Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Origin of "Botany"
|
Its Greek
|
|
|
Early History of Botany
|
started in the middle east and asia.
Started by Theophrastus |
|
|
Characteristics of living organisms
|
1. Have Organization
2. respond to the environment 3. Grow, develop and reproduce 4. Evolve: organism populations change over time |
|
|
Taxonomy
|
Science of naming organisms
|
|
|
Systematics
|
science of organizing and classifying based on evolutionary relationships
|
|
|
Early history of taxonomy
|
plants were originally classified based on use. Food, medicine, ect..
|
|
|
Common Name system
|
no rules.
|
|
|
Polynomial naming system
|
"many names" generic name for a group of similar organisms with a list of descriptive terms in Latin
|
|
|
Structure of the Modern Binomial naming system
|
Genus name + specific epithet= scientific name
Genus always uppercase, specific epithet always lower |
|
|
Modern name classification order
|
KDCOFGS
Kingdom Division Class Order Family Genus Species |
|
|
Unique characteristics of the Kindom Plantae
|
Cellulose, Starch, Chlorophyll
|
|
|
Characteristics of ALL seedless plants
|
have swimming sperm
lack pollen, seed, flower, or fruit dispersed by wind |
|
|
Characteristics of TRUE MOSSES
|
have epidermis but lack cuticle
no vascular tissue |
|
|
characteristics of CLUB MOSS
|
similar to TRUE MOSS but HAS vascular tissue
|
|
|
Characteristics of TRUE FERN
|
Leaves (fronds) are finely divided like a fiddle
|
|
|
Characteristics of a WISK FERN
|
Branching stems, no leaves
|
|
|
Characteristics of HORSE TAIL
|
long straight stem, small (tiny) leaves.
spores produced on strobilus |
|
|
How does an organism protect from water loss
|
Epidermis and Waxy Cuticle
|
|
|
How to protect gametes, spores, and zygote from water loss
|
sporangium
gametangium |
|
|
Movement of water and food around the plant body
|
vascular tissues: Xylem & Pholem
|
|
|
How does a plan support itself against gravity
|
rigid cell walls
vascular tissue fibers |
|
|
how does a plan disperse gametes without external water
|
pollen!
|
|
|
how does it store food for and protect offspring
|
seed
|
|
|
how does it effectively disperse offspring without water
|
seed and surrounding fruit
|
|
|
how does it maximize pollen dispersal
|
flowers
|
|
|
Why are seedless plants economically important?
|
Coal forest and decorative plants
|
|
|
Characteristics of all Seed plants
|
epidermis with waxy cuticle
vascular tissue have pollen, no sperm all have seeds |
|
|
Conifers
|
M & F cones are on the same plant
|
|
|
Cycads
|
look like small palm trees
popular ornamental plants |
|
|
Ginko
|
Separate male and female plants
|
|
|
Monocots
|
ONE, UNO, 1 COTYLEDON
Flowers in three's like grass have Parallel leaf veins |
|
|
Dicots
|
TWO, DOS, 2 COTYLEDONS
Flowers in 4 or 5's Branched leaf veins |
|
|
How have seed plants adapted to life on land?
|
self and cross pollination? (not sure if this is the right answer)
|
|
|
What is the economic importance of seed plants
|
Majority of crops are seed plants
FOOD! |
|
|
What is Evolution
|
change of genetic composition of a population
|
|
|
What is Darwin's background?
|
studied theology at Cambridge
was on the HMS Beagle for 5 years wrote the Origins of Species before Alfred Wallace |
|
|
What are the 4 components of Natural selection
|
1. Variation of 1 or more characteristics
2. More Offspring 3. Competition for resources 4. Survival of the fittest. |
|
|
What evidence supports evolution
|
fossils, comparative anatomy (structural similarities), genetic code, bio geography
|
|
|
Gradualisim evolution
|
gradual small changes
|
|
|
Punctuated-equilibrium
|
short rapid evolution followed by long periods without change
|
