe headaches can be a sign of what three things?

Back 91

Tumor, abscess or mass lesion

Front 92

Redness and scaling may indicate of the skin may indicate what?

Back 92

Seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis

Front 93

An enlarged skull can be a sign of what two things?

Back 93

Hydrocephalus or Paget's disease of bone

Front 94

Hirsutism occurs in some women with?

Back 94

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Front 95

If a patient has difficult with close work it can mean what for the eyes?

Back 95

Hyperopia or presbyopia

Front 96

If a patient has trouble with distance it can mean what for the eyes?

Back 96

Myopia

Front 97

Flashing lights or new vitreous floaters suggest what?

Back 97

Detachment of the vitreous from the retina

Front 98

Diplopia in adults may arise from?

Back 98

A lesion in the brainstem or cerbellum.

Front 99

A homonymous hemianopsia affects what?

Back 99

One side of the optic tract leading to either right side or left side homonymous hemianopsia

Front 100

If there was an occlusion at the optic chiasm what kind of problem could occur?

Back 100

Bilemporal hemianopsia

Front 101

An enlarged blind spot occurs in conditions affecting the optic nerve such as?

Back 101

Glaucoma, optic neuritis and papilledema

Front 102

Upstarting palpebral fissures are seen in?

Back 102

Downs syndrome

Front 103

In paralysis of the ____ the eyes are conjugate in right lateral gaze but not in left lateral gaze.

Back 103

CN VI

Front 104

Contraindications for mydriatic drops include?

Back 104

Head injury and coma

Any suspicion of narrow angle glaucoma

Front 105

Loss of venous pulsations in pathologic conditions like head trauma, meningitis, or mass lesions may be an early sign of?

Back 105

Elevated intracranial pressure

Front 106

Discharge of mucopurulent fluid from the puncta suggests?

Back 106

An obstructed nasolacrimal duct.

Front 107

This is a triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that grows slowly across the outer surface of the cornea.

Back 107

Pterygium

Front 108

People with this type of hearing loss have particular trouble understanding speech, often complaining that others mumble, noisy environments make hearing worse. In conductive loss, noisy environments may help.

Back 108

Sensorineural hearing loss

Front 109

aminoglycosides, aspirin, NSAIDS, quinine, furosemide etc. can affect what?

Back 109

Hearing

Front 110

Tinnitus and vertigo may suggest what disease?

Back 110

Menieres disease

Front 111

Oral contraceptives, reserpine, guanethidine, and alcohol can cause?

Back 111

Nasal Stuffiness

Front 112

Pain on bending forward, maxillary toothache, may suggest what?

Back 112

acute bacterial sinusitis

Front 113

Excessive use of decongestants can cause?

Back 113

Rhinitis medicomentosa

Front 114

Fever, pharyngeal exudates, and anterior lymphadenopathy, especially in the absence of cough suggests?

Back 114

Streptococcal pharyngitis

Front 115

Smoking, allergy, voice abuse, hypothyroidism, chronic infections such as tuberculosis and tumors can cause what?

Back 115

Chronic hoarseness

Front 116

Nontender nodular sweelings covered by normal skin deep in the ear canals suggest what?

Back 116

Exostoses, nonmalignant overgrowths which may obscure the drum.

Front 117

Movement of the auricle and tragus is painful in what condition?

Back 117

Acute otitis externa

Front 118

Tenderness of the nasal tip or alae suggests local infection such as a?

Back 118

Furuncle

Front 119

In viral rhinitis the mucosa is?

Back 119

Reddened and swollen.

Front 120

In allergic rhinitis the mucosa is ?

Back 120

pale, bluish or red

Front 121

These are pale, semitranslucent masses that usually come from the middle meatus.

Back 121

Polyps

Front 122

This is a benign midline lump on the tongue?

Back 122

Torus palatinus

Front 123

Asymmetric protrusion of the tongue suggests a lesion of what CN?

Back 123

CN XII

Front 124

Enlargement of a supraclavicular node, especially on the left, suggests possible?

Back 124

Metastasis from a thoracic or an abdominal malignancy

Front 125

The thyroid is soft in?

Back 125

Grave's disease

Front 126

The thyroid is hard in?

Back 126

Hashimoto's thyroiditis