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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the third and least plasma protein
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fibrinogen
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what percentage is fibrinogen
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4%
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What is fibrinogen important for
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blood clotting
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in certain situations what happens to fibrinogen
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it is converted to fibrin in the presence of thrombin
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What does the removal of clotting proteins leave behind
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serum
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Where do plasma proteins originate from
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the liver
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what does the liver do that produces the plasma proteins
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it synthesizes and releases more than 90% of the plasma proteins
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What is the purpose of plasma expanders
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they are used to increase blood volume temporarily
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What are erythrocytes
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red blood cells
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what is the percentage of red blood cells in the plasma
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they make up 99.9% of the formed elements
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what makes RBC's red
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the hemoglobin
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what is the job of the RBC's
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they transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
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What is a hemotracrit do
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indicates the percentage of whole blood occupied my formed elements
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what happens to hematocrit during dehydration
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it increases
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when does hematocrit decrease
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during internal bleeding
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What happens when u centrifuge a blood sample
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all of the formed elements come out of suspension
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What is the buffy coat that is formed above the thick layer of RBC's
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the white blood cells and platlets
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What is the structure of RBC's when matured
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it has no nucleus, no organelles,
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What are the facts bout a matured RBC
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life span less than 120 days
energy demands are low |
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What are 3 important functions of the unusual shape of the RBC
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1.) large s.a->v ratio
2.) can stack like dinner plates to flow through narrow blood vessels 3.) can bend and flex |
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What is the job of a hemoglobin
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to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
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What forms a hemoglobin?
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two ALPHA and two BETA chains
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What is a heme
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a pigment complex that is located in each Hb chain
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how many HEME are located in each chain
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1
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What is located in HEME and what does it do?
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it holds an iron ion
it interacts with oxygen molecule |
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what does the interaction between an iron ion and oxygen molecule form
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oxyhemoglobin HBO2
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what do RBC's look like when they contain HBO2
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bright red
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what is a hemoglobin molecule called when the ion is not bound to the oxygen
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deoxyhemoglobin
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WHat is the color of deoxyhemoglobin
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dark red
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What is FETAL HEMOGLOBIN
and what functions does this provide |
the RBC's of an embryo or fetus
binds to O2 easier |
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how many Hb molecules does each RBC contain
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about 280 million Hb molecules
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how many heme units does an Hb molecule contain
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4
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How is carbaminohemoglobin formed
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When 2 alpha and 2beta chains bind to carbon dioxide
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what happens to Hb in Anemia
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there is a low hematocrit because the O2 carrying capacity of blood is reduced
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What happens in Thalassemia
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there is an inability to produce adequate amounts of alpha and beta chains od hemoglobin
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What happens in Sickle-cell anemia
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the RBC's become more rigid and sharply curved because of the lower O2 concentration
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how are a & b chains conserved/recycled
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the are excreted in the urine
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how are heme conserved/recycled
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they are converted into bilirubin and biliverdin
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how is iron gotten rid of
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transferred to liver/spleen where it is changed into ferritin and hemosiderin and is reused
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how is globular proteins gotten rid of
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they are broken down into amino acids
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