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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Purpose of this research design to
Determine cause and effect relationships |
Randomized, Controlled Trial
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Types of RCT study designs
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Parallel
Crossover -Both are subject to principles of RCTs |
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principles of RCTs
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Subjects are assigned to an intervention by the study investigator
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Types of controls
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Placebo
Active Historical |
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Technique in which subjects and/or investigators are unaware of who is in the intervention or control group
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Blinding
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Double-dummy technique
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Both treatment drug and placebo drugs look the same
Appearance, frequency, route, taste, smell, etc |
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The degree to which the investigator’s conclusions correctly describe what actually happened in the study
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Internal validity
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Generalizability
Degree to which the study’s findings may be generalized to the general population (outside of the study) |
External validity
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Beneficial to determine effects of treatment in an individual patient
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N-of-1 Trials-Clinical trials with only 1 patient
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Observational Study Design
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Subject groups based on presence or absence of a disease or exposure
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Observational Study Design
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Determine an association
Do NOT determine cause and effect |
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Types of Observational Study Design
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Cohort study
Case-control study Cross-sectional study Case studies Case series |
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Strongest observational design
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Cohort study
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Cross-Sectional Study
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-Snapshot in time
Measurements are taken at a single point in time -Example Surveys |
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INCREASING RIGOR of Study Designs
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RCT>Cohort Study>Case-Control Study>Case Studies / Case Series
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Meta-Analysis
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Statistically combines results from previously conducted trials to formulate an overall conclusion
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