Study Notecards

Front 1

what is the theory called to the formulation of a more far-reaching theory?

Back 1

Plate tectonics. this theory not not inly describes continental movement but also proposes a possible explanation of why and how continents move

Front 2

What does Tektonikos mean?

Back 2

construction

Front 3

what are the two types of crust.

Back 3

continental crust and oceanic crust

Front 4

What makes oceanic crust?

Back 4

material from the sea floor

Front 5

Continental crust makes up what?

Back 5

The continents landmasses

Front 6

what do both oceanic and continental crust and the rigid upper most mantle make up?

Back 6

Lithosphere

Front 7

What is benenath the lithisphere that is alayer of plastic rock, that is, solid rock that slowly flows when under pressure?

Back 7

Asthenosphere

Front 8

according to the theory of plate tectonics, the __________ is broken into separate plats tat ride on the denser asthenosphere.

Back 8

Lithosphere

Front 9

what are lithospheric plates?

Back 9

Plates that make up the lithosphere

Front 10

How many plates are found in the lithosphere?

Back 10

About 30 lithospheric plates and some of them are moving at each other

Front 11

the constent movement what on earth?

Back 11

the constent movement has caused earth's major surface features, such a mountain ranges and deep-ocean trenches

Front 12

how many types of plate boundary(s)

Back 12

3 each of which is assiciated with a characteristic type of geologic

Front 13

when two plates are moving away from each other they form what?

Back 13

Divergent boundary. also molten rock from the asthenosphere rises and fills the space between the plates

Front 14

what happens when the molten rock cools?

Back 14

it hardens onto the edges of the separating plates and ceates new oceanic crust

Front 15

where are more divergent boundaries found?

Back 15

ocean floor

Front 16

what is in the center of the mid ocean ridge that is narrow valley formed as the plate separate

Back 16

rift valley

Front 17

when there is a direct collision of one plate with another makes anoher type of boundary called what?

Back 17

Convergent boundary

Front 18

how many collisions that can occur?

Back 18

3 types of collisions can occur at convergent boundaries

Front 19

what are the three types of collisions

Back 19

when oceanic crust collides with continental crust

when two plates with continental crust at their leading edges come together

when oceanic crust and oceanic crust collides.

Front 20

where do transform fault boundaries form?

Back 20

where two plates are grinding past each other

Front 21

true or false. Plate edges usually do not slide past each other smoothly

Back 21

true

Front 22

many earth scientist think that the movement of lithospheric plates is due to what?

Back 22

convection - the transfer of heat through the movement of heated fluid material.

Front 23

what is the term called when hot water rises and cool water sinks to replace it?

Back 23

Convection current

Front 24

what occurs when some material in the lower asthenosphere to become hotter and therefore less dense than the material above it?

Back 24

heat from the earth's core and mantle

Front 25

what happens to the lithosphere when heat rises from the asthenosphere

Back 25

it cools, it becomes more dense and starts to sink.the cooling matrial is pushed to the sid by new hot material that rises.

Front 26

what happenes when the process continues when heat rises and cold things move away

Back 26

The lithospheric plates carry along with the moving material

Front 27

What is one peice of evidence of convecting currents?

Back 27

Recent studies of the ocean floor

Front 28

What do scientist think causes movement of Lithospheric plates?

Back 28

Convection - the transfer of heat through the movement of heated fluid material.

Front 29

What is the process called when hot water rises and cool water sinks?

Back 29

It is called Convection current.

Front 30

Were does the convection current (scientist think) happen on earth?

Back 30

Asthenosphere

Front 31

What cause the material in the lower part of the asthenosphere to become hotter and therefore less dense than the material above it?

Back 31

Heat from the earth's core and mantle cause that to happen to the LOWER part of the asthenosphere

Front 32

What happens when the hot material form the asthenosphere when it reaches to the lithosphere.

Back 32

It cool when the heat from the asthenosphere reaches to the base of the lithosphere. Also the molten rock cools and it becomes more dense and starts to sink. The cooling material is pushed to the side by new hot material that rise. The lithospheric plate is carried along with the moving material.

Front 33

Where does the evidence of the convection currents come from?

Back 33

It comes from resent studies of the ocean floor

Front 34

What have scientist found from the measurement t of the amount of heat leaving rocks at various points in the lithosphere?

Back 34

Around plate boundaries where two plate are moving apart than it is elsewhere on the ocean floor.

Front 35

True or false plate tectonics can explain how the continents where formed?

Back 35

False no can explain how the continents were FORMED.

Front 36

What is one theory that was proposed that could explain how the continents were formed?

Back 36

The theory of suspect terranes. This theory says that the continents are actually a patchwork of terranes- pieces of lithosphere, each with its own distinct geologic history.

Front 37

What are the three characteristics that each terrane has?

Back 37

One a terran should contain rock and fossils that differ from the rock and fossils of neighboring terrane. Two the three major faults at the boundaries of a terraine. Third the magnetic properties of a terrane do not match those of neighboring terranes.

Front 38

How many terranes have they found in San Francisco bay Area along.

Back 38

10 different terranes

Front 39

According to what theory blocks of terranes are carried along on the ocean floor by the action of seafloor spreading to a lithospheric plate boundary where subduction is occurring?

Back 39

Suspect terrane theory

Front 40

What happens to the terrane if the oceanic crust moves under the continental crust?

Back 40

The terrane are scraped off the descending ocean floor. Also some terranes might form mountains and others might ass to the surface area of a continent