Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The spinal cord extends from where to where?
|
The brainstem to the upper margin of L2
|
|
|
What is the medullary conus?
|
The end of the spinal cord
|
|
|
What is the cauda equina?
|
Nerve roots caudal to the end of the spinal cord
|
|
|
How are the 31 spinal nerves divided up?
|
8 cervical
12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal |
|
|
Ventral roots of the spinal cord contain which fibers?
|
Motor (efferent) fibers
|
|
|
Dorsal roots of the spinal cord contain which fibers?
|
Sensory (afferent) fibers
|
|
|
What does the dorsal root ganglion contain?
|
The cell bodies of neurons in afferent spinal nerves
|
|
|
Where to spinal nerves leave the vertebral canal?
|
Intervertebral foramina
|
|
|
The dorsal ramus contains what type of fibers and where do they go?
|
Sensory and motor fibers to muscles and skin of the back
|
|
|
The ventral ramus contains what type of fibers and where do they go?
|
Sensory and motor fibers to the ventral trunk as well as the extremities
|
|
|
Are the brachial plexus and lumbar plexus formed from the ventral or dorsal rami?
|
Ventral rami
|
|
|
Where are motor neurons located in the spinal cord?
|
The ventral horn
|
|
|
How do motor neurons exit the vertebral canal?
|
Through the ventral root
|
|
|
Where do alpha motor neurons go?
|
Extrafusal muscle
|
|
|
Where do gamma motor neurons go?
|
Intrafusal muscle
|
|
|
Where are sensory neurons located in the spinal cord?
|
The dorsal horn
|
|
|
What are interneurons?
|
Neurons that connect afferent fibers with efferent fibers
|
|
|
Where are most cell bodies of interneurons found?
|
The intermediate zone between the dorsal and ventral horns
|
|
|
What are Rexed's laminae?
|
10 morphological divisions of the gray matter containing functionally distinct types of neurons
|
|
|
The brainstem contains which structures?
|
Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain (mesencephalon)
|
|
|
What is the function of the medulla oblongata?
|
It contains the cardiac, respiratory, vomiting and vasomotor centers and deals with autonomic functions such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure
|
|
|
What cranial nerves originate in the medulla?
|
CN IX Glossopharyngeal
CN X Vagus CN XI Accessory CN XII Hypoglossal |
|
|
What is the function of the pons?
|
It contains nuclei that send information from the forebrain to the cerebellum and nuclei that deal with sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture.
|
|
|
What cranial nerves originate in the pons?
|
CN V Trigeminal
CN VI Abducent CN VII Facial CN VIII Vestibulocochlear |
|
|
What is the function of the cerebral peduncles?
|
They contain fibers that run from the cerebral cortex to the brainstem and spinal cord
|
|
|
What cranial nerves originate in the midbrain?
|
CN III Oculomotor
CN IV Trochlear |
|
|
What structures make up the diencephalon?
|
The thalamus and hypothalamus
|
|
|
The medial geniculate body deals with what type of information?
|
Auditory information
|
|
|
The lateral geniculate body deals with what type of information?
|
Visual information
|
|
|
Where does the optic tract terminate?
|
In the lateral geniculate body
|
|
|
The mammilary body and pituitary are part of what structure?
|
The hypothalamus
|
|
|
Where is the motor cortex located in the cerebrum?
|
Precentral gyrus
|
|
|
Where is the somatosensory cortex located in the cerebrum?
|
Postcentral gyrus
|
|
|
Where is the visual cortex located in the cerebrum?
|
Around the calcarine fissure in the occipital lobe
|
|
|
Where is the auditory cortex located in the cerebrum?
|
Superior temporal gyrus
|
|
|
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
|
It participates in the initiation and control of movement
|
|
|
The amygdala and hippocampus are involved in what system? What is their function?
|
The limbic system; involved in emotion and memory
|
|
|
What is the function of the cerebellum?
|
Responsible for coordination of movement
|
