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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abuse plus withdrawal and tolerance
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dependency
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takes more and more to get some effect
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tolerance
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not having enough or taking away will cause physical symptoms
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withdrawal
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safely remove chemical from body
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detox
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2 psych disorders at the same time
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comorbidity
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using multiple substances
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polysubstance abuse
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breaking through the denial; address psych. issues
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rehab
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enabling; being addicted to a relationship with an addict
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codependency
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can't remember anything that happened the night before. cannot be reminded
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blackout
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substance abuse is a disease of the
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brain
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substance abuse alters
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gene expression and brain circuitry
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substance abuse affects
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human behavior
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addiction interferes with the ability to make decisions leading to
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compulsive cravings, seeking and using
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T or F: A gene has been identified that increases the risk of alcohol dependency
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true
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drugs of abuse interfere with neurotransmission of
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dopamine
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____ million people, age 12 and older, were hospitalized in an inpatient facility last year for substance abuse
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23.5 (9.3%)
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what drug has the largest percentage of drug related admission
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heroine and other opiods
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t or f: all cultures and ethnicities are affected the same when it comes to addiction
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true
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the media tends to _____ drugs and alcohol
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glamorize
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there is a higher incidence of substance abuse in people suffering from
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PTSD and anxiety
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what is the most commonly abused drug
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alcohol
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alcohol is a CNS
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depressent
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list the pattern following an increase in consumption of alcohol
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-sedation
-impaired mental/motor functioning -deepening stupor and decrease response to stimuli -coma -death from respiratory or circ. collapse |
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The use of alcohol
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relax, decrease inhibition, poor judgement, slurred speech, decreased coordination
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Intoxication using alcohol
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same as alcohol
-diaphoresis -N/V -sedation -drowsiness -emotional instability |
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Overdose with alcohol
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sedation
coma resp. depression arrest death |
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Withdrawal from alcohol
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irritability
coarse tremor N/V general malaise tachycardia increase BP |
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The first objective sign of alcohol withdrawal is
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increase in pulse
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the is the most dangerous form of alcohol withdrawal. Usually occurs within 48 hrs of cessation or reduction. S&S are agitation, confusion, delusion, fever, seizure
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Delerium Tremens
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These are late signs of DT's
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agitation, confusion, hallucinating
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withdrawals can start as early as _____ or as late as ______
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5-10 hours
48-72 hours |
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DT's are common after
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surgery (cholecystectomy)
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Complications of chronic alcohol use
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degenerative brain changes, cardio, cancers, pancreatitis, liver, GI, reproductive, immunity
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Alcohol abuse can lead to degenerative brain changes known as
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Wernicke's and Korsakoff
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The difference between Wernicke's and Korsakoffs is
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wernicke's can be treated with thiamine
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Other CNS depressants
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Benzo's, barbituates, chloral hydrate
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Use of CNS depressants
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anxiety, insomnia, relaxation, euphoria, decrease inhibitions, sedation
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Intoxification via CNS depressants
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confusion and sedation
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Overdose of CNS depressants
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respiratory suppression
arrest death |
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CNS depressant withdrawal
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increase in pulse
diaphoresis agitation |
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CNS Stimulants
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Ritalin
Adderall Cocaine Amphetamines Methamphetamines Ecstacy |
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Other names for cocaine
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crack
coke blow snow |
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You can ____ and ____ cocaine
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snort or smoke
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Other names for amphetamines
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dexedrine, speed, black beauties
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other names for methamphetamines
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crystal meth, ice, crank
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other name for ecstasy
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MDMA, E and X
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Use of Stimulants
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ADHD, weight loss, narcolepsy
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Use of cocaine
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local anesthetic, euphoria, wakefulness, hypersexuality, impaired judgement, anxiety, irritability, panic attacks, paranoia, loss of appetite
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Intoxication from stimulants
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psychomotor agitation, sweating, increased HR, increased blood pressure, insomnia and grandiosity
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Overdose of stimulants
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aggression, psychosis, heart attack, stroke and death
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withdrawal from stimulants
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depression, anxiety, panic attacks, fatigue, craving, sleepiness
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Opiods
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Heroin
Morphine Codeine Dilaudid Oxycodone Hydrocodone Opium Methadone |
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Heroin is a schedule I drug which means
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it has no therapeutic uses
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Use of opiods
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used for cough, antidiarrheals, methadone maintenance
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Intoxication from opiods
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euphoria, dysphoria, impairment in attention, judgement and memory
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overdose of opiods
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respiratory depression
arrest death |
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withdrawal from opiods
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yawning, insomnia, irritability, runny nose, cramps, N/V, diarrhea, chills, muscle pain
(not usually a deadly withdrawal unless poly substance) |
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Opiods ____ everything up. When they are out of the system the body becomes ___
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dry
runny |
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Hallucinogens
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LSD-lysergic acid
PCP-phencyclidine "angel dust" |
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Use of hallucinogens
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no tx use
altered state of perception and feeling altered, judgement |
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intoxication from hallucinogens
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fear of going crazy, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, increased BP and temperature
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Patient who are on PCP must be "taken down"
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assaultive, belligerence, blank stare
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Overdose of hallucinogens
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psychosis, brain damage, death
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withdrawal from LSD can cause
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permanent flashbacks
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Cannabinoids (THC)
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Marijuana
Hashish Marinol |
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Other names for Marijuana
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Mary Jane, pot, blunt, joint, reefer and weed
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A synthetic pill used to stimulate appetite
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Marinol
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Uses of Cannabinoids
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decrease pressure in eyes (glaucoma)
relief of N/V c Cancer patients stimulate appetite in AIDS patients non-medicinal relaxation sexual arousal euphoria |
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Intoxication with Cannaboids
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anxiety, paranoia, social withdrawal, impaired judgement
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withdrawal from Cannaboids
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anxiety, irritability and depressed mood
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Inhalants
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solvents-paint thinners, gasoline, glues
gases- butane, propane, aerosol propellants, nitrous oxide nitrates-laughing gas |
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use of inhalants
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euphoria, giddiness, loss of inhibition
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intoxication of inhalants
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excitation followed by drowsiness, agitation
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overdose of inhalants
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unconsciousness, damage to cardio and nervous system
sudden death |
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withdrawal of inhalants
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mild
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Goals of substance abuse treatment (2)
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get chemical out of the body (detox)
break through denial (rehab) |
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With detox you must assess for emergencies
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alcohol overdose, withdrawal, suicidal ideations and any overdose (except marijuana)
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When assessing you have to ask
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when was your last drink or use?
how much? how often? how long? at what rate? |
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CAGE
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cut down
age guilty eye openers (drink to start the day) |
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baseline physical assessment includes
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track marks and liver function test
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psychosocial assessment should include
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history of legal problems, DWI's, involvement of family, custody issues
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Nursing DX for detox
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risk for injury-seizure, withdrawal
ineffective health maintenance ineffective denial altered nutrition sleep disturbance |
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Nursing interventions for detox
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q4 vital signs
assess for s&s of withdrawal seizure precaution nonjudgemental approach to avoid power struggle stay in "here and now" educate regarding further treatment |
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Meds to detox for alcohol and CNS depressants
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benzo-taper, multivitamins, thiamine, folate, clonidine
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drugs for opiod detox
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revia
methadone suboxone clonidine ibuprofen |
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drugs used for detox of stimulants, inhalants, marijuana, hallucinogens
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symptom management
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clonidine
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catapres
BP med |
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Nursing diagnosis for Rehab
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ineffective coping
ineffective denial nonadherence to health care regimen impaired parenting anxiety low self esteem spiritual distress interrupted family process |
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Rehab interventions
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identify triggers
confront denial teach healthy coping teach pt and family to expect relapse but try to prolong periods between |
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Medications for alcohol rehab
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antabuse (if they drink on this they will become violently ill)
campral and revia |
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Medication for opiod rehab
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methadone
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these are acts that can indicate drug use
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wearing long sleeve shirts in hot weather
alcohol on breath unexplained weight loss deteriorating appearance and hygiene moodiness impaired concentration/forgetfulness |
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LA State Board RNP
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10-14% dependent on substance
RN's required to report suspicions confidential alternative |
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Confidential alternative with RNP
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will help you and protect your license
you must volunteer can't be convicted of distribution or felony |
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RNP will continually monitor an impaired nurse. They will be allowed to practice with these stipulation
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cant work nights or evenings
can't carry narc or narc keys can't give narc periodic random drug testing |
