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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes up the diencephlon?
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Epithalamus, dorsal thalamus, and hypothalamus
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Describe the location of the midbrain and associated cranial nerves.
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Rostral part of the brainstem which lies at the junction of the middle and posterior cranial fossae. CN III and IV are associated with it.
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Describe the pons' location and associated CNs.
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Between the midbrain rostrally and the medulla oblangata caudally. It is in the anterior part of the posterior cranial fossa. CN V is associated with it.
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Describe the location of the medulla oblangata and any associated CNs.
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Most caudal division of the brainstem and is continuous with spinal cord. Lies in the posterior cranial fossa. CN IX, X, and XII are associated with it while CN VI- VIII lie at its junction with the pons.
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Describe the location of the cerebellum.
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Posterior to the pons and medulla and inferior to the postaerior part of the cerebrum
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What are the 3 types of fibers (mostly interneurons) in the nervous system? Compare and contrast their function and where they are found.
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1) Projection fibers are found in different levels of the nervous system. They decussate or cross the midline and can be ascending or descending. They serve to allow the right side of the brain to control the left side of the body.
2)Association fibers are found in the same level of the nervous system. and they connect different or similar functional areas together. Do not cross the midline. 3) Commissoral fibers are found within the same level and connect similar functional areas. They cross the midline from one side to the other side. Allow the body to synchronize left and right body functions. |
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What is the anatomical extent of the spinal cord?
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Foramen magnum to L1/L2 disc
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What is a funiculus?
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The white matter portion of the spinal column. Consists of Posterior, lateral, and anterior divisions.
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What is the general distribution of grey and white matter in the spinal cord?
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(May not be 100% correct) There is more gray matter in places with many motor units to control. More white mater higher in in the spinal column due to more sensory fibers collecting.
The size of the anterior cell column is greater in the thoracic cord than in cervical. |
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Where are the cell bodies of LMNs?
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Within the CNS
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Where are the cell bodies of primary sensory neurons?
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Outside the CNS
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What is an interneuron?
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Any neuron that has its entirety within the CNS. (unlike LMNs and primary sensory neurons which have processes outside CNS)
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Dorsal cell column neurons are what kind of neurons?
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Interneurons
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What are the bones that make up the cranial cavity?
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Frontal bone, pariatal, Greater wing of the sphenoid, temporal, occipital
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Where is CSF produced? Where is it lost?
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It is produced by the choroid plexus in the lateral, 3rd and 4th ventricles. It is lost from the surfaces of the encephalon and spinal cord (surfaces of spinal nerves).
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What is the area where the midbrain connects the left and right hemispheres?
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Tentorial notch
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What is the area anterior to the central sulcus?
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Frontal lobe
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Give the functional relationships of the major lobes of the brain.
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Parietal Lobe = Sensory perception
Temporal Lobe = Hearing/ memory formation Occipital lobe = visual processing Frontal lobe = motor behavior, thoughts and emotion |
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What does the insular cortex control?
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Visceral areas (abdominal cavity)
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Where is the visual cortex?
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In the calcarine fissure in the occipital lobe.
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What is the Limbic lobe? Where is it found?
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Includes cerebrocortex portions that are around the junction of the cerebrum and brainstem (connects cerebral cortex to hypothalamus). Interface between calculating cerebral cortex and emotional hypothalamus and brainstem.
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Where are the senses processed?
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In the cerebral cortex
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What is the purpose of the thalmus?
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Gateway from the nervous system to the cerebral cortex.
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What is the corpus callosum?
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"Tough body" joins the left and right brain. Composed of commisural fibers.
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