Sullivan General Human Physiology Lecture 1

Front 1

The simplest structural units of a multicellular organism that retain all of the properties of life are ...

Back 1

CELLS

Front 2

steps in fertilization

Back 2

ovum + sperm ->
zygote ->
(undergoes) cleavage ->
multicellular ->
differentiation

Front 3

The human body is organized into several levels of complexity. Name them in order of complexity, starting with the simplest:

Back 3

Cells
Tissues
Organs
Systems
Organism

Front 4

An organism is ...

Back 4

a complex of interrelated cells which function for survival

Front 5

Name the 2 MAIN FUNCTIONS of body fluids

Back 5

1. To provide TRANSPORTATION of nutrients to the cells and carry waste products from the cells.
2. To provide a MEDIUM in which chemical reactions can occur.

Front 6

Body fluids are contained in ...

Back 6

3 COMPARTMENTS:
1. Intracellular fluid (28L)
2. Interstitial fluid (11L)
3. Plasma (3L)

Front 7

Interstitial fluid and Plasma combined are ...

Back 7

Extracellular fluid (14L)

Front 8

Describe FLUIDS in relation to an AMOEBA

Back 8

water is environment surrounding whole animal

Front 9

Describe FLUIDS in relation to a Human

Back 9

extracellular fluid is environment surrounding body cells
* also called intercellular fluid or interstitial fluid
internal environment of body

Front 10

Total activities of every cell:

Back 10

1. All BASIC fundamental cellular processes (membrane transport, protein synthesis, etc.)
2. One or more SPECIALIZED activities which contribute to the survival of the whole organism by helping maintain homeostasis.

Front 11

What is the single most important, unifying idea to understand body function and interrelationships?

Back 11

Homeostasis

Front 12

Homeostasis
(points of interest)

Back 12

* relatively constant internal environment
* changes within narrow limits
* all vital mechanisms in the body involved in preserving a relatively constant, minimally changing, internal environment.