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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Personality psychology is ...
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the scientific study of the whole person
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• Personality psychologists often study _______ in people
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individual differences
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account for consistencies we perceive or expect in behaviour from one situation to the next over time
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traits
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• Good trait measures are useful in predicting ________and _________
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behaviour over time
across situations |
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What are the bif five traits
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openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism
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broad dimensions of personality that describe assumedly internal, global, and stable individual differences in behaviour, thought and feeling
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Dispositional traits
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are contextualized facets of human individuality that speak to motivational, cognitive, and developmental concerns
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characteristic adaptations
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is an internalized and evolving narrative of the self that integrates the reconstructed past, perceived present, and anticipated future in order to provide a life with a sense of unity and purpose
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life story
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Seven standards by which a scientific theory may be judged:
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1) comprehensiveness
2) Parsimony 3) coherence 4) testability 5) empirical validity 6) Usefulness 7) generativity |
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What are the three steps in building a study?
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1) unsystematic observation
2)building theories 3) evaluating propositions |
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-scientific hypothesis should be
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grounded in theories
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The two general formats of hypothesis testing research are the _____ and the ______
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correlation and experimental design
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- American psychology was ______ meaning it aimed to discover and test general principles or laws of behaviours
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nomothetic
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- Allport argued for an ______ approach to personality, which ignores general laws to discern the specific and individual patternings of particular lives
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idiographic
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- _____to ____was marked by the establishment of the field and the development of a number of general systems
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1930 to 1950
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_____ and ____personality psychologists proposed comprehensive conceptual systems for understanding the person
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1930s and 1940s
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- ____ to ____ focussed instead on problems and controversies concerning personality measurement
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1950 to 1970
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“includes all aspects of personality that make for inward unity”
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Proprium
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neuropsychic structure having the capacity to render many stimuli functionally equivalent and to initiate and guide equivalent forms of adaptive and expressive behaviour”
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trait
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during the ___ and ____ was Mischel's critique in which he argued against explantions of human behaviour based on internal personality traits and in favour of explanations that focused on the situational and cognitive/social learning determinants of behaviour
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1960s and early 70s
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the scientist attempts to evaluate or “justify” the truth of a given statement proposed by a given theory
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context of justification
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