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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mechanism of action of volatile solvents...
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- unknown
-assumed similar to ethanol and anesthetics -TOLUENE EXPOSURE------------->changes mesolimbic dopamine neurotransmission |
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volatile solvents tolerance (when?)
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after 1-2 mos. of repetitive exposure
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volatile solvents sx during withdrawal
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inc. susceptibility to seizures
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volatile solvents tx for seizures
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-midozalam
-pentobarbital |
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Tobacco's mechanism of action
-binds to what? -stimuates what in where? |
-binds to nicotine receptors
-stimulates dopamine transmission IN *nucleus acumbens *amygdala |
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tobacco's half-life
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2 hours
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opioids are extracted from...?
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poppy seeds
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opioid tolerance
-acute desensitization develops in...? |
minutes
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opioid tolerance
-long term desensitization develops ...? |
slowly and persists for days
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opioid withdrawal lasts how long?
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7-10 days
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cannabinoids methods of use (4)
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-smoking
-oral\ -vaporization -knifing |
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cannabinoid peak intoxication is attained in how many minutes?
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15-30 min
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cannabinoid intoxication lasts how long?
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2-6
houRS |
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Cannabinoid single joint is detected in the urine for how many days?
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2-3 days
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Heavy cannabinoid consumption is detected in the urine for how many days?
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6 weeks
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forms of cannabinoids
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-marijuana
-hashish -hashish oil -kief -bhang -charas -residue |
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physiologic effects of cannabinoids
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-analgesia
-antiemetic -antiepileptic |
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cocaine (hydrochloride and crack) derived from what PLANT?
-indigenous where? |
Erythroxylon coca
-Bolivia and Peru |
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cocaine (hydrochloride and crack) methods
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-IV
-smoked -sniffed |
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cocaine (hydrochloride and crack) FORMS
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cocaine sulfate
-freebase -crack |
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meaning of MDMA (ecstasy)
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3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine
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Nicotine is a ______ from _____ found in _____
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is an ALKALOID from SOLANACEAE found in ILOCOS
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Nicotine is how much % dry weight of tobacco?
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0.6% to 3 %
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Where does biosynthesis of nicotine take place?
Where does it accumulate? |
biosynthesis: ROOTS
accumulates: LEAVES |
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Nicotine promotes the release of what hormones?
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beta endorphins
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Nicotine withdrawal symptoms subside in how many weeks?
Except for which sx? |
3 to 4 weeks
except for craving and hunger for nicotine |
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Give 9 carcinogens/toxicants found in cigarettes
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-acetone
-acetic acid -carbon monoxide -formaldehyde -nitrogen oxides -ammonia -hydrogen cyanides -benzo alpha pyrene -nitrosoamines |
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scientific name of lagundi
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Vitex negundo
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scientific name of akapulko
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Cassia alata
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AMPHETAMINES and COCAINE produce what type of psychosis?
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paranoid delusional psychosis
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"Yellow Empreror's Internal Classic"
-and during what dynasty? |
(Huangdi Neijing)
-Tang dynasty |
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Prehistoric acupuncture was along what rivier?
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Yang tze river
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Prehistoric acupuncture needles were made of? (2)
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stone (Bian needles)
animal bone |
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At what age were thinner acupuncture needles ushered?
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bronze age
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What is the first and only branch of TCM recognized by WHO as part of international medicine?
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-acupuncture and moxibustion
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"Acupuncture" is knowm literally in Chinese as?
literally meaning? |
Zhen jiu
"needles and cauterization" |
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What do you mean by Zhen?
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needle/acupuncture
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What do you mean by Jiu?
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cauterization/ moxibustion
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What is the most YIN and DELICATE of all the organs?
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kidneys
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limit of tx using acupuncture
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acute conditions like emergencies
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