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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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348. Osteochondritis dissecans?
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a. An areas of necrotic bone and degenerative changes in the overlying cartilage.
b. The bone/cartilage may piece may separate from the underlying bone and become a loose body in the joint, causing symptoms of pain, catching, and popping. |
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349. Treatment of Osteochondritis dissecans?
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a. Tx options are limited.
b. If loose fragment in joint, arthroscopic removal of fragments is indicated |
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350. Baker’s cyst?
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a. Caused by intra-articular pathology (e.g., meniscus tear)
b. Rupture can cause pain/swelling, and it extends into calf, may mimic thrombophlebitis or acute DVT. |
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351. Dx of Baker’s cyst?
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a. U/S may help in diagnosis.
b. It is more common in pts w/rheumatoid disease or osteoarthritis. c. Majority resolve spontaneously. |
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352. Patellar tendinitis “jumper’s knee” cause?
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a. An “overuse” injury from running and jumping sports.
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353. Presentation of Patellar tendinitis “jumper’s knee”?
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a. Anterior knee pain at inferior pole of patella- common.
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354. Tx of Patellar tendinitis “jumper’s knee”?
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a. Activity modification
b. And c. Quad/hamstring rehab (stretching/strengthening program). |
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355. Why is it helpful to differentiate pts w/predominantly low back pain from those w/predominantly leg pain?
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a. Bc when conservative tx has failed, surgery is often effective for leg pain, but results for low back pain are less predictable.
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356. Management of low back pain?
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a. Avoid prolonged inactivity- this leads to deconditioning.
b. In the first week, attempt a walking routine (20 min 3x/day), interspersed w/bed rest). |
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357. Utility of XR in the Diagnosis of knee pain?
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a. If degenerative disease is suspected or if there is a hx of trauma or acute injury.
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358. Utility of MRI in the Diagnosis of knee pain?
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a. If any ligamentous instability is apparent or a meniscus tear is suspected.
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359. Utility of Knee aspiration in the Diagnosis of knee pain?
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a. Use this for analysis of synovial fluid if septic joint is suspected.
b. In general, synovial fluid exam is recommended for monoarticular joint swelling. c. It may relieve symptoms. |
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360. Cause of Charcot joint?
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a. Diabetes
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361. 3 ligaments of the lateral side of the ankle?
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1. Anterior talofibular ATFL
2. Calcaneofibular CFL 3. Posterior Talofibular. |
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362. Which lateral ankle ligament is most commonly injured?
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a. Anterior talofibular
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363. Note: the Medial side ligaments (deltoid ligament) are typically not injured in a classic ankle sprain.
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363. Note: the Medial side ligaments (deltoid ligament) are typically not injured in a classic ankle sprain.
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364. Grade 1 ankle sprain?
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a. Partial rupture of ATFL
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365. Grade 2 ankle sprain?
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a. Complete rupture of ATFL and partial rupture of CFL.
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366. Grade 3 ankle sprain?
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a. Complete rupture of both ATFL and CFL.
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367. Signs in the diagnosis of Ankle Sprain?
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a. Pts typically have tenderness directly over the injured ligament.
b. ATFL is located just at the anterior tip of the distal fibula. c. Ankle radiographs are not necessary if the following conditions are met (Ottawa rules) |
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368. Ottawa rules for whether or not ankle radiographs are needed?
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a. Ankle radiographs are not necessary if the following conditions are met:
1. Pt is able to walk four steps at time of injury and at time of evaluation 2. There is no bony tenderness over distal 6 cm of either malleolus. |
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369. Treatment of all acute ankle sprains (even severe ankle sprains) overview?
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a. RICE and physical therapy
b. Surgery is rarely, if ever, needed acutely. |
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370. When may surgery be indicated for ankle sprains?
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a. For recurrent ankle sprains.
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371. Specific steps in Treatment of ankle sprains?
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1. RICE in the acute period, then controlled pain-free range of motion exercises w/gradual return to wt. bearing.
2. PT after the acute phase of swelling has subsided to regain full range of motion, strength, and proprioception. 3. PT involves peroneal tendon strengthening and proprioceptive training. b. Surgery is rarely necessary acutely, even for grade 3 sprains. c. Chronic ankle instability (recurrent ankle sprains) needs further eval by an ortho. |
