Structure And Function Of A Typical Animal Cell

Front 1

*Paired organelles that are used to organize the spindle microtubules that attach to chromosomes during mitosis.
*The area next to the nucleus that contains the centrioles is called Centrosome

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Centrioles

Front 2

Genetic material within the nucleus; consists of uncoiled chromosomes and associated proteins

Back 2

Chromatin

Front 3

Includes cellular organelles and cytosol;
cytosol contains enzymes that mediate cytosolic reactions such as glycolysis and fermentation

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Cytoplasm

Front 4

Provides the main structural support for the cell and is composed of microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments

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Cytoskeleton

Front 5

*Site of lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and alcohol (smooth ER).
Additionally, rough ER synthesizes proteins destined for the cell membrane, for lysosomes, or for secretion.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Front 6

A stack of flattened membranes that receive proteins from the rough ER and then modify, package, and sort them for delivery to other organelles or to the plasma membrane of the cell.

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Golgi Apparatus

Front 7

Membrane-enclosed sacs that contain digestive enzymes; function in the breakdown of intracellullar debris

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Lysosomes

Front 8

Often referred to as the "power house" of the cell.

*These organelles are the site of cellular respiration, the metabolic pathway that utilizes oxygen in the breakdown of food molecules to produce ATP

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Mitochondria

Front 9

Synthesize rRNA and assembles ribosomes in the nucleus

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Nucleolus

Front 10

Contains the cell's genetic material (DNA)

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Nucleus

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Membrane-enclosed sacs that contain catalase and other oxidative enzymes.

*The enzymes break down lipids and toxic substances by first converting them into hydrogen peroxide and then breaking down the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

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Peroxisomes

Front 12

Provides a selectively permeable barrier between the intracellular and extracellular environments of the cell.

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Plasma membrane

Front 13

SItes of protein synthesis; may be bound to the ER ("fixed") or found within the cytoplasm ("free")

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Ribosomes