Sub-Saharan Africa

Front 1

The sub-Saharan part of Africa is the part that lies south of the:

Back 1

Sahara

Front 2

Africa:

Back 2

Is the second largest continent in the world.

Front 3

A Plateau:

Back 3

Is a highland area fairly flat land.

Front 4

Africa Is a place of extremes, from Sandy deserts to lush:

Back 4

Tropical rain forests.

Front 5

Unlike the ragged edges of most continents, Africans coastline is smooth and mostly unbroken by:

Back 5

Natural harbors.

Front 6

Unlike the ragged edges of most continents, Africans coastline is smooth and mostly unbroken by:

Back 6

Natural harbors.

Front 7

The Sahara covers most of northern Africa except for the Nile Valley and measures approximately ________ million.

Back 7

3.5

Front 8

Unlike the ragged edges of most continents, Africans coastline is smooth and mostly unbroken by:

Back 8

Natural harbors.

Front 9

The Sahara covers most of northern Africa except for the Nile Valley and measures approximately ________ miles.

Back 9

3.5

Front 10

The Sahara was not always dry. Thousands of years ago, this region had

Back 10

Rivers, trees, and grasslands.

Front 11

The Sahel Is a fertile region with limited and unpredictable:

Back 11

Rainfall

Front 12

Sahel is Arabic for the word:

Back 12

“Shore”

Front 13

Sahel is Arabic for the word:

Back 13

“Shore”

Front 14

Grasslands cover the Sahel and support crops and herds of:

Back 14

Animals

Front 15

Droughts, prolonged dry spells, are a _________________ threat to the people who live in the Sahel

Back 15

Constant

Front 16

Which parts of Africa have the fertile environment is needed to support civilizations?

Back 16

The Sahel

Front 17

How is the Sahara different now from the way it was in ancient times?

Back 17

Since ancient times, the desert has gotten drier. Thousands of years ago, this region had rivers, trees, and grasslands.

Front 18

How many vegetation zones are in Africa?

Back 18

Three

Front 19

A savannah is:

Back 19

A broad grassland with scattered trees.

Front 20

South of the _______________, along the equator, is a rain forest, a zone of towering trees, dense leaves, and climbing vines.

Back 20

savannah

Front 21

The ________________ is hot and wet year round

Back 21

Rain forest

Front 22

The main river of west Africa is the

Back 22

The Niger River

Front 23

The main river of west Africa is the

Back 23

The Niger River

Front 24

The Niger River flows _________ into the Southhill from the rainy highlands of West Africa

Back 24

East

Front 25

The main river of west Africa is the

Back 25

The Niger River

Front 26

The Niger River flows _________ into the Southhill from the rainy highlands of West Africa

Back 26

East

Front 27

The Niger River finally flowers Southeast across the savanna to the _______________ Ocean

Back 27

Atlantic

Front 28

West African civilizations grew up along the Niger River because it was a reliable source of ____________ in a dry region

Back 28

Water

Front 29

The Niger River also provided a route for ________ and _________ across the interior of west Africa

Back 29

Trade and travel

Front 30

The Niger River also provided a route for ________ and _________ across the interior of west Africa

Back 30

Trade and travel

Front 31

Natural esources are:

Back 31

Those products of nature that have economic value.

Front 32

Traders brought some of these trade goods across the desert by __________ caravan.

Back 32

Camel

Front 33

Traders brought some of these trade goods across the desert by __________ caravan.

Back 33

Camel

Front 34

Some traders came by way of Egypt and the ______ Sea.

Back 34

Red

Front 35

Africa has long been rich in minerals, but the most prized resource of Wes Africa was?

Back 35

Gold

Front 36

Other valuable minerals from Africa included copper, iron, _________ and salt.

Back 36

Diamonds

Front 37

Other valuable minerals from Africa included copper, iron, _________ and salt.

Back 37

Diamonds

Front 38

___________ were other valuable resources grown by skilled and successful Farmers.

Back 38

Plants

Front 39

Like many other ancient cultures, including Greece and Rome, African empires also enslaved people and:

Back 39

Traded them.

Front 40

Like many other ancient cultures, including Greece and Rome, African empires also enslaved people and:

Back 40

Traded them.

Front 41

Africa has a vast ___________ with smooth coastlines

Back 41

Plateau

Front 42

What are the three vegetation zones in Africa?

Back 42

The tropical savanna, the African savanna in the rain forest.

Front 43

The dry Sahel is a part of band of grasslands with scattered trees, something like the American prairies this visitation zone is the _________________.

Back 43

Tropical savannah

Front 44

The ______________ Savannah has wet and dry seasons

Back 44

African

Front 45

The ______________ Savannah has wet and dry seasons

Back 45

African

Front 46

The _________________ it’s hot and wet year round.

Back 46

Rain forest

Front 47

How is the shape of the African continent different from that of other continents?

Back 47

Africa’s shape is similar to a plate turned upside down. The rivers that flow across the plateau fall over waterfalls to a narrow strip of coastal plain.

Front 48

Was the earliest African trading empire?

Back 48

Ghana

Front 49

Was the earliest African trading empire?

Back 49

Ghana

Front 50

_________________ is an account of something passed down by word-of-mouth from one generation to another?

Back 50

Oral history

Front 51

Archaeologist believe that the first Americans to develop iron working skills were the people of Kush or _________.

Back 51

Nubia

Front 52

The development of metalworking and better weapons led to the rise of?

Back 52

Ghana

Front 53

A network of trade routes connected Ghana with ____________________?

Back 53

North Africa

Front 54

A network of trade routes connected Ghana with ____________________?

Back 54

North Africa

Front 55

How did increased food supplies benefit Ghana?

Back 55

It allowed Ghana to become a powerful government which later became an empire. The people created a society and created the division jobs and skills known as labor specialization.

Front 56

A network of trade routes connected Ghana with ____________________?

Back 56

North Africa

Front 57

How did increased food supplies benefit Ghana?

Back 57

It allowed Ghana to become a powerful government which later became an empire. The people created a society and created the division jobs and skills known as labor specialization.

Front 58

The trans-Sahara trade was based on two main products. What are they?

Back 58

Gold and salt.

Front 59

A network of trade routes connected Ghana with ____________________?

Back 59

North Africa

Front 60

How did increased food supplies benefit Ghana?

Back 60

It allowed Ghana to become a powerful government which later became an empire. The people created a society and created the division jobs and skills known as labor specialization.

Front 61

The trans-Sahara trade was based on two main products. What are they?

Back 61

Gold and salt.

Front 62

What was the most common currency of most countries

Back 62

Gold

Front 63

While gold and salt were the most important trade goods, name other trade goods brought from North Africans.

Back 63

Steel swords, copper, and skills to West Africa. They returned with Avery, local crafts, precious words, and enslaved people.

Front 64

What religion begin to spread south along the African trade routes to change the west African history and culture?

Back 64

Islam

Front 65

How was trade in gold similar to trade in salt?

Back 65

They were both valuable and in high demand.

Front 66

How was trade in gold similar to trade in salt?

Back 66

They were both valuable and in high demand.

Front 67

What is, “silent barter.”

Back 67

A way of trading without words

Front 68

The kings of Ghana grew rich from the gold-salt trade. It created two sources of revenue. What were they?

Back 68

Tax on trade and the kings Control of the gold supply.

Front 69

Why did the ruler of Ghana limit the cold supply?

Back 69

To keep gold off the market and keep its price high.

Front 70

Why did the ruler of Ghana limit the cold supply?

Back 70

To keep gold off the market and keep its price high.

Front 71

Which Muslim religious group preached holy war against all non-Muslims and invaded Ghana?

Back 71

The Almoravids

Front 72

What was the name of the second empire to appear in west Africa?

Back 72

Mali

Front 73

Why was Iron working an important skill in ancient times?

Back 73

Because you could make tools and weapons. With tools you could do more farming and produce more food. With weapons, you could defeat your enemies.

Front 74

Why was Iron working an important skill in ancient times?

Back 74

Because you could make tools and weapons. With tools you could do more farming and produce more food. With weapons, you could defeat your enemies.

Front 75

How did iron working help the Soninke established their empire?

Back 75

They based their power on their superior weapons. They had iron swords and spears while their neighbors still used wooden clubs.

Front 76

Why was salt so important to West Africans?

Back 76

Not not only did salt add flavor to their food, it was also essential for their good health.

Front 77

Why is oral history important to historians of Africa

Back 77

Because ancient West Africans left no written records. The regency story ends have had to rely mainly on archaeology and oral history.

Front 78

Why is oral history important to historians of Africa

Back 78

Because ancient West Africans left no written records. The regency story ends have had to rely mainly on archaeology and oral history.

Front 79

How did labor specialization change peoples work?

Back 79

Not everyone had to work at growing food. Instead some people could become experts and other kinds of jobs.

Front 80

Ghana never recovered after the Almoravid invasion. A new Empire grew in their place. What was the name of this new empire?

Back 80

Mali empire

Front 81

In 1203, a leader named Sumanguru took over what was left of the old empire of Ghana. He was known as the, “Sorcerer King” because he was said to have _______________________.

Back 81

Magical powers

Front 82

Who defeated Sumanguru the Sorcerer King?

Back 82

Sundiata

Front 83

How did Sundiata become the ruler of Mali?

Back 83

He defeated Sumanguru, Took control of the rich gold and salt trade and his armies restore peace throughout the land.

Front 84

What is

Back 84

A change in religion

Front 85

What is inflation

Back 85

A general rise in prices.

Front 86

What is inflation

Back 86

A general rise in prices.

Front 87

What city became a center for Islamic scholarship or formal study and learning?

Back 87

Timbuktu

Front 88

Why did Mansa Musa travel to mecca?

Back 88

Pilgrimage is one of the five pillars of Islam, the duties of a faithful Muslim.