Study Guide Ccna Icnd Part I

Front 1

What is a router?

Back 1

A device responsible for forwarding data packets along networks.

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Front 2

What does the router have to do on networks with a mesh configuration?

Back 2

Multiple paths exist so the router has to look for the best possible path (via packet headers and forwarding tables) on behalf of its users.

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Front 3

For a router to be useful, it has to be connected to at least _______ networks.

Back 3

two. This is why routers are typically located at gateways where the networks connect.

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Front 4

What are switches?

Back 4

Data link layer devices that enable multiple physical LAN segments to be interconnected. Simply put, a larger LAN can be built through switching. A big LAN may be segmented into smaller ones through switching.
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Front 5

What layer does routing take place on?

Back 5

layer 3

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Front 6

What layer does switching usually take place at?

Back 6

Switching in general takes place at layer 2, although Cisco now supports multi-layer switching on certain devices.

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Front 7

Formally speaking, networks are made up of four basic components. What are they?

Back 7

Protocols, Transmission media, NOS (Network Operating System) and Shared resources.
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Front 8

What are the two major types of networks?

Back 8

Peer-to-peer networks and Server based networks.
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Front 9

Where are peer-to-peer networks commonly used?

Back 9

Peer-to-peer networks are used in many households and in small companies.
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Front 10

What can a peer-to-peer network do?

Back 10

Each computer in a peer-to-peer network can both share and use resources like files and printers.
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Front 11

How is a Server based network different from a peer-to-peer network?

Back 11

A Server based network allows for more hosts, it has a solid security model and is scalable. It revolves around a model that the end users attach to a security domain that allows control over centralized resources.
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Front 12

What does the OSI model define?

Back 12

The OSI model actually defines a framework for implementing protocols in seven layers in such a way that control is passed from one layer to the next, station to station.
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Front 13

What is the OSI Application Layer responsible for?

Back 13

The Application layer is responsible for identifying and establishing the availability of desire communication partner and verifying sufficient resources exist for communication. Protocols such as HTTP, SMTP and FTP work in this layer. This is layer 7.
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Front 14

Protocols such as HTTP, SMTP and FTP work in what OSI Layer?

Back 14

The Application Layer, layer 7.

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Front 15

What is the OSI Presentation Layer responsible for?

Back 15

Also known as the syntax layer, the Presentation Layer is responsible for presenting the data in standard formats and proveds services such as data compression, encryption, and decryption. Some of the well-known standards at this layer are JPEG, MPEG, MIDI, PICT, Quick Time, and TIFF. Layer 6.
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Front 16

In the OSI model, what is the Session Layer responsible for?

Back 16

In the OSI model, the Session Layer is responsible for coordinating communication between network nodes. Simply put, it deals with session and connection coordination. Well known session layer protocols and interfaces include NFS, SQL and RPC. Layer 5
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Front 17

What well known standards are found at the Session Layer?

Back 17

NFS, SQL and RPC.
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Front 18

What is the responsibility of the Transport Layer of the OSI model?

Back 18

The Transport Layer is responsible for flow control, with the primary aim of maintaining data integrity. Simply put, it works to ensure complete data transfer. Layer 4.
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Front 19

What is the primary responsibility of the Network Layer in the OSI model?

Back 19

The Network Layer has the primary responsibility of sending data packets from source network to the destination network using a pre-specified routing method. Most routers work at this layer. Layer 3.
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Front 20

Most routers work at what layer of the OSI model?

Back 20

Most routers work at the Network Layer, Layer 3.
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Front 21

The Data Link Layer of the OSI model is divided into what sub-layers?

Back 21

The Data Link Layer is divided into the sub-layers of Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC). The LLC sub-layer handles tasks such as error control, flow control and framing, while the MAC sub-layer handles access to shared media.
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Front 22

What does the sub-layer, Logical Link Control (LLC) do?

Back 22

The LLC sub-layer handles task such as error control, flow control and framing.
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Front 23

What does the sub-layer, Media Access Control (MAC) do?

Back 23

The MAC sub-layer handles access to shared media.
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Front 24

What layer of the OSI model is the Data Link Layer?

Back 24

Layer 2.

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Front 25

What does the OSI model Physical Layer do?

Back 25

The Physical Layer is where the actual flow of signals is taking place. At this layer, the physical interface between the DTE and DCE is determined. Layer 7. Note that the protocols such as Fast Ethernet, RS232, and ATM all include components that function at this level.
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Front 26

WAN protocols such as Frame Relay operate at what Layer of the OSI model?

Back 26

Layer 2, the Data Link Layer.

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Front 27

Routers operate at what layer of the OSI model?

Back 27

Layer 3, Network Layer

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Front 28

Who developed SSL?

Back 28

Netscape

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Front 29

What is the purpose of SSL?

Back 29

Netscape developed SSL for transmitting private documents over the Internet.

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Front 30

How does the SSL technology work?

Back 30

SSL technology works by using a private key to encrypt data that is transferred over the secured connection. Since a secure connection is established between the client and the server, any amount of data may be sent securely through the connection.

Front 31

URLs that require an SSL connection start with _______.

Back 31

"https:"

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Front 32

Web applications run mostly through what two protocols?

Back 32

HTTP and SSL

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Front 33

The most commonly used protocols for establishing connectivity from the console to the remote device are:

Back 33

Telnet, FTP, and TFTP

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Front 34

Telnet, FTP and TFTP are all considered as __________- ___________ protocols.

Back 34

client-server

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Front 35

What is one major problem with Tenet?

Back 35

One major problem with Telnet is security - the password is transmitted in clear text and is therefore subject to security attack of different kinds
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