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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In order from lowest to highest state all the parts of the earths structure |
Inner core Lehmann discontinuity Outer core Gutenberg discontinuity Lower mantle Asthenosphere Lithosphere MOHO oceanic crust Continental crust |
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How deep is the asthenosphere, the Lehman discontinuity, the inner core and the Gutenberg discontinuity? |
Asthenosphere- 675km Lehman discontinuity-5150km Inner core - 6371km Gutenberg discontinuity-2500km |
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State 4 characteristics of continental crust |
35-90km thick 2.7 g/km^3 density 0-4 billion years old Greater than 66% sillicic |
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State 4 characteristics of oceanic crust |
6-7km thick 3 g/km^3 density 200 million years old MAFIC- 45-52% silicates and rest if magnesium and iron |
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What are the 2 words to describe the lithosphere |
ULTRA MAFIC |
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What are the 2 words to describe the lithosphere |
ULTRA MAFIC |
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What does ultra MAFIC mean? |
Silicone oxide levels are below 45% |
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State 2 characteristics of the lithosphere |
Rigid and brittle |
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State 2 characteristics of the lithosphere |
Rigid and brittle |
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How deep (from what to what) is the asthenosphere |
100-670km |
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State 2 characteristics of the lithosphere |
Rigid and brittle |
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How deep (from what to what) is the asthenosphere |
100-670km |
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How deep is the lithosphere? |
0-100km |
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State 2 characteristics of the lithosphere |
Rigid and brittle |
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How deep (from what to what) is the asthenosphere |
100-670km |
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How deep is the lithosphere? |
0-100km |
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What is the upper 100-250km of the asthenosphere referred to as? And why? |
The low velocity zone because seismic waves slow down in this region |
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What is a rheid? |
A solid that can flow |
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What is a rheid? |
A solid that can flow |
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Why is the asthenospheric mantle a rheid? What does it contain? |
Periodotite |
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How deep is the lower mantle? |
670-2900km |
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Where do convection currents originate? |
Core-mantle boundary |
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Where do convection currents originate? |
Core-mantle boundary |
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What is similar in composition to the lower mantle? |
A stony meteorite |
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What is the boundary between the mantle and the outer core called? |
Gutenberg discontinuity |
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What is the boundary between the mantle and the outer core called? |
Gutenberg discontinuity |
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State 4 characteristics of the outer core |
-Liquid -Fe-Ni (similar to iron meteors) -Convection currents also occur within the outer core -Source of the earths magnetic field |
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What is the boundary between the mantle and the outer core called? |
Gutenberg discontinuity |
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State 4 characteristics of the outer core |
-Liquid -Fe-Ni (similar to iron meteors) -Convection currents also occur within the outer core -Source of the earths magnetic field |
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How deep is the outer core? |
2900-5150km |
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State 2 characteristics of the inner core |
Solid Fe-Ni (similar to iron meteors) |
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State 2 characteristics of the inner core |
Solid Fe-Ni (similar to iron meteors) |
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How deep is the inner core? |
5150-6371km |
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How big are boreholes in diameter? |
5-10km |
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How big are boreholes in diameter? |
5-10km |
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How deep is the deepest borehole? |
13km |
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How big are boreholes in diameter? |
5-10km |
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How deep is the deepest borehole? |
13km |
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What is the increase of temperature with depth known as? |
Geothermal gradient |
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How deep is the deepest mine? |
Just under 4km |
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How deep is the deepest mine? |
Just under 4km |
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What is a kimberlite? |
Volcanic rocks that occur in the earths crust in vertical structures known as kimberlite pipes |
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What do xenoliths do? |
Provide direct evidence of what rocks exist within the mantle |
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What do xenoliths do? |
Provide direct evidence of what rocks exist within the mantle |
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Give an example of a fine grained rock |
Basalt |
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What do xenoliths do? |
Provide direct evidence of what rocks exist within the mantle |
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Give an example of a fine grained rock |
Basalt |
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Give an example of a medium grained rock |
Gabbro |
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What do xenoliths do? |
Provide direct evidence of what rocks exist within the mantle |
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Give an example of a fine grained rock |
Basalt |
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Give an example of a medium grained rock |
Gabbro |
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Give an example of a medium grain rock |
Dolerite |
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Give an example of a coarse grained rock |
Gabbro |
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What is an ophiolite? |
Bits of lithosphere broken off and attached to continents edges |
