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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abbe
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French clerical term; generally applied to parish priests; equivalent to "Father"
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Ancien Regime
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Old Regime
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Aristocracy
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system in which all people are not considered equal; instead, some are designated as superior (generally on the basis of heredity) and given greater privileges and a higher status than the common people; the elite group in an aristocracy is called the aristocrats or nobles
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Assembly of Notables
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gathering of French nobles in Feb. 1787, convoked by King Louis XVI in the hopes that they would consent to increased taxes and help him avoid bankruptcy; their refusal ultimately led the king to call the Estates-General
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Assignats
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paper currency issued by the revolutionaries; backed by the sale of nationalized Church lands
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Bastille
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notorious prison destroyed during the French Revolution by a popular riot on July 14, 1789
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Bourbons
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dynasty that had been ruling in France since the sixteenth century; members included both Louis XVI and the Restoration monarch Louis XVIII
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Bourgeoisie
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generally defined as "middle class"; in Old Regime France, it is more precise to describe the bourgeoisie as the wealthiest non-nobles (for instance, the merchants and lawyers who dominated the National Assembly during the Revolution)
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Cahiers de doleances
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booklets of grievances; in preparation for the Estates-General, and in an effort to be able to address his subjects' grievances in exchange for their willingness to pay higher taxes, King Louis XVI asked every corner of his kingdom (nobles, clergy, and commoners alike) to draft booklets in 1788-9 detailing what aspects of society and government they wanted to see changed; this request made Louis XVI very popular; however, in the view of many historians, it also helped bring on the Revolution by encouraging his subjects to think about what made them unhappy and to expect that these things would be changed
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Civil Constitution of the French Clergy
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the Revolution's religious policy, first adopted in July 1790, after Church lands had already been confiscated and nationalized; made the French Catholic Church accountable to the French government and people, instead of to the Vatican; bishops became elected by the people (instead of appointed by the Pope); required bishops and priests to swear an oath of loyalty to the Revolution's new constitution; existing clergy who would not were stripped of their posts; many traditional, monarchy-supporting priests and their parishioners resisted this policy and turned against the Revolution because of it
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