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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the difference between sensation and perception? |
sensation we feel with our senses, perception uses knowledge to interpret what we feel with our senses.
Example: Sensation = I feel something soft, fuzzy, thin, and long Perception = I feel a blanket
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What is the difference between bottom-up processing and top-down processing? |
in bottom-up, perception begins with the stimulus; in top-down, we work from general to specific |
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this is an example of what: getting too close to a fire while roasting marshmallows, feeling the pain and moving back away from the fire? |
bottom up processing |
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this is an example of what: you sit down next to a fire and remember last time you got too close to a fire, it caused you pain. you stay a good distance from the fire. |
top-down processing |
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What kind of stimulus is out there in the environment? |
distal stimulus |
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what kind of stimulus is the information registered on your sensory receptors? |
proximal stimulus |
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What part of the eye is the very beginning of seeing? |
cornea |
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what part of the eye is the colored part? |
iris |
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what part of the eye focuses the light? |
cornea, again |
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What part of the eye constricts and dilates? |
pupil |
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what part of the eye has muscles that control constriction and dilation? |
iris |
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What part of the eye is responsible for focusing images? |
lens |
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what is the clear, jelly-like substance that fills the entire center of the eye? |
vitreous humor |
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On which part of the eye is the image focused? |
retina |
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What is the thin tissue lining the back of the eye? |
retina |
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what part of the eye assists with peripheral vison? |
rods |
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what part of the eye allows us to see in color? |
cones |
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what part of the eye allows us to see in grey tones? |
rods |
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what is the tiny pit located in the macula of the retina that provides the clearest vision? |
fovea |
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what is the last component of the eye? |
optic nerve |
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what connects the eye to the brain? |
optic nerve |
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in Gestalt psych, what is a figure? |
distinct shape with clearly defined edges |
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what is a ground in gestalt psych? |
the leftover, background region |
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what is an ambiguous figure-ground relationship? |
the figure and ground reverse |
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what is the condition called in which people cannot recognize human faces visually? |
prosopagnosia |
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can people with prosopagnosia perceive other objects relatively normally? |
yes - they just can't see faces normally |
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What is the phenomenon called that people have better recognition of letters presented within words in comparison to isolated letters and letters presented outside of words? |
word superiority effect |
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what is the phenomenon when we fail to detect a change in an object or scene? |
change blindness |
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what is the phenomenon when we fail to notice the sudden appearance of an unexpected but completely visible object? |
inattentional blindness |
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what is the basic unit of spoken language? |
phonemes |
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a provincial, rural, or socially distinct variety of a language that differs from the standard language is a....? |
dialect |
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What is the term for the degree of height or depth of a tone or sound? |
pitch |
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what is the term for speaking speed? |
rate |
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what is the term for the variation in the pitch of voice while speaking? |
tone |
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what is the difference between the special mechanism approach and the general mechanism approach to speech perception? |
special mechanism approach says that we have a special mechanism for decoding speech above other sounds; general says that we don't need a special one, that we use our main one for everything |
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which mechanism of speech perception is favored? |
general is currently favored |
