Study Guide Science Cards

Front 1

What percent of Earth’s water is fresh water?

Back 1

3%

Front 2

What is water called that falls to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail called?

Back 2

precipitation

Front 3

What is water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rocks called?

Back 3

groundwater

Front 4

what are the streams and small rivers that feed into a main river called?

Back 4

tributaries

Front 5

Why do wetlands provide good habitats for many living things?

Back 5

They have sheltered waters and good nutrient supply

Front 6

What is an aquifer?

Back 6

An underground layer of rock, or sediment that holds water

Front 7

What is a well in which groundwater rises because of pressure called?

Back 7

Artisan well

Front 8

What are the 3 major steps in of the water cycle?

Back 8

evaporation, condensation, precipitation

Front 9

Because plants use water to undergo photosynthesis and release water into the atmosphere what part of the water cycle does this contribute to?

Back 9

evaporation

Front 10

What is the horizontal distance between wave crests?

Back 10

wavelength

Front 11

What is the size of a wave NOT affected by?

Back 11

salinity, temperature, density

Front 12

As a wave nears shore, what happens to the wave heights and wavelength?

Back 12

it decreases

Front 13

What does the salinity of water measure?

Back 13

dissolved salts

Front 14

In which zone is ocean temperature most affected by the weather?

Back 14

surface zone

Front 15

What happens as you descend through the water column?

Back 15

temperature decreases, pressure increases, light decreases, density increases

Front 16

What are tides caused by?

Back 16

the interaction of the earth, moon and sun

Front 17

what is the large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans called?

Back 17

current

Front 18

in the Northern Hemisphere, why do the current curve to the right?

Back 18

coriolis affect

Front 19

What is the movement of cold, deep ocean water to replace with warm water at the surface called?

Back 19

upwellings

Front 20

name 3 examples of freshwater wetlands

Back 20

marshes, bogs, swamps

Front 21

what is a place where heated groundwater bubbles to the surface is called?

Back 21

hot spring

Front 22

what 2 factors make ocean floor research difficult?

Back 22

high pressure, low temperature

Front 23

What is the movement of energy through a body of water?

Back 23

a wave

Front 24

what type of currents do wind cause?

Back 24

surface currents

Front 25

what is the top of the saturated zone called?

Back 25

the water table

Front 26

What measurement is affected by the evaporation of seawater?

Back 26

salinity

Front 27

what is the daily rise and fall of water on the coastlines called?

Back 27

tides

Front 28

What force causes tides?

Back 28

gravity

Front 29

Identify and name the place where water changes from a liquid to a gas

Back 29

evaporation

Front 30

How does precipitation become groundwater?

Back 30

Precipitation hits earth's surface and becomes runoff that flows across the surface. some of it soaks into the ground, becoming groundwater

Front 31

Identify and name the place where water returns to Earth's surface from the atmosphere

Back 31

precipitation

Front 32

Using the diagram, describe two different paths a raindrop falling in the mountains might take to reach the ocean.

Back 32

A raindrop will fall in the mountains, runoff into a stream, flow into a river, and then into the ocean.A raindrop will fall on a lake, flow from the lake into a river, and then into the ocean.

Front 33

Identify and name the step in which droplets of water clump together around tiny dust particles in the air.

Back 33

condensation