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250 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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agglutination
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process of clumping together, as of blood cells that are incompatible
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anemia
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lack of RBC. It is a reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells, the amt of hemoglobin or the vol of packed red cells
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anisocytosis
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condition in which the erthrocytes are unequal in size and shape
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antibody
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protein substance produced in the body in response to an invading foreign substance
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anticoagulant
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substance that works against the formation of blood clots. a medication used in certain patients to prevent blood from clotting
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antigen
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invading foreign substance that induces the formation of antibodies
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autoimmune disease
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condition in which the body's immune system becomes defective and produces antibodies against itself
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autotransfusion
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process of reinfusing a patients own blood 1-3 weeks before elective surgery
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basophil (baso)
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a WBC that has an attraction for a base dye
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hemochromatosis
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genetic disease in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues
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hemoglobin (Hb, Hgb, HGB)
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Blood protein, the iron containing pigment of red blood cells that carries oxygen form the lungs to the tissues
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hemolysis
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destruction of red blood cells
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hemophilia
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hereditary blood disease characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed
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hemorrhage
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literally means bursting forth of blood
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hemostasis
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control or stopping of bleeding
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heparin
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natural substance found in the liver, lungs and other body tissues that inhibits blood clotting
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leuk/o
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white
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cyt/o
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cell
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penia
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lack of
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lymph
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lymph
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aden
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gland
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itis
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inflammation
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tomy
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incision
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angi/o
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vessel
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edema
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swelling
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lymphoma
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lymphoid neoplasm usually malignant
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lymphostasis
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control or stopping of the flow of lymph
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macrocyte
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abnormally large erythrocyte
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monocyte (mono)
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largest leukocyte, which has one nucleus
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mononucleosis
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condition of excessive amounts of mononuclear leukocytes in the blood
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neutrophil
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leukocyte that stains with neutral dyes
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opportunistic infection
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protozoal, fungal, viral or bacterial infection that occurs when the immune system is compromised.
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pancytopenia
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literally means lack of the cellular elements of the blood
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phagocytosis
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engulfing and eating of particulate substances such as bacteria, protoza, cells and cell debris
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plasma
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flluid part of the blood
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plasmapheresis
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removal of blood from the body and centrifuging it to separate the plasma from blood
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Pneumocytis carinii
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protozoan that causes Pneumocystis carnii pneumonia
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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
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opportunisitic infection that is prevalent in AIDS patients
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polcythemia
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increased number of RBC
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prothrombin
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chemical substance that interacts with calcium salts to produce thrombin
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radioimmunassay (RIA)
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Method of determining the concentration of protein-bound hormones in the blood plasma
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reticulocyte
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RBC containing a network of granules the last immature stage of RBC
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retrovirus
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Virus that contains a unique enzyme called reverse transcriptase that allows it to replicate within new host cells.
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septicemia
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pathological condition in which bacteria are present in the blood
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seroculture
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bacterial culture of blood
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serum
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blood serum is the clear, thin, and sticky fluid part of the blood that remains after a blood clotts
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sideropenia
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lack of iron in the blood
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splenomegaly
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abnormal enlargement of the spleen
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stem cell
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a bone marrow cell that gives rise to different types of blood cells
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thalassemia
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hereditary anemia
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Erythocyte
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Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
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Thrombocyte
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clots blood
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Leukocyte (WBC)
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Provides body's main defense against invasion of pathogens
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Neutrophil
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protects against infection, especially bacteria. Attracted to foreign antigens and destroys them
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Eosinophil
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destroys parastic organisms, plays a key role in allergic reactions
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Basophil
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plays a key role in releasing histamine and other chemicals that act on blood vessels
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Monocyte
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Provides one of the first lines of defense in the inflammatory process
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Lymphocyte
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provides immune capacity to the body
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B lymphocyte
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identifies foreign antigens and differentiates into antibody producing plasma cells
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T lymphocyte
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plays essential role in the specific immune response of the body
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Type A has what antigen
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A
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Type B has what antigen
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B
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Type AB has what antigen
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Both A and B
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Type O has what antigen
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No A and B
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Type A has what anti-body
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Anti-B
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Type B has what anti-body
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Anti-A
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Type AB has what antibody
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no anti A or B
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Type O has what antibody
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Both anti-A and anti-B
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Type A can give to what other types
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A and O
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Type B can give to what other types
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B and O
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Type AB can give to what other types
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A,B,AB,O
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Type O can give to what other types
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O only
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Type A cannot give to
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B and AB
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Type B cannot give to
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A and AB
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Type O cannot give to
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A,B, AB
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If a person has RH factor they are
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positive
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If a person does not have RH factor they are
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negative
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Nose
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serves as an air passageway, helps distinguish various smells
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Function of pharynx
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serves as a passageway for air and for food;
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Larynx
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produces vocal sounds
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trachea
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provides an open passageway for air to and from the lungs
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bronchi
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provide a passageway for air to and from the lungs
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lungs
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bring air into intimate contact with blood so that oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged in the alveoli
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alveolus
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pertaining to a small air sac in the lungs
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anthracosis
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lung condition caused by inhalation of coal dust
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apnea
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termporary cessation of breathing during sleep
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asphyxia
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emergency condtion in which there is a depletion of oxygen in the blood with an increase of CO2 in the blood and tissues
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aspiration
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the act of drawing in or out by suction using a device with a syringe or needle
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bronchiectasis
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chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi. Involves lower portion of a lung
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bronchiolitis
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inflammation of the bronchioles
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bronchitis
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inflammation of the bronchi
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bronchoscope
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medical instrument used to visually examine the bronchi
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carbon dioxide (co2)
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colorless, odorless gas produced by the oxidation of carbon
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empyema
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pus in a body cavity, especially the pleural cav
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endotracheal (ET)
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with in the trachea
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epistaxis
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nosebleed
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eupnea
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good or normal breathing out
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exhalation
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process of breathing out
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expectoration
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process of coughing up and spitting out material from the lungs, bronchi and trachea
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endo
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within
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trach/e
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treachea
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al
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pertaining to
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epi
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upon
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staxis
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dripping
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eu
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good,normal
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pnea
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breathing
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ex
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out
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halat
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breathe
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ion
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process
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pector(at)
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breast,chest
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ion
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process
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laryngeal
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pertaining to the laryn (voice box)
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laryngitis
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inflammation of the larynx
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laryngoscope
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medical instrument used to visually examine the larynx
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legionnaire's disease
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severe pulmonary pneumonia
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lobectomy
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surgical excision of a lobe of any organ or gland, such as the lung
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mesothelioma
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maglignant tumor of mesothelim
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neasopharyngitis
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inflammation of the nose and pharynx
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olfaction
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process of smelling
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oropharynx
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central portion of the throat that lies between the soft palate and upper portion of epiglottis
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orthopnea
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inability to breathe unless in an upright or straight position
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palatopharyngoplasty
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type of surgery that relieves snoring and sleep apnea
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pertussis
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acute, infectious disease caused by the bacterium, whooping cough
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pharyngitis
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inflammation of the pharynx
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pleurisy
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inflammtion of the pleura caused by injury
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pleuritis
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inflammation of the pleura
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pleurodynia
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pain in the pleura
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pneumoconiosis
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abnormal condition of the lung caused by the inhalation of dust particles such as coal dust
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pneumonitis
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inflammation of the lung
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pneumothorax
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a pathological condition in which there is a collection of air between the chest wall and lungs
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golyp
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tumor with a stem, can occur where there are mucous membranes
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pulmonectomy
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surgical excision of the lung or a part of a lung
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pyothorax
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pus in the chest cavity
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rale
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abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the chest
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respirator
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medical device used to assist in breathing type of machine used for prolonged artificial respiration
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respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
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condition that can occur in a premature infant in which the lungs are not matured
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respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection
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most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia among infants and children
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rhinoplasty
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surgical repair of the nose
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rhinorrhea
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discharge from the nose
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rhinovirus
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one of a subgroup of viiruses that cause the common cold
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ARD (croup)
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acute respiratory disease
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SARS
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severe acute resp syn
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kidneys
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produce urine and help regulate and control body fluids
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ureters
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transport urine form the kidneys to the bladder
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urinary bladder
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serves as a reservoir for urine
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urethra
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passageway of urine to the outside of the body, in the male conveys both urine and semen
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albuminuria
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indicates the presence of serum protein in the urine
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antiduretic
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pertaining to a medication that decreases urine production and secretion
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anuria
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literally means without the formation of urine, lack of urine production
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bacteriuria
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presence of bacteria in the urine
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calciuria
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presence of calcuim in the urine
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calculus
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pebble
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glomerulitis
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inflammation of the renal glmeruli
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glomerulonephritis
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inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli
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glycosuria
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presence of glucose in the urine
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hermaturia
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presence of RBC in the urine
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cystolithectomy
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surgical excision of a stone from the bladder
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cystocope
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medical instrument used for visual examination of the bladder
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dialysis
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medical procedure to separate waste material from the blood and to maintain fluid
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diuresis
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pathogical condition of increased or excessive flow of urine
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dysuria
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difficult or painful urination
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edema
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pathological condition in which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid
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enuresis
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condition of involuntary emission of urine, bedwetting
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excretory
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pertaining to the elimination of waste products from the body
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extacorporeal shock wave lithotripor (ESWL)
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medical device used to crush kidney stones
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cyst
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bladder
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ectomy
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surgical excision
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itis
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inflammation
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cele
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hernia
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dynia
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pain
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gram
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a mark, record
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hydronephrosis
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pathological condtion in which urine collects in teh renal pelvis because of obstructed outflow
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hypercalciuria
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excessive amount of calium in the urine
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incontinence
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inability to hold or control urination or defecation
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interstitial cystitis (IC)
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chronically irritable and painful inflammtion of the bladder wall
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ketonuria
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presence of ketones in the urine resulting from breakdown of fats
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lithotripsy
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crushing of a kidney stone
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meatotomy
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incision of the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening
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micturit
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to urinate
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nephr
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kidney
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ectomy
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surgical excision
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lith
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stone
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nephrology
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literally means study of the kidney
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nephroma
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kidney tumor
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nephron
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basic stuructural and functional unit of the the kidney
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nephropathy
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pathogical disease of the kidney
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nephrosclerosis
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condition of hardening of the kidney
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nocturia
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urination during the night
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oliguria
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scanty, decreased amt of urine
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periurethral
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literally means pertaining to arount the urethra
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polyuria
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literally means excessive secretion and discharge of urine
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pyelocystitis
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inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis
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pyelolithotomy
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surgical incision into the renal pelvis for removal of a stone
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pyelonephritis
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inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
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pyuria
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pus in the urine
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renal
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pertaining to the kidney
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renal colic
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sharp, severe pain in the lower back over the kidney, radiating forward into the groin
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renal failure
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pathological failure of the kidney to function
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acid
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acid
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osis
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condition
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acr/o
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extremity
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megaly
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enlargement, large
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aden
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gland
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ectomy
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surgical excision
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oma
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tumor
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adren
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adrenal gland
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pathy
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disease
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andr/o
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man
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gen
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formation
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cortis
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cortex
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cretin
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cretin
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ism
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condition
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dopamine
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intermediate substance in the synthesis of neEpin used in the treatment of shock
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dwarfism
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condition of being abnormally small
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endocrine
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ductless glands that produce internal secretions (hormones) directly into the bloodstream
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endocrinologist
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physician who specializes in the study of the endocrine system
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endocrinology
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study of the endocrine system
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epinephrine
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hormone produced by the adren medulla, used as a vasoconstrictor
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estrogen
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hormones produced by the ovaries
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euthyroid
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normal activity of the thyroid gland
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exocrine
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pertains to a type of gland that secrets into ducts
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exophthalmic
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pertaining to abnormal condition characterized by a marked protrusion of the eyeballs
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galactorrhea
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excessive secretion of milk after cessation of nursing
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gigantism
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pathological condition of being abnormally large
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glandular
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pertaining to a gland
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glucocorticoid
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general classification of the adrenal cortical hormones
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hirusutism
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abnormal condition characterization by excessive growth of hair espec in women
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hormone
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clss of chemical substance produced by the endocrine glands
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hydrocortisone
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glucocorticoid (steroid) hormone produced by adrenal cortex
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hypergonadism
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condition of excessive secretion of sex glands
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hyperinsulinism
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condition of excessive amts of insulin in the blood
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hyperkalemia
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condition of excessive amts of potassium in the blood
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hyperthyroidism
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excessive secretion of thyroid hormone
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hypogonadism
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condition caused by deficient internal secretion of the gonads
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hypophysis
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literally means any undergrowth, also called pituitary gland
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hypothyroidism
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pathological cond in which the thyroid gland produces inadequate amounts of thyroid hormone
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nor-epi
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hormone produced by the adrenal medulla used as a vasoconstrictor
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oxytocin
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hormone that stimulate uterine contraction during childbirth
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pancretic
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pertaining to the pancreas
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parathyroid glands
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endocrine glands located beside the the thyroid gland
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pineal
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endocrine gland shaped like a small pine cone
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pitultarism
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any cond of the pituarty gland
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pituitary
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pertaining to the pituitary gland
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progeria
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pathological condition of premature old age
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progesterone
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hormone produced by the corpus luteum of the ovary
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simmonds disease
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path cond in which complete atrophy of the pit gland
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somatotrophin
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growth stimulating hormone produced by ant lobe of pit gland
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thyroxine
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important for growth and developmetn of bodys metabolic rate
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vasopressin(VP)
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ADH hormone produced by hypothalumus and stored inthe post lobe of pit gland
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virilism
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secondary male characteristics
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