Study Guide #16 Oxygenation

Front 1

Liquid Oxygen

Back 1

-designed to store the oxygen at a precise and safe temperature and deliver it as a gas through wall outlets in a client's room.
-stored at or below -297 degrees F and requires the use of a small ambulatory tank that is filled from a resevoir in the home

Front 2

Portable Tank

Back 2

-easily moved
-weigh more than 10 pounds
-not designed to be carrried
-deliver oxygen for about 5 hours at 2L/min.

Front 3

Tidal Volume

Back 3

-amount of air inpires and expired with each breath
-usually set at 8-15 mL/Kg of ideal body weight.

Front 4

Positive-pressure Ventilation

Back 4

-assists in reinflation
-delivers positive pressure to inflate the lungs

Front 5

Noninvasive Ventialation

Back 5

-maintains positive airway pressure and improves alveolar ventillation without the need for an artificial airway.
-reduces and reverses atelectasis, improves cardiac funtion.

Front 6

Incentive Spirometry

Back 6

-assists the client in deep breathing
-most often used following abdominal or thoracis surgery to help reduce the incidnece of post-operative pulmony atelectasis

Front 7

Oxygen Tent

Back 7

-a tent has been placed over a bed for the continuous administration of oxygen and mist.
-commonly used in the pediatric setting
-able to provide high concentration of humidified oxygen

Front 8

Venturi Mask

Back 8

-can be used to deliver oxygen concentration of 24% to 55% with oxygen flow rates fo 2 to 14 L/min
-cone shaped device with entrainment parts of various sizes at the bas of the mask to permit regulation of FiO2 from 24% to 60%.
-The mask is useful because it delivers a more precise concentration of Oxygen to the client

Front 9

Dyspnea

Back 9

-clinical sign of hypoxia and manifest as breathlessness
-subjective sensation of difficult or uncomfortable breathing

Front 10

Orthopnea

Back 10

-an abnormal condition in which the person must use multiple pillow when lying down or must sit with the arms elevated and leaning forward to breathe.

Front 11

Nasal Cannula

Back 11

-a simple, comfortable device used for oxygen delivery
-tubing used to deliver oxygen at levels from 1 to 6L/m
-it is used in situations such as cardiac disease, in which a low-flow, small % oxgyen therapy is desireable.

Front 12

Hypoxemia

Back 12

-low levels of arterial oxygen
-decreased oxygen concentration of arterial blood, measured by arteriol oxygen partial pressure (Pa02) values.
-it is sometimes associated with decreased oxgyen content

Front 13

Hypoxia

Back 13

-an oxgyen defiecienty in body tissues
-a decreased concentration of oxygen in inpired air
-inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellualar level

Front 14

Cyanosis

Back 14

-blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the presence of desaturated hemoglobin in cappilaries
-a late sign of hypoxia

Front 15

During a nursing assessment an adult client is noted to have shallow resp. @ a rate of 8 beats/min. His heart rate is 46 beats/min. His VS would be described as:
1. bradycardia & apnea
2. Tachycardia & apnea
3. Bradycardia & bradypnea
4. Tachycardia $ bradpnea

Back 15

3-bradycardia is a slow HR below 60 beats/min in adults.
-bradypnea is abnomally slow rate of breathing, less than 12 breaths/min.

Front 16

A pulse deficit provides information about the heart's ability to adequately perfuse the body. A pulse deficit is:
1. the difference between the radial and apical pulse rates.
2. the digital pressure felt when taking radial and ulnar pulses.
3. the amount of pressure felt when taking radial and ulnar pulses.
4. the difference between the systolic and diastolic BP readings.

Back 16

1-an insufficient contractuon of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse wave to the periperal pulse site creates a pulse deficit. to assess a pulse deficit, the nurse and a collegue assesses radial and apical rates ismultaneously and then compare rates. the difference between the Ap and radial pulse rates is the pulse deficit. pulse deficits are frequently associated w/abnormal rhythms.

Front 17

The nursing assistant reports to the nurse that a client is "feeling funny". the nurse's first action would be:
1. obtain the VS herself.
2. instruct the nurse assistant to retake VS.
3. insturct the nursing assistant to continue to assess the client and report any further complaints.
4. notify the physician.

Back 17

1-careful measurment techniques ensure accurate findings. VS & other physiological measurements are the basis for clinical problem solving. VS assessment is an essential ingredient when nurses & physician collaborate to determine the client's health status.

Front 18

If a BP cuff is too narrow, or wrapped too loosely, the BP reading will be:
1. falsely low
2. falsely high
3. difficult to hear b/c sounds will be muffled.
4. dependent on the examiner's hearing acuity

Back 18

2-BP mesurements will not be accurate unless the correct size BP cuff is applied appropriately. If a cuff is too small/tends to come loose, the result is a false high reading.

Front 19

Client's w/apnea expierience:
1. difficult respirations requiring more effort
2. slowness of breathing followed by rapid breathing
3. cessation of breathing that may be temporary
4. lack of O2 to body tissue and organs

Back 19

3-respirations cease for several seconds. persistant cessation results in resp. arrest. andy irregular resp. pattern/periods of apnea are symptoms of underlying disease in the adult and must be reported to the physician or nurse in charge.

Front 20

The nurse obtaind a supine BP reading of 130/64. One hour later, the BP (supine) 134/62, and sitting BP 95/62. The nurse's immediate action is to:
1. assist the client to return to a supine position.
2. obtain a BP in the other arm.
3. report the findings to the nurse in charge.
4. question the client about lightheadedness.

Back 20

1-if orthostatic hypotension is assessed the client is assisted to a lying positon and the physician or nurse in charge is notified. while obtaining orthostatice measurements, the nurse observes for other symptoms of hypotension; such as fainting, weakness, or light-headedness. b/c the skill of orthostatice measurements requires critical thinking and ongoing nursing judgement, this procedure is not delegated to unliscensed assistive personnel.

Front 21

A nurse is taking VS & notes the client has a strong radial pulse that dimenishes in intesity & has an interruption in rhythm about q4-6 beats. the nurse's immediate action is to:
1. report the findings to a physician
2. measure a 60 second Ap. pulse.
3. connect the client to a cardiac monitor
4. obtain a 60 second Ap & radial pulse

Back 21

4-when assessing the pulse, the nurse must consider the variety of factors influeincing the pulse rate. A combination of the factors may cause significant changes. If the nurse detects an abnormal rate while palpatin a peripheral pulse, the next step is to assess the Ap. pulse.

Front 22

Nursing interventions, such as removing excess blankets formt he client & applying cool cloths to the axilla to decrease body temp. through:
1. conduction
2. convection
3. evaporation
4. radiation

Back 22

1-conduction is the transfer of heat form one object to another w/direct contact. heat conducts through contact w/solids, liquids & gases. when the warm skin touches a cooler object, heat is lost. conducitno normally accounts for a small amount of heat loss. the nurse increases conductive heat loss when applying an ice pack or bathing a clinet w/cool water.

Front 23

Poor O2 of the blood ordinarily will affect the pulse rate & cause it to become:
1. bounding
2. irregular
3. faster than normal
4. slower than normal

Back 23

3-the pulse is the palpable bounding of blood flow noted @ various points on the body. the blood flows through the body in a continuous cirucuit. the pulse is an indicator of circulatory status such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cause an increase in pulse rate.

Front 24

The basic techniques of which of these are used to determine VS?
1. inspection, palpation & auscultation
2. inspection, blood work, & x-rays
3. rhythm, rate, & open communication
4. psychology, physiology, & nursing skills

Back 24

1-the basic techniques of inpeciton, palpation, and auscultation are used to determine VS. these skills are simple, but should not be taken for granted. careful measurement techniques ensure accurate findings. VS & other physiological measurements are the basis for clinical problem solving. VS assemssment is an essential ingredient when nurses & physician's collaborate to determine the client's health status.

Front 25

The nurse is ausulating Mrs. McKinnon's BP. the nurse inflates the cuff to 180mmHg. AT 156mmHg, the nurse hears the onset of a tapping sound. At 130mmHg, the sound changes to a murmur or swishing. @ 100mmHg, the sound momentarily becomes sharper and @ 92 mmHg, it becomes muffled. @ 88mmHg, the sound dissappears. Her BP is:
1. 180/92
2. 180/130
3. 156/88
4. 230/88

Back 25

3-156/88

Front 26

When the nurse takes the client's radial pulse, he notes dysrhythmia. his most appropriate action is:
1. inform the physician immediately
2. wait 5 minutes & retake the radial pulse.
3. take the pulse Ap. for one full minute.
4. check the client's record for the presence of a previous dysrhythmia

Back 26

3-take the pulse Ap. for one full minute

Front 27

The nurse is assessing a client who she suspects has the nursing diagnosis hyperthemia to vigorouse exercise in hot weather. in reviewing the data, the nurse knows that the most important sign of heatstroke is:
1. confusion
2. hot, dry skin
3. excess thirst
4. muscle cramps

Back 27

2-hot, dry skin

Front 28

The nurse bathes a client who has a fever w/cool water. the nurse does this to increase heat loss by means of:
1. radiation
2. convection
3. condnesation
4. conduction

Back 28

4-conduction

Front 29

The skin plays a role in temperature regulation by:
1. insulating the body
2. constricting blood vessels
3. sensing external temperature variations
4. all above

Back 29

4-all above

Front 30

Clients with anemia my c/o:
1. lack of energy
2. increased activity tolerance
3. decreased breathlessness
4. increased activity tolerance

Back 30

1-anemia, a lower than normal hemoglobin level is a result of decreased hemoglobin produciton, increased RBC destruction, c/o fatigue, decreased activity tolerance and increased breathlessness, as well as pallor (esp. seen in conjuctiva of the eye) and increased heart rate.

Front 31

The most common toxic inhalant that decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is:
1. carbon dioxide
2. carbon monoxide
3. nitrogen
4. mustard gas

Back 31

2-carbon monoxide is the most common toxic inhalent that decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. the affinity for hemiglobin to bind w/carbon monoxide is greater than 200 times its affinity to bind w/O2, creating a funcitonal anemia b/c of the bonds strenght, carbon monoxide is not easily disassociated from hemoglibin, making the hemoglobin unavailabel for O2 transportation.

Front 32

Conditinos such as shock and severe dehydration resulting from extracellular fluid loss and reduced circulating blood volume cause:
1. hypovolemia
2. hypervolemia
3. uncontrolled bleeding
4. hypoxia

Back 32

1-conditions such as shock and severe dehydration resulting from extracellular fluid loss & reduced circulating blood volume cause hypovolemia. w/a significant loss the body tries to adapt by increasing the heart rate and peripheral vasoconstriction to the increase the volume of blood returend to the heart and in turn increasing cardiac output.

Front 33

Fever increases the tissues' need for oxygen, and as a result:
1. carbon dioxide decreases
2. carbon dioxide increases
3. cyanosis occurs
4. there is increase muscle mass

Back 33

2-fever increases the tissues' need for O2, & as a result, carbon dixide production also increases. if the febrile state persists, the metabolic rate remains high and the body begins to breakdown protein stores, resulting in muscle wasting and decreased muscle mass. Resp. muscle such as the diaphram and intercostal muscles are also wasted.

Front 34

Left-sided heart failure is an abnormal condition characterized by:
1. impaired functioning of the L ventricle
2. impaired funcitoning of the L atrium
3. lowered cardiac pressures
4. increased cardiac output

Back 34

1-L-sided heart failure is an abnormal condition characterized by impaired funtioning of the L ventricle d/t the elevated pressures and pulmonary congestion. If L ventricular failure is significatnt, the amount of blood ejected from the L ventricle drops greatly, resulting in decreased cardiac output.

Front 35

Right-sided heart failure results form:
1. impaired funtioning on the R ventricle
2. impaired functioning of the R atrium
3. severe weight loss
4. lowered pulmonary vascular resistance.

Back 35

1- R-sided heart failure results from impaired funtioning of the R ventricle, characterized by veous congestion in the systemic circulation. R-sided heart failure more commonly results form pulmonary disease or as a reult of long term L-sided failure.

Front 36

What is the primary factor in R-sided Failure?

Back 36

-elevated pulmonary vasular resistance (PVR). as the PVR increases, the R ventricle must generate more work and the O2 demand in the heart increases. as the failure continues, the amount of blood ejected from the R ventricle decreases & blood beginst to "back up" in systemic circulation. Clinically, the client has weight gain, distended neck veins, hepatomegally, and slenomegally, and dependant peripheral edema

Front 37

Cyanosis, the blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the presence of desaturated hemoglobin in capillaries is a/an:
1. early s/o hypoxia
2. late s/o hypoxia
3. reliable measure of O2 status.
4. non-life threatening event

Back 37

2-late s/o hypoxia. the presence/absence of cyanosis is not a reliable measure of oxygenation status.

Front 38

A person who starts smoking in adolscence & continues to smoke in middle age:
1. has in incrased risk for cardiopulmonary disease and lung cancer.
2. has an increased risk for obesity & diabetes
3. has an increased risk for stress-related illness
4. has in incrased risk for alcoholism

Back 38

-a person who starts smoking in adolescence & continues to smoke in middle age has an incrased risk for cardiopulmonary disease and lung cancer

Front 39

A simple & cost effective method for reducing the risks of stasis of pulmonary secreations & decrese chest wall expansion is:
1. O2 humidification
2. chest physiotherapy
3. frequent change of positon
4. antifectives

Back 39

3-frequent changes of positon are simple & cost effective methods for reducing the risks fo stasis of pulmonary secretions & decrease chest wall expansion

Front 40

The most effective positon for a client w/cardiopulmonary disease is the:
1. supine position
2. prone position
3. high fowlers
4. 45 degree semi-fowler's

Back 40

4-the most effective positon for a client w/cardiopulmonar diseases is the 45 degree semi-fowler's position, using gravity to assist in lung expansion & reduce pressure form the abdomen on the diaphram.

Front 41

Ventilation, perfusion & exchange of gases are the major purposes of:
1. respiration
2. circulation
3. aerobic metabolism
4. anerobic metabolism

Back 41

1-respiration

Front 42

Afterload refers to:
1. the amount of blood ejected from the L ventricle each minute
2. the amount of blood ejected from the L ventricle w/each contraction
3. the resistance to L ventricle ejection
4. the amount of blood in the L ventricle @ the end of diastole.

Back 42

3-the resistance to L ventricle ejection

Front 43

The movement of gases into and out of the lungs depends on:
1. a 50% O2 content int he atmospheric air
2. Pressure gradient between the atmosphere & the alveoli
3. use of accessory muscles of respiration during expiration
4. amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the fluid of the alveoli

Back 43

2-pressure gradient between the atmosphere & the alveoli

Front 44

The client's ECG shows an abnormal rhythm that slow during inspiration & increases w/expiration. the rate is 70-80 beats/minute. the P-wave, PR interval, and QRS comples are normal. this is referred to as:
1. sinus tachycardia
2. sinus dysrhythmia
3. supraventricular tachycardia
4. premature ventricular contraction

Back 44

2-sinus dysrythmia

Front 45

Mr. Isaac comes to the ER c/o difficulty breathing. An objective finding associated w/his dyspnea might include:
1. statements about a sense of impending doom.
2. c/o SOB
3. feelings of heaviness in the chest
4. use of accessary muscles of respiration

Back 45

4-use of accessary muscles of respiration

Front 46

The use of chest physiotherapy to mobilze pulmonary secretions involves the use of:
1. hydration
2. percusssion
3. nebulization
4. humidification

Back 46

2-percussion

Front 47

Partial assessment of a dyspneic client would not include which of the following?
1. respiratory risk
2. sputum
3. chest x-ray
4. breathing pattern

Back 47

4-chest x-ray

Front 48

2 L/m of O2 via nasal cannula or simple face mask is given to clients w/underlying chronic obstructive lung disease in order to:
1. decrease the risk of O2 toxicity.
2. decrease the risk of carbondioxide retention
3. increase PH level
4. increase diaphragmatic excursion

Back 48

2-reduce the risk of carbon dioxide retention

Front 49

Humidification is added to O2 therapy via nasal cannula O2 in order to:
1. prevent drying of the nasal mucosa
2. liquefy pulmonary secretions
3. increase the clients cough
4. improve oxygentation

Back 49

1-prevent drying of the nasal mucosa

Front 50

BiPap differs from CPAP in that:
1. positive pressrue is only given during inhalation
2. positive pressure is only given during exhalation
3. it uses negative rpessure during inhalation & exhalation
4. it uses positive pressure during inhalation & exhalation

Back 50

4-it uses positive pressrue during inhalaiton and exhalation

Front 51

The use of noninvasive ventilation (CPAP/BiPap) has the potential to cause carbon dioxide retention in selected clients. which clients are @ greates risk for carbon dioxide retention?
1. clients w/an underlying diagnosis fo CHF
2. Clients w/an underlying diagnosin of Pulmonary firbrosis
3. clients w/an underlying diagnosis of COPD
4. clients w/an underlying diagnosis of pulmonary edema

Back 51

3-clients w/an underlying diagnosis of COPD

Front 52

Your client is on mechanical ventilation. suddenly he develops severe resp. distress, his VS changes, his O2 saturation suddenly decreases and his trachial tube is no longer midline. you suspect a tension pneumothorax. your immediate actions are to:
1. begin manual ventilation & obtain VS & pulse asap
2. keep the ventilator settings the same & notify physician
3. notify the physician
4. suction the client & obtian VS

Back 52

1-begin manual vintillation and obtain VS and pulse ox. ASAP

Front 53

Your client has a large amount of pulmonary secretions. over the last hour, you note that the secretions are thicker & the volume has incresed. during the last 30 minutes, the pressure alarm on the mechanical ventillator has triggered repeatedly. what action is appropriate to correct this problem?
1. manually vent the client
2. change the sensitivity setting on the ventilator
3. suction the client's airway
4. call the physician

Back 53

3-suction the client's airway

Front 54

What is PaO2?

Back 54

-arterial partial pressure -the partial pressure of O2 in arterial blood; arterial O2 concentration, or tension; usually expressed in millimeter of mercury (mmHg)

Front 55

Face Tent

Back 55

-alternative to aerosol mask -provides high humidity w/O2 -difficult to keep in place and the FiO2 cannot be controlled

Front 56

Partial rebreather mask

Back 56

-plastic face mask w/a resevoir bag, can deliver from 60% to 100% O2 @ appropriate flow rates -maintains high-concentration O2 supply in the resevoir bag

Front 57

Oxygen Mask

Back 57

-shaped to fit snugly over the client's mouth and nose and is secured in place with a strap.

Front 58

Simple Mask

Back 58

-used for short term O2 therapy -fits loosely & delivers O2 concnetrations from 30% to 60% -mask is contraindicated for clients w/CO2 retention b/c retention can be worsened

Front 59

Hemoptysis

Back 59

-the expectoration of blood that arises from the larynx, trachea, bonchi, or lungs

Front 60

Humidification

Back 60

-the process of adding water to gas -gas flow is exposed to a material saturated with water

Front 61

atelectasis

Back 61

-collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbondioxide

Front 62

oxygen therapy

Back 62

-the administration of O2 @ higher levels than are normally found in the atmosphere to patient needing enhanced tissue O2 uptake.

Front 63

Apnea

Back 63

-respirations cease for several seconds -persistant cessation results in repiratory arrest

Front 64

Hyperpnea

Back 64

-respirations are labored -increased in depth -increased in rate -<20 breaths/minute -occurs normally during exercise

Front 65

Tachypnea

Back 65

-rate of breathing is regular, but abnormally rapid (>12 breaths/minute)

Front 66

Hypoventilation

Back 66

-respiratory rate is abnormally low, and depth of ventillation may be depressed. -Hypercarbia may occur -alveolar ventillation is inadequate to meet the body's O2 demand or to eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide

Front 67

Hyperventilation

Back 67

-rate and depthe of respiration increase -hypocarbia may occur -state of ventillation in excess of that required to eliminate the normal venous carbon diaxide produced by cellular metablolism -can be induced by: anxiety, infections, drugs or an acid-based imbalance fever

Front 68

What are the respiratory rates for a newborn?

Back 68

30-60 breaths per minute

Front 69

what are the respiratory rates for an infant (6 months)

Back 69

30-60 breaths per minute

Front 70

what are the respiratoy rates for a toddler (2 years)?

Back 70

25-32 breaths per minute

Front 71

what are the respiratory rates for a child?

Back 71

20-30 breaths per minute

Front 72

what are the respiratory rates for an adlolescent?

Back 72

16-19 breaths per minutes

Front 73

what are the respiratory rates for an adult?

Back 73

12-20 breaths per minute

Front 74

the % of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen in the arteries is the % of saturation of hemoglobin (SaO2)

Back 74

It is usually between 95% and 100%

Front 75

Bradypnea

Back 75

Rate of breathing is regular but abnormally slow (>12/min)

Front 76

Systolic BP

Back 76

the peak of maximum pressure when ejection occurs

Front 77

Diastolic BP

Back 77

the minimal pressure exerted against the arterial walls at all times

Front 78

Pulse Pressure

Back 78

the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure (i.e. 120/80=40)

Front 79

Pulse Oximeter

Back 79

permits the indirect measurement of oxygen saturation

Front 80

Biot's Respiration

Back 80

Resp. are abnormally shallow for 2-3 breaths, followed by irregular period of apnea.

Front 81

Kussmaul's Respiration

Back 81

Resp. are abnormally deep, regular and increase in rate

Front 82

Cheyne-Stokes Respiration

Back 82

Resp. rate and depth irregular, characterized by alternating periods of apnea and hyperventilation. Resp. cycle begins w/slow, shallow breaths that gradually increase to abnormal rate and depth. The pattern reverses, breathing slows, and becomes shallow, climaxing in apnea before resp. resumes.

Front 83

Radiation

Back 83

The process by which energy is propogated through space/matter. the emission of rays in all directtions from a common center. ionizing rays used for diagnotsic or therapeutic purposes.

Front 84

Conduction

Back 84

-the process whereby a state of excitiation affects adjacant portions of a tissue/cell so that the disturbances is transmitted to remote points -occurs in muscle fibers inthe nervous system. -the transfer of electrons, ions, heat or sound waves through a conductor/conducting medium

Front 85

Convection

Back 85

-the movement of sollutes that occurs during ultrafilltration of a fluid -loss of body heat by means of transfer to the surrounding cooler air

Front 86

Evaporation

Back 86

-change from liquid to vapor -loss in volume d/t conversion of a liquid into a vapor

Front 87

Flowmeter

Back 87

-a device for measuring the movement of a gas/liquid -used esp. in monitoring the use of anesthetic gases.

Front 88

Hypovolemia

Back 88

-a decreased blood volume that may be caused by internal/external bleeding, fluid losses or inadequate fluid intake.

Front 89

Tachycardia

Back 89

-greater than 100 beats/minute

Front 90

Bradycardia

Back 90

-less than 60 beats/minute

Front 91

Left-sided Heart Failure

Back 91

-abnormal condition charaterized by impaired functioning of the left ventricle d/t elevated pressure and pulmonary congestion

Front 92

Right-sided Heart Failure

Back 92

-results from impaired functioning of the right ventricl characterized by venous congestion in the systemic circulation. -more commonly results from pulmonary diseases or as a result of long-term left sided failure

Front 93

Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

Back 93

-reflects the electrical activity of the conduction system. -monitors the regulartity and path of the electrical impulse through the conduction system -the normal sequence is normal sinus rhythm (NSR)

Front 94

S1, or the first heart sound

Back 94

-during ventricular diastole, the atrioventricular (mitral & tricuspid) valves open & blood flows from the higher pressure atria into the relaxed ventricles -after ventricular filling, the systolic phase begins

Front 95

S2 or the second heart sound

Back 95

-during the systolic phase semilunar (arotic & pulmonic) valves open and blood glows fromt he ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary arter. -closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves

Front 96

Cardiac Output

Back 96

-the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle each minute -normal cardiac output is 4 to 6 L/min. in a healthy 1150 lb. adult at rest.

Front 97

Dysrhythmias

Back 97

-deviation from th enormal sinus heart rhythm. -may occur as a primary conduction disturbance; as a response to: ischemia, vulvular abnormality, anxiety or drug toxicity--as a reslu of: caffeine, alcohol, or tobacco use, or a complication of acid-base or electolyte impalance.

Front 98

Respiration

Back 98

-the interchange of gases between an organish and the medium in which it lives. -the act of breathing during which the lungs are provided with air through inhaling and the CO2 is removed through exhaling. Normal respiratory exchange of O2 and CO2 in the lungs is impossible unless the pulmonary tissue is adequately perfused with blood.

Front 99

Oxygen Concentrator

Back 99

-a device used for home oxygen therapy that removes most of the nitrogen fromt he room air and delivers the oxgyen at a low flow rate

Front 100

Ventilation

Back 100

-the movement of gases in and out of the lungs

Front 101

Non-rebreather Mask

Back 101

-an oxygenadministration device with one-way valves for inpiration and expiration and a reservoir bag; used to attain high concentrations of oxygen

Front 102

Nasal Catheter

Back 102

-a tube inserted into the nose made of plastic, used to inject fluids (oxygen) into the nose

Front 103

A 7 year old child who is receiving chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia is about to be discharged from the hospital. Which of the statements made by the child's mother indicates the need for follow-up by the nurse? 1. "I should call the physician if my child starts to have chills." 2. "I will have to learn how to take rectal temperatures with a glass thermometer." 3. "I went to the drugstore and bought a digital thermometer." 4. "I should wait at least 20 minutes after my child has a cold drink to take his temperature."

Back 103

2 "I will have to learn how to take rectal temperatures with a glass thermometer."

Front 104

Betty has purchased a new electronic BP monitoring device. Which of the following nursing actions will verify the accuracy of the BP monitor? 1. Nothing needs to be done. Electronic BP monitors are extremely accurate. 2. Have Betty take her daughter's BP with the new monitor. 3. Take Betty's BP with a manual aneroid sphygmomanometer right after Betty takes her BP with her monitor. 4. Ask Betty to describe when she should take her BP and have her locate an appropriate place in her home to store her monitor.

Back 104

3 Take Betty's blood pressure with a manual aneroid sphygmomanometer right after Betty takes her blood pressure with her mother.

Front 105

A group of clients are enrolled in an exercise class. Which pulse site would be best for monitoring exercise tolerance? 1. femoral 2. brachial 3. anecubital 4. radial

Back 105

4 Radial

Front 106

Which of the following should the nurse teach a client who is being discharged from the hospital with home oxygen therapy? 1. The client should not allow people in the home to smoke. 2. The client should be able to attend his son's Boy Scout campfire. 3. The client should shave with an electric razor. 4. The client should transport full oxygen tanks in the trunk of his care.

Back 106

1 The client should not allow people in the home to smoke.

Front 107

A client using a concentrator oxygen delivery system at home. Which of the following statements when made by the client indicates understanding of client education? 1. If my concentrator does not reach the outlet in my house, I will use an extension cord. 2. I think I will move my concentrator into the closet because it is the first thing everyone who comes into my house sees. 3. I need to make sure my breaker box will meet the electrical requirements of the concentrator. 4. I don't need to worry about having a back up system because my concentrator will always work.

Back 107

3 I need to make sure my breaker box will meet the electrical requirements of the concentrator.