Superficial And Deep Neck

Front 1

What are the nerve root values for the cervical plexus?

Back 1

C1-C4

Front 2

What are the nerve root values for the ansa cervicalis? what muscles does it supply?

Back 2

C1-C3
infrahyoid muscles: sternohyoid, omohyoid & sternothyroid.

Front 3

what are the cutaneous nerves of the cervical plexus & nerve roots?

Back 3

1.lesser occipital (C2)
2. great auricular (C2-C3)
3. transverse cervical (C2-C3)
4. supraclavicular(C3,C4)

Front 4

What fascia invests the superficial compartment in the neck and what does it contain?

Back 4

1. investing layer of deep cervical
2. sternocleidomastoid & trapezius

Front 5

what fascia invests the musculoskeletal compartment and what does it contain?

Back 5

1. prevertebral
2. vertebrae and axial muscles

Front 6

what fascia has an axillary sheath extension? and what does this extension contain?

Back 6

prevertebral
brachial plexus, axillary artery & vein

Front 7

what is the visceral compartment defined by? what does it contain?

Back 7

1. pretracheal fascia
2. trachea, oesophagus & thyroid

Front 8

what compartment does the carotid sheath surround? what does it contain?

Back 8

1. neurovascular
2. common carotid artery, I.J.V & Vagus nerve

Front 9

Label 1,2 & 3.

Back 9

1. visceral compartment.
2. neurovascular bundle (carotid sheath)
3. musculoskeletal compartment.

Front 10

what space is between the investing layer and pretracheal?

Back 10

pretracheal space

Front 11

where is the retropharyngeal space?

Back 11

between the buccopharyngeal fascia and the prevertebral fascia?

Front 12

what fascia does the buccopharyngeal layer belong to?

Back 12

pretracheal layer

Front 13

where is the '3rd' space found?

Back 13

between the layers of prevertebral fascia.

Front 14

Label number 3.

Back 14

retropharyngeal space.

Front 15

What are the boundaries of the occipital and supraclavicular triangles of the neck?

Back 15

Occipital : SCM, trapazius & omohyoid
Supraclavicular: SCM, Omohyoid & clavicle.

Front 16

What are the 4 triangles of the anterior triangle of the neck?

Back 16

1. Carotid
2. Muscular
3. Submental
4. submandibular

Front 17

what are the boundaries of all 4 anterior triangles?

Back 17

1. Carotid: posterior belly of digastric, omohyoid & SCM
2.Muscular: midline, omohyoid, SCM (+hyoid)
3. submandibular: 2 digastric bellies and mandible
4. submental: hyoid, anterior belly of digastric and midline.

Front 18

boundaries of anterior triangle of neck?

Back 18

SCM, midline and mandible.

Front 19

boundaries of posterior triangle?

Back 19

SCM,trapezius and middle 1/3 of clavicle.

Front 20

what are the branches of the external carotid artery (in ascending order)?

Back 20

1. superior thyroid
2. ascending pharyngeal
3. lingual
4. facial
5. occipital
6. posterior auricular
7. maxillary
8. superficial temporal

Front 21

where does the right common carotid arise from?

Back 21

brachiocephalic trunk.

Front 22

where does the left common carotid arise from?

Back 22

arch of aorta.

Front 23

what nerve(s) innervate the carotid sinus & carotid body?

Back 23

sinus = glossopharyngeal (IX)
body= Vagus & Glossopharyngeal

Front 24

what are the 4 infrahyoid muscles and their innervation?

Back 24

1. omohyoid - ansa cervicalis
2. sternohyoid - ansa cervicalis
3. sternothyroid. - ansa cervicalis
4. thyrohyoid - C1

Front 25

What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles and their innervation?

Back 25

1. mylohyoid - Nerve to mylohyoid from mandibular nerve (V3)
2. Digastric
(a) anterior - nerve to mylohyoid from mandibular nerve (V3)
(b) posterior - Facial nerve
3. stylohyoid - Facial nerve
4. geniohyoid- C1

Front 26

What 2 veins form the external jugular vein ?

Back 26

retromandibular & posterior auricular

Front 27

what is the retromandibular vein formed from?

Back 27

superficial temporal and maxillary veins.

Front 28

what vein does the external jugular vein drain to?

Back 28

subclavian

Front 29

what are the tributaries to the external jugular vein? (clue: P.A.S.T.)

Back 29

P – Posterior external jugular vein
A – Anterior jugular vein
S – Suprascapular vein
T – Transverse cervical vein

Front 30

What vein does the internal jugular vein drain into?

Back 30

brachiocephalic

Front 31

Origin of the I.J.V.?

Back 31

inferior petrosal sinus and the sigmoid sinus

Front 32

Tributaries of the internal jugular vein?

Back 32

M- Middle thyroid
S- superior thyroid
O- occipital
L- lingual
F- facial
P- pharyngeal
I- inferior petrosal sinus

Front 33

what muscle separates the subclavian artery into 3 parts?

Back 33

Scalenus anterior

Front 34

what nerve crosses the scalenus anterior?

Back 34

phrenic

Front 35

where does the brachial plexus emerge in the neck?

Back 35

between scalenus anterior & middle

Front 36

origin of scalene Anterior, middle and posterior?

Back 36

A=C4-C7
M= C3-C7
P= C5-C7

Front 37

function of scalenes?

Back 37

lateral flexion and inspiration

Front 38

Which black box is the subclavian vein and which is the artery?

Back 38

Posterior = artery
anterior = vein

Front 39

what branches come off the 1st part of the subclavian?

Back 39

1. vertebral
2. internal thoracic
3. thyrocervical

Front 40

branches of thyrocervical?

Back 40

1. transverse cervical
2. inferior thyroid
3. suprascapular

Front 41

What arises from the 2nd part of the subclavian artery?

Back 41

costocervical trunk.

Front 42

what structures are located on the left of the thoracic inlet?

Back 42

Higher apex of lung & thoracic duct

Front 43

what syndrome does a cervical rib cause? what sign is used to test for this?

Back 43

Thoracic outlet syndrome: compression of brachial plexus and subclavian artery.
Adson's sign - BP drops when arm raised

Front 44

what is the name of the genglion when the inferior cervical and 1st thoracic fuse?

Back 44

cervicothoracic ganglion

Front 45

compression of the sympathetic trunk can cause what syndrome? incl. signs & symptoms.

Back 45

Horners syndrome - constricted pupil, absence of sweating, ptosis (drooping of eyelid) and sinking eye in some cases.